Algebra Examples

${(3 x^{5} - \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 1

Use the binomial expansion theorem to find each term. The binomial theorem states ${(a + b)}^{n} = \sum_{k = 0}^{n} n C k \cdot (a^{n - k} b^{k})$ .

$\sum_{k = 0}^{4} \frac{4!}{(4 - k)! k!} \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{4 - k} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{k}$

Step 2

Expand the summation.

$\frac{4!}{(4 - 0)! 0!} \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{4 - 0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{0} + \frac{4!}{(4 - 1)! 1!} \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{4 - 1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + \frac{4!}{(4 - 2)! 2!} \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{4 - 2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + \frac{4!}{(4 - 3)! 3!} \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{4 - 3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + \frac{4!}{(4 - 4)! 4!} \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{4 - 4} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 3

Simplify the exponents for each term of the expansion.

$1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{4} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4

Simplify each term.

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Step 4.1

Multiply ${(3 x^{5})}^{4}$ by $1$ .

${(3 x^{5})}^{4} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.2

Apply the product rule to $3 x^{5}$ .

$3^{4} {(x^{5})}^{4} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.3

Raise $3$ to the power of $4$ .

$81 {(x^{5})}^{4} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.4

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{5})}^{4}$ .

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Step 4.4.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$81 x^{5 \cdot 4} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.4.2

Multiply $5$ by $4$ .

$81 x^{20} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.5

Combine $y^{3}$ and $\frac{1}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} \cdot {(- \frac{y^{3}}{9})}^{0} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.6

Use the power rule ${(a b)}^{n} = a^{n} b^{n}$ to distribute the exponent.

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Step 4.6.1

Apply the product rule to $- \frac{y^{3}}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} \cdot ({(- 1)}^{0} {(\frac{y^{3}}{9})}^{0}) + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.6.2

Apply the product rule to $\frac{y^{3}}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} \cdot ({(- 1)}^{0} \frac{{(y^{3})}^{0}}{9^{0}}) + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.7

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$81 x^{20} \cdot (1 \frac{{(y^{3})}^{0}}{9^{0}}) + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.8

Multiply $\frac{{(y^{3})}^{0}}{9^{0}}$ by $1$ .

$81 x^{20} \cdot \frac{{(y^{3})}^{0}}{9^{0}} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.9

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 4.9.1

Multiply the exponents in ${(y^{3})}^{0}$ .

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Step 4.9.1.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$81 x^{20} \cdot \frac{y^{3 \cdot 0}}{9^{0}} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.9.1.2

Multiply $3$ by $0$ .

$81 x^{20} \cdot \frac{y^{0}}{9^{0}} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.9.2

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$81 x^{20} \cdot \frac{1}{9^{0}} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.10

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$81 x^{20} \cdot \frac{1}{1} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.11

Divide $1$ by $1$ .

$81 x^{20} \cdot 1 + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.12

Multiply $81$ by $1$ .

$81 x^{20} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{3} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.13

Apply the product rule to $3 x^{5}$ .

$81 x^{20} + 4 \cdot (3^{3} {(x^{5})}^{3}) \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.14

Raise $3$ to the power of $3$ .

$81 x^{20} + 4 \cdot (27 {(x^{5})}^{3}) \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.15

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{5})}^{3}$ .

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Step 4.15.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$81 x^{20} + 4 \cdot (27 x^{5 \cdot 3}) \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.15.2

Multiply $5$ by $3$ .

$81 x^{20} + 4 \cdot (27 x^{15}) \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.16

Multiply $27$ by $4$ .

$81 x^{20} + 108 x^{15} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.17

Combine $y^{3}$ and $\frac{1}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} + 108 x^{15} \cdot {(- \frac{y^{3}}{9})}^{1} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.18

Simplify.

$81 x^{20} + 108 x^{15} \cdot (- \frac{y^{3}}{9}) + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.19

Cancel the common factor of $9$ .

