Algebra Examples

${(1 - x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 1

Use the binomial expansion theorem to find each term. The binomial theorem states ${(a + b)}^{n} = \sum_{k = 0}^{n} n C k \cdot (a^{n - k} b^{k})$ .

$\sum_{k = 0}^{2} \frac{2!}{(2 - k)! k!} \cdot {(1)}^{2 - k} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{k}$

Step 2

Expand the summation.

$\frac{2!}{(2 - 0)! 0!} \cdot {(1)}^{2 - 0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{0} + \frac{2!}{(2 - 1)! 1!} \cdot {(1)}^{2 - 1} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{1} + \frac{2!}{(2 - 2)! 2!} \cdot {(1)}^{2 - 2} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 3

Simplify the exponents for each term of the expansion.

$1 \cdot {(1)}^{2} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{0} + 2 \cdot {(1)}^{1} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{1} + 1 \cdot {(1)}^{0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4

Simplify each term.

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Step 4.1

Multiply $1$ by ${(1)}^{2}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.1.1

Multiply $1$ by ${(1)}^{2}$ .

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Step 4.1.1.1

Raise $1$ to the power of $1$ .

$1^{1} \cdot {(1)}^{2} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{0} + 2 \cdot {(1)}^{1} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{1} + 1 \cdot {(1)}^{0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.1.1.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$1^{1 + 2} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{0} + 2 \cdot {(1)}^{1} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{1} + 1 \cdot {(1)}^{0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.1.2

Add $1$ and $2$ .

$1^{3} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{0} + 2 \cdot {(1)}^{1} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{1} + 1 \cdot {(1)}^{0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.2

Simplify $1^{3} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{0}$ .

$1^{3} + 2 \cdot {(1)}^{1} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{1} + 1 \cdot {(1)}^{0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.3

One to any power is one.

$1 + 2 \cdot {(1)}^{1} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{1} + 1 \cdot {(1)}^{0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.4

Evaluate the exponent.

$1 + 2 \cdot 1 \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{1} + 1 \cdot {(1)}^{0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.5

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$1 + 2 \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{1} + 1 \cdot {(1)}^{0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.6

Simplify.

$1 + 2 \cdot (- x^{2}) + 1 \cdot {(1)}^{0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.7

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$1 - 2 x^{2} + 1 \cdot {(1)}^{0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.8

Multiply $1$ by ${(1)}^{0}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.8.1

Multiply $1$ by ${(1)}^{0}$ .

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Step 4.8.1.1

Raise $1$ to the power of $1$ .

$1 - 2 x^{2} + 1^{1} \cdot {(1)}^{0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.8.1.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$1 - 2 x^{2} + 1^{1 + 0} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.8.2

Add $1$ and $0$ .

$1 - 2 x^{2} + 1^{1} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.9

Simplify $1^{1} \cdot {(- x^{2})}^{2}$ .

$1 - 2 x^{2} + {(- x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.10

Apply the product rule to $- x^{2}$ .

$1 - 2 x^{2} + {(- 1)}^{2} {(x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.11

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$1 - 2 x^{2} + 1 {(x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.12

Multiply ${(x^{2})}^{2}$ by $1$ .

$1 - 2 x^{2} + {(x^{2})}^{2}$

Step 4.13

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{2})}^{2}$ .

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Step 4.13.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$1 - 2 x^{2} + x^{2 \cdot 2}$

Step 4.13.2

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$1 - 2 x^{2} + x^{4}$