微积分学示例

$- \cos (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 1

因为 $- 1$ 对于 $x$ 是常数，所以 $- \cos (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$ 对 $x$ 的导数是 $- \frac{d}{d x} [\cos (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))]$ 。

$- \frac{d}{d x} [\cos (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))]$

解题步骤 2

使用乘积法则求微分，根据该法则， $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ 等于 $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ ，其中 $f (x) = \cos (x)$ 且 $g (x) = \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$ 。

$- (\cos (x) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))] + \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\cos (x)])$

解题步骤 3

使用链式法则求微分，根据该法则， $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ 等于 $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ ，其中 $f (x) = \ln (x)$ 且 $g (x) = \sec (x) + \tan (x)$ 。

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解题步骤 3.1

要使用链式法则，请将 $u$ 设为 $\sec (x) + \tan (x)$ 。

$- (\cos (x) (\frac{d}{d u} [\ln (u)] \frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x) + \tan (x)]) + \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\cos (x)])$

解题步骤 3.2

$\ln (u)$ 对 $u$ 的导数为 $\frac{1}{u}$ 。

$- (\cos (x) (\frac{1}{u} \frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x) + \tan (x)]) + \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\cos (x)])$

解题步骤 3.3

使用 $\sec (x) + \tan (x)$ 替换所有出现的 $u$ 。

$- (\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} \frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x) + \tan (x)]) + \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\cos (x)])$

解题步骤 4

使用求加法法则求导。

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解题步骤 4.1

组合 $\frac{1}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)}$ 和 $\cos (x)$ 。

$- (\frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} \frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x) + \tan (x)] + \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\cos (x)])$

解题步骤 4.2

根据加法法则， $\sec (x) + \tan (x)$ 对 $x$ 的导数是 $\frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x)] + \frac{d}{d x} [\tan (x)]$ 。

$- (\frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} (\frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x)] + \frac{d}{d x} [\tan (x)]) + \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\cos (x)])$

解题步骤 5

$\sec (x)$ 对 $x$ 的导数为 $\sec (x) \tan (x)$ 。

$- (\frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} (\sec (x) \tan (x) + \frac{d}{d x} [\tan (x)]) + \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\cos (x)])$

解题步骤 6

$\tan (x)$ 对 $x$ 的导数为 $\sec^{2} (x)$ 。

$- (\frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} (\sec (x) \tan (x) + \sec^{2} (x)) + \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\cos (x)])$

解题步骤 7

$\cos (x)$ 对 $x$ 的导数为 $- \sin (x)$ 。

$- (\frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} (\sec (x) \tan (x) + \sec^{2} (x)) + \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) (- \sin (x)))$

解题步骤 8

化简。

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解题步骤 8.1

运用分配律。

$- (\frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} (\sec (x) \tan (x) + \sec^{2} (x))) - (\ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) (- \sin (x)))$

解题步骤 8.2

合并项。

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解题步骤 8.2.1

将 $- 1$ 乘以 $- 1$ 。

$- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} (\sec (x) \tan (x) + \sec^{2} (x)) + 1 (\ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) (\sin (x)))$

解题步骤 8.2.2

将 $\ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$ 乘以 $1$ 。

$- \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} (\sec (x) \tan (x) + \sec^{2} (x)) + \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) \sin (x)$

解题步骤 8.3

重新排序项。

$- (\sec (x) \tan (x) + \sec^{2} (x)) \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4

化简每一项。

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解题步骤 8.4.1

化简每一项。

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解题步骤 8.4.1.1

将 $\sec (x)$ 重写为正弦和余弦形式。

$- (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} \tan (x) + \sec^{2} (x)) \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.1.2

将 $\tan (x)$ 重写为正弦和余弦形式。

$- (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} \cdot \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)} + \sec^{2} (x)) \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.1.3

乘以 $\frac{1}{\cos (x)} \cdot \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}$ 。

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解题步骤 8.4.1.3.1

将 $\frac{1}{\cos (x)}$ 乘以 $\frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}$ 。

$- (\frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x) \cos (x)} + \sec^{2} (x)) \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.1.3.2

对 $\cos (x)$ 进行 $1$ 次方运算。

$- (\frac{\sin (x)}{\cos^{1} (x) \cos (x)} + \sec^{2} (x)) \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.1.3.3

对 $\cos (x)$ 进行 $1$ 次方运算。

$- (\frac{\sin (x)}{\cos^{1} (x) \cos^{1} (x)} + \sec^{2} (x)) \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.1.3.4

使用幂法则 $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ 合并指数。

$- (\frac{\sin (x)}{{\cos (x)}^{1 + 1}} + \sec^{2} (x)) \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.1.3.5

