Algebra Examples

$\frac{\tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 1.1

The exact value of $\tan (\frac{5 π}{8})$ is $- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ .

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Step 1.1.1

Rewrite $\frac{5 π}{8}$ as an angle where the values of the six trigonometric functions are known divided by $2$ .

$\frac{\tan (\frac{\frac{5 π}{4}}{2}) - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.2

Apply the tangent half-angle identity.

$\frac{\pm \sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.3

Change the $\pm$ to $-$ because tangent is negative in the second quadrant.

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4

Simplify $- \sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}}$ .

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Step 1.1.4.1

Apply the reference angle by finding the angle with equivalent trig values in the first quadrant. Make the expression negative because cosine is negative in the third quadrant.

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{1 - - \cos (\frac{π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.2

The exact value of $\cos (\frac{π}{4})$ is $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{1 - - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.3

Multiply $- - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

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Step 1.1.4.3.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{1 + 1 \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.3.2

Multiply $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{1 + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.4

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2}{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.6

Apply the reference angle by finding the angle with equivalent trig values in the first quadrant. Make the expression negative because cosine is negative in the third quadrant.

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 - \cos (\frac{π}{4})}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.7

The exact value of $\cos (\frac{π}{4})$ is $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.8

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{\frac{2}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.9

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{\frac{2 - \sqrt{2}}{2}}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.10

Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{2 - \sqrt{2}}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.11

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 1.1.4.11.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- \sqrt{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{2 - \sqrt{2}}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.11.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.12

Multiply $\frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}}$ by $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2 + \sqrt{2}}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) (\frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}} \cdot \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2 + \sqrt{2}})} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.13

Multiply $\frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}}$ by $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2 + \sqrt{2}}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{(2 - \sqrt{2}) (2 + \sqrt{2})}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.14

Expand the denominator using the FOIL method.

$\frac{- \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{4 + 2 \sqrt{2} - 2 \sqrt{2} - {\sqrt{2}}^{2}}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.15

Simplify.

$\frac{- \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.16

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} + \sqrt{2} \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.17

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 1.1.4.17.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} + \sqrt{2} \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.17.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.18

Combine $\sqrt{2}$ and $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2} (2 + \sqrt{2})}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19

Simplify each term.

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Step 1.1.4.19.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2} \cdot 2 + \sqrt{2} \sqrt{2}}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19.2

Move $2$ to the left of $\sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \cdot \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} \sqrt{2}}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19.3

Combine using the product rule for radicals.

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \cdot \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2 \cdot 2}}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19.4

Simplify each term.

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Step 1.1.4.19.4.1

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{4}}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19.4.2

Rewrite $4$ as $2^{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2^{2}}}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19.4.3

Pull terms out from under the radical, assuming positive real numbers.

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \sqrt{2} + 2}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19.5

Cancel the common factor of $2 \sqrt{2} + 2$ and $2$ .

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Step 1.1.4.19.5.1

Factor $2$ out of $2 \sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2}) + 2}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19.5.2

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2}) + 2 \cdot 1}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19.5.3

Factor $2$ out of $2 (\sqrt{2}) + 2 (1)$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2} + 1)}{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19.5.4

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 1.1.4.19.5.4.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2} + 1)}{2 (1)}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19.5.4.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2} + 1)}{2 \cdot 1}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19.5.4.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2} + 1}{1}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.19.5.4.4

Divide $\sqrt{2} + 1$ by $1$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} + 1} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.20

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.1.4.21

Add $\sqrt{2}$ and $\sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2

The exact value of $\tan (\frac{3 π}{8})$ is $\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ .

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Step 1.2.1

Rewrite $\frac{3 π}{8}$ as an angle where the values of the six trigonometric functions are known divided by $2$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \tan (\frac{\frac{3 π}{4}}{2})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.2

Apply the tangent half-angle identity.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - (\pm \sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}})}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.3

Change the $\pm$ to $+$ because tangent is positive in the first quadrant.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4

Simplify $\sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}$ .