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Step 4.19.1

Move the leading negative in $- \frac{y^{3}}{9}$ into the numerator.

$81 x^{20} + 108 x^{15} \cdot \frac{- y^{3}}{9} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.19.2

Factor $9$ out of $108 x^{15}$ .

$81 x^{20} + 9 (12 x^{15}) \cdot \frac{- y^{3}}{9} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.19.3

Cancel the common factor.

Step 4.19.4

Rewrite the expression.

$81 x^{20} + 12 x^{15} \cdot (- y^{3}) + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.20

Multiply $- 1$ by $12$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} \cdot y^{3} + 6 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{2} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.21

Apply the product rule to $3 x^{5}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 6 \cdot (3^{2} {(x^{5})}^{2}) \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.22

Raise $3$ to the power of $2$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 6 \cdot (9 {(x^{5})}^{2}) \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.23

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{5})}^{2}$ .

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Step 4.23.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 6 \cdot (9 x^{5 \cdot 2}) \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.23.2

Multiply $5$ by $2$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 6 \cdot (9 x^{10}) \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.24

Multiply $9$ by $6$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 54 x^{10} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.25

Combine $y^{3}$ and $\frac{1}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 54 x^{10} \cdot {(- \frac{y^{3}}{9})}^{2} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.26

Use the power rule ${(a b)}^{n} = a^{n} b^{n}$ to distribute the exponent.

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Step 4.26.1

Apply the product rule to $- \frac{y^{3}}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 54 x^{10} \cdot ({(- 1)}^{2} {(\frac{y^{3}}{9})}^{2}) + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.26.2

Apply the product rule to $\frac{y^{3}}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 54 x^{10} \cdot ({(- 1)}^{2} \frac{{(y^{3})}^{2}}{9^{2}}) + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.27

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 54 x^{10} \cdot (1 \frac{{(y^{3})}^{2}}{9^{2}}) + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.28

Multiply $\frac{{(y^{3})}^{2}}{9^{2}}$ by $1$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 54 x^{10} \cdot \frac{{(y^{3})}^{2}}{9^{2}} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.29

Multiply the exponents in ${(y^{3})}^{2}$ .

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Step 4.29.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 54 x^{10} \cdot \frac{y^{3 \cdot 2}}{9^{2}} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.29.2

Multiply $3$ by $2$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 54 x^{10} \cdot \frac{y^{6}}{9^{2}} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.30

Raise $9$ to the power of $2$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 54 x^{10} \cdot \frac{y^{6}}{81} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.31

Cancel the common factor of $27$ .

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Step 4.31.1

Factor $27$ out of $54 x^{10}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 27 (2 x^{10}) \cdot \frac{y^{6}}{81} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.31.2

Factor $27$ out of $81$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 27 (2 x^{10}) \cdot \frac{y^{6}}{27 (3)} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.31.3

Cancel the common factor.

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 27 (2 x^{10}) \cdot \frac{y^{6}}{27 \cdot 3} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.31.4

Rewrite the expression.

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + 2 x^{10} \cdot \frac{y^{6}}{3} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.32

Combine $2$ and $\frac{y^{6}}{3}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + x^{10} \cdot \frac{2 y^{6}}{3} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.33

Combine $x^{10}$ and $\frac{2 y^{6}}{3}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{x^{10} (2 y^{6})}{3} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.34

Move $2$ to the left of $x^{10}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 \cdot x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 4 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{1} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.35

Simplify.

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 4 \cdot (3 x^{5}) \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.36

Multiply $3$ by $4$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 12 x^{5} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.37

Combine $y^{3}$ and $\frac{1}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 12 x^{5} \cdot {(- \frac{y^{3}}{9})}^{3} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.38

Use the power rule ${(a b)}^{n} = a^{n} b^{n}$ to distribute the exponent.