将 $1$ 和 $1$ 相加。

$- (\frac{\sin (x)}{\cos^{2} (x)} + \sec^{2} (x)) \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.1.4

将 $\sec (x)$ 重写为正弦和余弦形式。

$- (\frac{\sin (x)}{\cos^{2} (x)} + {(\frac{1}{\cos (x)})}^{2}) \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.1.5

对 $\frac{1}{\cos (x)}$ 运用乘积法则。

$- (\frac{\sin (x)}{\cos^{2} (x)} + \frac{1^{2}}{\cos^{2} (x)}) \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.1.6

一的任意次幂都为一。

$- (\frac{\sin (x)}{\cos^{2} (x)} + \frac{1}{\cos^{2} (x)}) \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.2

运用分配律。

$(- \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos^{2} (x)} - \frac{1}{\cos^{2} (x)}) \frac{\cos (x)}{\sec (x) + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.3

化简分母。

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解题步骤 8.4.3.1

将 $\sec (x)$ 重写为正弦和余弦形式。

$(- \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos^{2} (x)} - \frac{1}{\cos^{2} (x)}) \frac{\cos (x)}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \tan (x)} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.3.2

将 $\tan (x)$ 重写为正弦和余弦形式。

$(- \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos^{2} (x)} - \frac{1}{\cos^{2} (x)}) \frac{\cos (x)}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.4

运用分配律。

$- \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos^{2} (x)} \cdot \frac{\cos (x)}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} - \frac{1}{\cos^{2} (x)} \cdot \frac{\cos (x)}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.5

约去 $\cos (x)$ 的公因数。

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解题步骤 8.4.5.1

将 $- \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos^{2} (x)}$ 中前置负号移到分子中。

$\frac{- \sin (x)}{\cos^{2} (x)} \cdot \frac{\cos (x)}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} - \frac{1}{\cos^{2} (x)} \cdot \frac{\cos (x)}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.5.2

从 $\cos^{2} (x)$ 中分解出因数 $\cos (x)$ 。

$\frac{- \sin (x)}{\cos (x) \cos (x)} \cdot \frac{\cos (x)}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} - \frac{1}{\cos^{2} (x)} \cdot \frac{\cos (x)}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.5.3

约去公因数。

解题步骤 8.4.5.4

重写表达式。

$\frac{- \sin (x)}{\cos (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} - \frac{1}{\cos^{2} (x)} \cdot \frac{\cos (x)}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.6

将 $\frac{- \sin (x)}{\cos (x)}$ 乘以 $\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}}$ 。

$\frac{- \sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos^{2} (x)} \cdot \frac{\cos (x)}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.7

约去 $\cos (x)$ 的公因数。

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解题步骤 8.4.7.1

将 $- \frac{1}{\cos^{2} (x)}$ 中前置负号移到分子中。

$\frac{- \sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} + \frac{- 1}{\cos^{2} (x)} \cdot \frac{\cos (x)}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.7.2

从 $\cos^{2} (x)$ 中分解出因数 $\cos (x)$ 。

$\frac{- \sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} + \frac{- 1}{\cos (x) \cos (x)} \cdot \frac{\cos (x)}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.7.3

约去公因数。

解题步骤 8.4.7.4

重写表达式。

$\frac{- \sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} + \frac{- 1}{\cos (x)} \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.8

将 $\frac{- 1}{\cos (x)}$ 乘以 $\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}}$ 。

$\frac{- \sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} + \frac{- 1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.9

化简每一项。

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解题步骤 8.4.9.1

将负号移到分数的前面。

$- \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} + \frac{- 1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.9.2

将负号移到分数的前面。

$- \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} + \sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.10

化简每一项。

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解题步骤 8.4.10.1

将 $\sec (x)$ 重写为正弦和余弦形式。

$- \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \tan (x))$

解题步骤 8.4.10.2

将 $\tan (x)$ 重写为正弦和余弦形式。

$- \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})$

解题步骤 8.5

要将 $\sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})$ 写成带有公分母的分数，请乘以 $\frac{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$ 。

$- \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cdot \frac{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.6

组合 $\sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})$ 和 $\frac{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$ 。

$- \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} + \frac{\sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) (\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}))}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.7

在公分母上合并分子。

$\frac{- \sin (x) + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) (\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}))}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.8

化简分子。

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解题步骤 8.8.1

从 $- \sin (x) + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})$ 中分解出因数 $\sin (x)$ 。

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解题步骤 8.8.1.1

从 $- \sin (x)$ 中分解出因数 $\sin (x)$ 。

$\frac{\sin (x) \cdot - 1 + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.8.1.2