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Step 1.2.4.1

Apply the reference angle by finding the angle with equivalent trig values in the first quadrant. Make the expression negative because cosine is negative in the second quadrant.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{1 - - \cos (\frac{π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.2

The exact value of $\cos (\frac{π}{4})$ is $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{1 - - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.3

Multiply $- - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

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Step 1.2.4.3.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{1 + 1 \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.3.2

Multiply $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{1 + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.4

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2}{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.6

Apply the reference angle by finding the angle with equivalent trig values in the first quadrant. Make the expression negative because cosine is negative in the second quadrant.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 - \cos (\frac{π}{4})}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.7

The exact value of $\cos (\frac{π}{4})$ is $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.8

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{\frac{2}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.9

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{\frac{2 - \sqrt{2}}{2}}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.10

Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{2 - \sqrt{2}}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.11

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 1.2.4.11.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{2 - \sqrt{2}}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.11.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.12

Multiply $\frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}}$ by $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2 + \sqrt{2}}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) (\frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}} \cdot \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2 + \sqrt{2}})}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.13

Multiply $\frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}}$ by $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2 + \sqrt{2}}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{(2 - \sqrt{2}) (2 + \sqrt{2})}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.14

Expand the denominator using the FOIL method.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{4 + 2 \sqrt{2} - 2 \sqrt{2} - {\sqrt{2}}^{2}}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.15

Simplify.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.16

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} + \sqrt{2} \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.17

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 1.2.4.17.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} + \sqrt{2} \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.17.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.18

Combine $\sqrt{2}$ and $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2} (2 + \sqrt{2})}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19

Simplify each term.

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Step 1.2.4.19.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2} \cdot 2 + \sqrt{2} \sqrt{2}}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19.2

Move $2$ to the left of $\sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \cdot \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} \sqrt{2}}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19.3

Combine using the product rule for radicals.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \cdot \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2 \cdot 2}}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19.4

Simplify each term.

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Step 1.2.4.19.4.1

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{4}}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19.4.2

Rewrite $4$ as $2^{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2^{2}}}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19.4.3

Pull terms out from under the radical, assuming positive real numbers.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \sqrt{2} + 2}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19.5

Cancel the common factor of $2 \sqrt{2} + 2$ and $2$ .

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Step 1.2.4.19.5.1

Factor $2$ out of $2 \sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2}) + 2}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19.5.2

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2}) + 2 \cdot 1}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19.5.3

Factor $2$ out of $2 (\sqrt{2}) + 2 (1)$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2} + 1)}{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19.5.4

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 1.2.4.19.5.4.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2} + 1)}{2 (1)}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19.5.4.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2} + 1)}{2 \cdot 1}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19.5.4.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2} + 1}{1}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.19.5.4.4

Divide $\sqrt{2} + 1$ by $1$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} + 1}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.20

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{3 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.2.4.21

Add $\sqrt{2}$ and $\sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 1.3

Subtract $\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ from $- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{5 π}{8}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2

Simplify the denominator.

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Step 2.1

The exact value of $\tan (\frac{5 π}{8})$ is $- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ .

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Step 2.1.1

Rewrite $\frac{5 π}{8}$ as an angle where the values of the six trigonometric functions are known divided by $2$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 + \tan (\frac{\frac{5 π}{4}}{2}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.2

Apply the tangent half-angle identity.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 + (\pm \sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}}) \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.3

Change the $\pm$ to $-$ because tangent is negative in the second quadrant.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4

Simplify $- \sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}}$ .

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Step 2.1.4.1

Apply the reference angle by finding the angle with equivalent trig values in the first quadrant. Make the expression negative because cosine is negative in the third quadrant.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{1 - - \cos (\frac{π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.2

The exact value of $\cos (\frac{π}{4})$ is $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{1 - - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.3

Multiply $- - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

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Step 2.1.4.3.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{1 + 1 \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.3.2

Multiply $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{1 + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.4

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2}{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{5 π}{4})}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.6

Apply the reference angle by finding the angle with equivalent trig values in the first quadrant. Make the expression negative because cosine is negative in the third quadrant.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 - \cos (\frac{π}{4})}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.7

The exact value of $\cos (\frac{π}{4})$ is $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.8