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Step 4.38.1

Apply the product rule to $- \frac{y^{3}}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 12 x^{5} \cdot ({(- 1)}^{3} {(\frac{y^{3}}{9})}^{3}) + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.38.2

Apply the product rule to $\frac{y^{3}}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 12 x^{5} \cdot ({(- 1)}^{3} \frac{{(y^{3})}^{3}}{9^{3}}) + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.39

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $3$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 12 x^{5} \cdot (- \frac{{(y^{3})}^{3}}{9^{3}}) + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.40

Multiply the exponents in ${(y^{3})}^{3}$ .

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Step 4.40.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 12 x^{5} \cdot (- \frac{y^{3 \cdot 3}}{9^{3}}) + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.40.2

Multiply $3$ by $3$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 12 x^{5} \cdot (- \frac{y^{9}}{9^{3}}) + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.41

Raise $9$ to the power of $3$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 12 x^{5} \cdot (- \frac{y^{9}}{729}) + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.42

Cancel the common factor of $3$ .

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Step 4.42.1

Move the leading negative in $- \frac{y^{9}}{729}$ into the numerator.

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 12 x^{5} \cdot \frac{- y^{9}}{729} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.42.2

Factor $3$ out of $12 x^{5}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 3 (4 x^{5}) \cdot \frac{- y^{9}}{729} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.42.3

Factor $3$ out of $729$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 3 (4 x^{5}) \cdot \frac{- y^{9}}{3 (243)} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.42.4

Cancel the common factor.

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 3 (4 x^{5}) \cdot \frac{- y^{9}}{3 \cdot 243} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.42.5

Rewrite the expression.

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + 4 x^{5} \cdot \frac{- y^{9}}{243} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.43

Combine $4$ and $\frac{- y^{9}}{243}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + x^{5} \cdot \frac{4 (- y^{9})}{243} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.44

Multiply $- 1$ by $4$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + \frac{x^{5} (- 4 y^{9})}{243} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.45

Move $- 4$ to the left of $x^{5}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} + \frac{- 4 \cdot x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.46

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{(4) \cdot x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + 1 \cdot {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.47

Multiply ${(3 x^{5})}^{0}$ by $1$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + {(3 x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.48

Apply the product rule to $3 x^{5}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + 3^{0} {(x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.49

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + 1 {(x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.50

Multiply ${(x^{5})}^{0}$ by $1$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + {(x^{5})}^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.51

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{5})}^{0}$ .

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Step 4.51.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + x^{5 \cdot 0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.51.2

Multiply $5$ by $0$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + x^{0} \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.52

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + 1 \cdot {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.53

Multiply ${(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$ by $1$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + {(- \frac{1}{9} y^{3})}^{4}$

Step 4.54

Combine $y^{3}$ and $\frac{1}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + {(- \frac{y^{3}}{9})}^{4}$

Step 4.55

Use the power rule ${(a b)}^{n} = a^{n} b^{n}$ to distribute the exponent.

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Step 4.55.1

Apply the product rule to $- \frac{y^{3}}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + {(- 1)}^{4} {(\frac{y^{3}}{9})}^{4}$

Step 4.55.2

Apply the product rule to $\frac{y^{3}}{9}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + {(- 1)}^{4} \frac{{(y^{3})}^{4}}{9^{4}}$

Step 4.56

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $4$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + 1 \frac{{(y^{3})}^{4}}{9^{4}}$

Step 4.57

Multiply $\frac{{(y^{3})}^{4}}{9^{4}}$ by $1$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + \frac{{(y^{3})}^{4}}{9^{4}}$

Step 4.58

Multiply the exponents in ${(y^{3})}^{4}$ .

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Step 4.58.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + \frac{y^{3 \cdot 4}}{9^{4}}$

Step 4.58.2

Multiply $3$ by $4$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + \frac{y^{12}}{9^{4}}$

Step 4.59

Raise $9$ to the power of $4$ .

$81 x^{20} - 12 x^{15} y^{3} + \frac{2 x^{10} y^{6}}{3} - \frac{4 x^{5} y^{9}}{243} + \frac{y^{12}}{6561}$