Algebra Examples

${(\sqrt{x} - \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 1

Use the binomial expansion theorem to find each term. The binomial theorem states ${(a + b)}^{n} = \sum_{k = 0}^{n} n C k \cdot (a^{n - k} b^{k})$ .

$\sum_{k = 0}^{4} \frac{4!}{(4 - k)! k!} \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{4 - k} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{k}$

Step 2

Expand the summation.

$\frac{4!}{(4 - 0)! 0!} \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{4 - 0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{0} + \frac{4!}{(4 - 1)! 1!} \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{4 - 1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + \frac{4!}{(4 - 2)! 2!} \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{4 - 2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + \frac{4!}{(4 - 3)! 3!} \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{4 - 3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + \frac{4!}{(4 - 4)! 4!} \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{4 - 4} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 3

Simplify the exponents for each term of the expansion.

$1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{4} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4

Simplify each term.

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Step 4.1

Multiply ${(\sqrt{x})}^{4}$ by $1$ .

${(\sqrt{x})}^{4} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.2

Rewrite ${\sqrt{x}}^{4}$ as $x^{2}$ .

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Step 4.2.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{x}$ as $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

${(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{4} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.2.2

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 4} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.2.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $4$ .

$x^{\frac{4}{2}} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.2.4

Cancel the common factor of $4$ and $2$ .

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Step 4.2.4.1

Factor $2$ out of $4$ .

$x^{\frac{2 \cdot 2}{2}} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.2.4.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 4.2.4.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$x^{\frac{2 \cdot 2}{2 (1)}} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.2.4.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$x^{\frac{2 \cdot 2}{2 \cdot 1}} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.2.4.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$x^{\frac{2}{1}} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.2.4.2.4

Divide $2$ by $1$ .

$x^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.3

Apply the product rule to $- \sqrt{3}$ .

$x^{2} \cdot ({(- 1)}^{0} {\sqrt{3}}^{0}) + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.4

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$x^{2} \cdot (1 {\sqrt{3}}^{0}) + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.5

Multiply ${\sqrt{3}}^{0}$ by $1$ .

$x^{2} \cdot {\sqrt{3}}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.6

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$x^{2} \cdot 1 + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.7

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $1$ .

$x^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{3} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.8

Rewrite ${\sqrt{x}}^{3}$ as $\sqrt{x^{3}}$ .

$x^{2} + 4 \cdot \sqrt{x^{3}} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.9

Factor out $x^{2}$ .

$x^{2} + 4 \cdot \sqrt{x^{2} x} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.10

Pull terms out from under the radical.

$x^{2} + 4 \cdot (x \sqrt{x}) \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.11

Simplify.

$x^{2} + 4 x \sqrt{x} \cdot (- \sqrt{3}) + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.12

Multiply $4 x \sqrt{x} (- \sqrt{3})$ .

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Step 4.12.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $4$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{x} \sqrt{3} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.12.2

Combine using the product rule for radicals.

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.13

Rewrite ${\sqrt{x}}^{2}$ as $x$ .

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Step 4.13.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{x}$ as $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 \cdot {(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.13.2

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 \cdot x^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.13.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $2$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 \cdot x^{\frac{2}{2}} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.13.4

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 4.13.4.1

Cancel the common factor.

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 \cdot x^{\frac{2}{2}} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.13.4.2

Rewrite the expression.

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 \cdot x^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.13.5

Simplify.

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 \cdot x \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.14

Apply the product rule to $- \sqrt{3}$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 x \cdot ({(- 1)}^{2} {\sqrt{3}}^{2}) + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.15

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 x \cdot (1 {\sqrt{3}}^{2}) + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.16

Multiply ${\sqrt{3}}^{2}$ by $1$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 x \cdot {\sqrt{3}}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.17

Rewrite ${\sqrt{3}}^{2}$ as $3$ .

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Step 4.17.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{3}$ as $3^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 x \cdot {(3^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.17.2

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 x \cdot 3^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.17.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $2$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 x \cdot 3^{\frac{2}{2}} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.17.4

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 4.17.4.1

Cancel the common factor.

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 x \cdot 3^{\frac{2}{2}} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.17.4.2

Rewrite the expression.

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 x \cdot 3^{1} + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.17.5

Evaluate the exponent.

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 6 x \cdot 3 + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.18

Multiply $3$ by $6$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x + 4 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{1} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.19

Simplify.

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x + 4 \cdot \sqrt{x} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.20

Apply the product rule to $- \sqrt{3}$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x + 4 \sqrt{x} \cdot ({(- 1)}^{3} {\sqrt{3}}^{3}) + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.21

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $3$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x + 4 \sqrt{x} \cdot (- {\sqrt{3}}^{3}) + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.22

Rewrite ${\sqrt{3}}^{3}$ as $\sqrt{3^{3}}$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x + 4 \sqrt{x} \cdot (- \sqrt{3^{3}}) + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.23

Raise $3$ to the power of $3$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x + 4 \sqrt{x} \cdot (- \sqrt{27}) + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.24

Rewrite $27$ as $3^{2} \cdot 3$ .

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Step 4.24.1

Factor $9$ out of $27$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x + 4 \sqrt{x} \cdot (- \sqrt{9 (3)}) + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.24.2

Rewrite $9$ as $3^{2}$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x + 4 \sqrt{x} \cdot (- \sqrt{3^{2} \cdot 3}) + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.25

Pull terms out from under the radical.

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x + 4 \sqrt{x} \cdot (- (3 \sqrt{3})) + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.26

Multiply $3$ by $- 1$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x + 4 \sqrt{x} \cdot (- 3 \sqrt{3}) + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.27

Multiply $4 \sqrt{x} (- 3 \sqrt{3})$ .

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Step 4.27.1

Multiply $- 3$ by $4$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{x} \sqrt{3} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.27.2

Combine using the product rule for radicals.

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + 1 \cdot {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.28

Multiply ${(\sqrt{x})}^{0}$ by $1$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + {(\sqrt{x})}^{0} \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.29

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + 1 \cdot {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.30

Multiply ${(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$ by $1$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + {(- \sqrt{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.31

Apply the product rule to $- \sqrt{3}$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + {(- 1)}^{4} {\sqrt{3}}^{4}$

Step 4.32

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $4$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + 1 {\sqrt{3}}^{4}$

Step 4.33

Multiply ${\sqrt{3}}^{4}$ by $1$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + {\sqrt{3}}^{4}$

Step 4.34

Rewrite ${\sqrt{3}}^{4}$ as $3^{2}$ .

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Step 4.34.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{3}$ as $3^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + {(3^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{4}$

Step 4.34.2

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + 3^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 4}$

Step 4.34.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $4$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + 3^{\frac{4}{2}}$

Step 4.34.4

Cancel the common factor of $4$ and $2$ .

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Step 4.34.4.1

Factor $2$ out of $4$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + 3^{\frac{2 \cdot 2}{2}}$

Step 4.34.4.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 4.34.4.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + 3^{\frac{2 \cdot 2}{2 (1)}}$

Step 4.34.4.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + 3^{\frac{2 \cdot 2}{2 \cdot 1}}$

Step 4.34.4.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + 3^{\frac{2}{1}}$

Step 4.34.4.2.4

Divide $2$ by $1$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + 3^{2}$

Step 4.35

Raise $3$ to the power of $2$ .

$x^{2} - 4 x \sqrt{3 x} + 18 x - 12 \sqrt{3 x} + 9$