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{\frac{2}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.9

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{\frac{2 - \sqrt{2}}{2}}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.10

Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{2 - \sqrt{2}}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.11

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 2.1.4.11.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{2 - \sqrt{2}}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.11.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.12

Multiply $\frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}}$ by $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2 + \sqrt{2}}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) (\frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}} \cdot \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2 + \sqrt{2}})} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.13

Multiply $\frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}}$ by $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2 + \sqrt{2}}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{(2 - \sqrt{2}) (2 + \sqrt{2})}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.14

Expand the denominator using the FOIL method.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{4 + 2 \sqrt{2} - 2 \sqrt{2} - {\sqrt{2}}^{2}}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.15

Simplify.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.16

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} + \sqrt{2} \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.17

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 2.1.4.17.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} + \sqrt{2} \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.17.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.18

Combine $\sqrt{2}$ and $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2} (2 + \sqrt{2})}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19

Simplify each term.

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Step 2.1.4.19.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2} \cdot 2 + \sqrt{2} \sqrt{2}}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19.2

Move $2$ to the left of $\sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \cdot \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} \sqrt{2}}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19.3

Combine using the product rule for radicals.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \cdot \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2 \cdot 2}}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19.4

Simplify each term.

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Step 2.1.4.19.4.1

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{4}}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19.4.2

Rewrite $4$ as $2^{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2^{2}}}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19.4.3

Pull terms out from under the radical, assuming positive real numbers.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \sqrt{2} + 2}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19.5

Cancel the common factor of $2 \sqrt{2} + 2$ and $2$ .

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Step 2.1.4.19.5.1

Factor $2$ out of $2 \sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2}) + 2}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19.5.2

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2}) + 2 \cdot 1}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19.5.3

Factor $2$ out of $2 (\sqrt{2}) + 2 (1)$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2} + 1)}{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19.5.4

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 2.1.4.19.5.4.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2} + 1)}{2 (1)}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19.5.4.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2} + 1)}{2 \cdot 1}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19.5.4.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2} + 1}{1}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.19.5.4.4

Divide $\sqrt{2} + 1$ by $1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} + 1} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.20

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.1.4.21

Add $\sqrt{2}$ and $\sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \tan (\frac{3 π}{8})}$

Step 2.2

The exact value of $\tan (\frac{3 π}{8})$ is $\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ .

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Step 2.2.1

Rewrite $\frac{3 π}{8}$ as an angle where the values of the six trigonometric functions are known divided by $2$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \tan (\frac{\frac{3 π}{4}}{2})}$

Step 2.2.2

Apply the tangent half-angle identity.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} (\pm \sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}})}$

Step 2.2.3

Change the $\pm$ to $+$ because tangent is positive in the first quadrant.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}$

Step 2.2.4

Simplify $\sqrt{\frac{1 - \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}$ .

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Step 2.2.4.1

Apply the reference angle by finding the angle with equivalent trig values in the first quadrant. Make the expression negative because cosine is negative in the second quadrant.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{1 - - \cos (\frac{π}{4})}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}$

Step 2.2.4.2

The exact value of $\cos (\frac{π}{4})$ is $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{1 - - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}$

Step 2.2.4.3

Multiply $- - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

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Step 2.2.4.3.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{1 + 1 \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}$

Step 2.2.4.3.2

Multiply $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{1 + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}$

Step 2.2.4.4

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2}{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}$

Step 2.2.4.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 + \cos (\frac{3 π}{4})}}}$

Step 2.2.4.6

Apply the reference angle by finding the angle with equivalent trig values in the first quadrant. Make the expression negative because cosine is negative in the second quadrant.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 - \cos (\frac{π}{4})}}}$

Step 2.2.4.7

The exact value of $\cos (\frac{π}{4})$ is $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{1 - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}}}$

Step 2.2.4.8

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{\frac{2}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}}}$

Step 2.2.4.9

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}{\frac{2 - \sqrt{2}}{2}}}}$

Step 2.2.4.10

Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{2 - \sqrt{2}}}}$

Step 2.2.4.11

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 2.2.4.11.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{2 - \sqrt{2}}}}$