从 $\sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})$ 中分解出因数 $\sin (x)$ 。

$\frac{\sin (x) \cdot - 1 + \sin (x) (\ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}))}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.8.1.3

从 $\sin (x) \cdot - 1 + \sin (x) (\ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}))$ 中分解出因数 $\sin (x)$ 。

$\frac{\sin (x) (- 1 + \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}))}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.8.2

运用分配律。

$\frac{\sin (x) (- 1 + \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cos (x) \frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cos (x) \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.8.3

约去 $\cos (x)$ 的公因数。

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解题步骤 8.8.3.1

从 $\ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cos (x)$ 中分解出因数 $\cos (x)$ 。

$\frac{\sin (x) (- 1 + \cos (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cos (x) \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.8.3.2

约去公因数。

解题步骤 8.8.3.3

重写表达式。

$\frac{\sin (x) (- 1 + \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cos (x) \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.8.4

约去 $\cos (x)$ 的公因数。

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解题步骤 8.8.4.1

从 $\ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \cos (x)$ 中分解出因数 $\cos (x)$ 。

$\frac{\sin (x) (- 1 + \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \cos (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.8.4.2

约去公因数。

解题步骤 8.8.4.3

重写表达式。

$\frac{\sin (x) (- 1 + \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \sin (x))}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})} - \frac{1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.9

在公分母上合并分子。

$\frac{\sin (x) (- 1 + \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \sin (x)) - 1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.10

化简分子。

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解题步骤 8.10.1

运用分配律。

$\frac{\sin (x) \cdot - 1 + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \sin (x) (\ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \sin (x)) - 1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.10.2

化简。

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解题步骤 8.10.2.1

将 $- 1$ 移到 $\sin (x)$ 的左侧。

$\frac{- 1 \cdot \sin (x) + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \sin (x) (\ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \sin (x)) - 1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.10.2.2

乘以 $\sin (x) (\ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) \sin (x))$ 。

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解题步骤 8.10.2.2.1

对 $\sin (x)$ 进行 $1$ 次方运算。

$\frac{- 1 \cdot \sin (x) + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \sin^{1} (x) \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) - 1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.10.2.2.2

对 $\sin (x)$ 进行 $1$ 次方运算。

$\frac{- 1 \cdot \sin (x) + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \sin^{1} (x) \sin^{1} (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) - 1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.10.2.2.3

使用幂法则 $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ 合并指数。

$\frac{- 1 \cdot \sin (x) + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + {\sin (x)}^{1 + 1} \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) - 1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.10.2.2.4

将 $1$ 和 $1$ 相加。

$\frac{- 1 \cdot \sin (x) + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \sin^{2} (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) - 1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.10.3

将 $- 1 \sin (x)$ 重写为 $- \sin (x)$ 。

$\frac{- \sin (x) + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \sin^{2} (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) - 1}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.10.4

以因式分解的形式重写 $- \sin (x) + \sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \sin^{2} (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) - 1$ 。

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解题步骤 8.10.4.1

重新排序项。

$\frac{\sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \sin^{2} (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) - 1 - \sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.10.4.2

从每组中因式分解出最大公因数。

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解题步骤 8.10.4.2.1

将首两项和最后两项分成两组。

$\frac{(\sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) + \sin^{2} (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})) - 1 - \sin (x)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.10.4.2.2

从每组中因式分解出最大公因数 (GCF)。

$\frac{\sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) (1 + \sin (x)) - 1 (1 + \sin (x))}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.10.4.3

通过因式分解出最大公因数 $1 + \sin (x)$ 来因式分解多项式。

$\frac{(1 + \sin (x)) (\sin (x) \ln (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) - 1)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.11

化简每一项。

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解题步骤 8.11.1

将 $\frac{1}{\cos (x)}$ 转换成 $\sec (x)$ 。

$\frac{(1 + \sin (x)) (\sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}) - 1)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.11.2

将 $\frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}$ 转换成 $\tan (x)$ 。

$\frac{(1 + \sin (x)) (\sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) - 1)}{\cos (x) (\frac{1}{\cos (x)} + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.12

化简每一项。

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解题步骤 8.12.1

将 $\frac{1}{\cos (x)}$ 转换成 $\sec (x)$ 。

$\frac{(1 + \sin (x)) (\sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) - 1)}{\cos (x) (\sec (x) + \frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)})}$

解题步骤 8.12.2

将 $\frac{\sin (x)}{\cos (x)}$ 转换成 $\tan (x)$ 。

$\frac{(1 + \sin (x)) (\sin (x) \ln (\sec (x) + \tan (x)) - 1)}{\cos (x) (\sec (x) + \tan (x))}$

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