Step 2.2.4.11.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}}}}$

Step 2.2.4.12

Multiply $\frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}}$ by $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2 + \sqrt{2}}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) (\frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}} \cdot \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2 + \sqrt{2}})}}$

Step 2.2.4.13

Multiply $\frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{2}}$ by $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2 + \sqrt{2}}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{(2 - \sqrt{2}) (2 + \sqrt{2})}}}$

Step 2.2.4.14

Expand the denominator using the FOIL method.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{4 + 2 \sqrt{2} - 2 \sqrt{2} - {\sqrt{2}}^{2}}}}$

Step 2.2.4.15

Simplify.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{(2 + \sqrt{2}) \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.16

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} + \sqrt{2} \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.17

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 2.2.4.17.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2} + \sqrt{2} \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.17.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} \frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.18

Combine $\sqrt{2}$ and $\frac{2 + \sqrt{2}}{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2} (2 + \sqrt{2})}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19

Simplify each term.

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Step 2.2.4.19.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2} \cdot 2 + \sqrt{2} \sqrt{2}}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19.2

Move $2$ to the left of $\sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \cdot \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} \sqrt{2}}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19.3

Combine using the product rule for radicals.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \cdot \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2 \cdot 2}}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19.4

Simplify each term.

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Step 2.2.4.19.4.1

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{4}}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19.4.2

Rewrite $4$ as $2^{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2^{2}}}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19.4.3

Pull terms out from under the radical, assuming positive real numbers.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 \sqrt{2} + 2}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19.5

Cancel the common factor of $2 \sqrt{2} + 2$ and $2$ .

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Step 2.2.4.19.5.1

Factor $2$ out of $2 \sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2}) + 2}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19.5.2

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2}) + 2 \cdot 1}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19.5.3

Factor $2$ out of $2 (\sqrt{2}) + 2 (1)$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2} + 1)}{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19.5.4

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 2.2.4.19.5.4.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2} + 1)}{2 (1)}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19.5.4.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{2 (\sqrt{2} + 1)}{2 \cdot 1}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19.5.4.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{\sqrt{2} + 1}{1}}}$

Step 2.2.4.19.5.4.4

Divide $\sqrt{2} + 1$ by $1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} + 1}}$

Step 2.2.4.20

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{3 + \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2}}}$

Step 2.2.4.21

Add $\sqrt{2}$ and $\sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}$

Step 2.3

Multiply $- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ .

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Step 2.3.1

Raise $\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - ({\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}^{1} \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}})}$

Step 2.3.2

Raise $\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - ({\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}^{1} {\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}^{1})}$

Step 2.3.3

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - {\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}^{1 + 1}}$

Step 2.3.4

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - {\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}^{2}}$

Step 2.4

Rewrite ${\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}^{2}$ as $3 + 2 \sqrt{2}$ .

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Step 2.4.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ as ${(3 + 2 \sqrt{2})}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - {({(3 + 2 \sqrt{2})}^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.4.2

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - {(3 + 2 \sqrt{2})}^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2}}$

Step 2.4.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $2$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - {(3 + 2 \sqrt{2})}^{\frac{2}{2}}}$

Step 2.4.4

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 2.4.4.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - {(3 + 2 \sqrt{2})}^{\frac{2}{2}}}$

Step 2.4.4.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - {(3 + 2 \sqrt{2})}^{1}}$

Step 2.4.5

Simplify.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - (3 + 2 \sqrt{2})}$

Step 2.5

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - 1 \cdot 3 - (2 \sqrt{2})}$

Step 2.6

Multiply $- 1$ by $3$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - 3 - (2 \sqrt{2})}$

Step 2.7

Multiply $2$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{1 - 3 - 2 \sqrt{2}}$

Step 2.8

Subtract $3$ from $1$ .

$\frac{- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{- 2 - 2 \sqrt{2}}$

Step 3

Reduce the expression by cancelling the common factors.

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Step 3.1

Cancel the common factor of $- 2$ and $- 2 - 2 \sqrt{2}$ .

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Step 3.1.1

Factor $2$ out of $- 2 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ .

$\frac{2 (- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}})}{- 2 - 2 \sqrt{2}}$

Step 3.1.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 3.1.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $- 2$ .

$\frac{2 (- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}})}{2 (- 1) - 2 \sqrt{2}}$

Step 3.1.2.2

Factor $2$ out of $- 2 \sqrt{2}$ .

$\frac{2 (- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}})}{2 (- 1) + 2 (- \sqrt{2})}$

Step 3.1.2.3

Factor $2$ out of $2 (- 1) + 2 (- \sqrt{2})$ .

$\frac{2 (- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}})}{2 (- 1 - \sqrt{2})}$

Step 3.1.2.4

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{2 (- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}})}{2 (- 1 - \sqrt{2})}$

Step 3.1.2.5

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{- 1 - \sqrt{2}}$

Step 3.2

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{- 1 - \sqrt{2}}$

Step 4

Multiply $\frac{\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{- 1 - \sqrt{2}}$ by $\frac{- 1 + \sqrt{2}}{- 1 + \sqrt{2}}$ .

$- (\frac{\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{- 1 - \sqrt{2}} \cdot \frac{- 1 + \sqrt{2}}{- 1 + \sqrt{2}})$

Step 5

Simplify terms.

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Step 5.1

Multiply $\frac{\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}}{- 1 - \sqrt{2}}$ by $\frac{- 1 + \sqrt{2}}{- 1 + \sqrt{2}}$ .

$- \frac{\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} (- 1 + \sqrt{2})}{(- 1 - \sqrt{2}) (- 1 + \sqrt{2})}$

Step 5.2

Expand the denominator using the FOIL method.

$- \frac{\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} (- 1 + \sqrt{2})}{1 - \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{2} - {\sqrt{2}}^{2}}$

Step 5.3

Simplify.

$- \frac{\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} (- 1 + \sqrt{2})}{- 1}$

Step 5.4

Simplify the expression.

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Step 5.4.1

Move the negative one from the denominator of $\frac{\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} (- 1 + \sqrt{2})}{- 1}$ .

$- (- 1 \cdot (\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} (- 1 + \sqrt{2})))$

Step 5.4.2

Rewrite $- 1 \cdot (\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} (- 1 + \sqrt{2}))$ as $- (\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} (- 1 + \sqrt{2}))$ .

$- - (\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} (- 1 + \sqrt{2}))$

Step 5.5

Apply the distributive property.

$- - (\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \cdot - 1 + \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2})$

Step 5.6

Move $- 1$ to the left of $\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ .

$- - (- 1 \cdot \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} + \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{2})$

Step 5.7

Combine using the product rule for radicals.

$- - (- 1 \cdot \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} + \sqrt{(3 + 2 \sqrt{2}) \cdot 2})$

Step 6

Rewrite $- 1 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ as $- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ .

$- - (- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} + \sqrt{(3 + 2 \sqrt{2}) \cdot 2})$

Step 7

Apply the distributive property.

$- (- - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{(3 + 2 \sqrt{2}) \cdot 2})$

Step 8

Multiply $- - \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ .

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Step 8.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$- (1 \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{(3 + 2 \sqrt{2}) \cdot 2})$

Step 8.2

Multiply $\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}}$ by $1$ .

$- (\sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - \sqrt{(3 + 2 \sqrt{2}) \cdot 2})$

Step 9

Apply the distributive property.

$- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} - - \sqrt{(3 + 2 \sqrt{2}) \cdot 2}$

Step 10

Multiply $- - \sqrt{(3 + 2 \sqrt{2}) \cdot 2}$ .

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Step 10.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} + 1 \sqrt{(3 + 2 \sqrt{2}) \cdot 2}$

Step 10.2

Multiply $\sqrt{(3 + 2 \sqrt{2}) \cdot 2}$ by $1$ .

$- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} + \sqrt{(3 + 2 \sqrt{2}) \cdot 2}$

Step 11

The result can be shown in multiple forms.

Exact Form:

$- \sqrt{3 + 2 \sqrt{2}} + \sqrt{(3 + 2 \sqrt{2}) \cdot 2}$

Decimal Form:

$1$