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Конечная математика Примеры
[1012-2-1300]⎡⎢⎣1012−2−1300⎤⎥⎦
Этап 1
Этап 1.1
Choose the row or column with the most 00 elements. If there are no 00 elements choose any row or column. Multiply every element in column 22 by its cofactor and add.
Этап 1.1.1
Consider the corresponding sign chart.
|+-+-+-+-+|∣∣
∣∣+−+−+−+−+∣∣
∣∣
Этап 1.1.2
The cofactor is the minor with the sign changed if the indices match a -− position on the sign chart.
Этап 1.1.3
The minor for a12a12 is the determinant with row 11 and column 22 deleted.
|2-130|∣∣∣2−130∣∣∣
Этап 1.1.4
Multiply element a12a12 by its cofactor.
0|2-130|0∣∣∣2−130∣∣∣
Этап 1.1.5
The minor for a22a22 is the determinant with row 22 and column 22 deleted.
|1130|∣∣∣1130∣∣∣
Этап 1.1.6
Multiply element a22a22 by its cofactor.
-2|1130|−2∣∣∣1130∣∣∣
Этап 1.1.7
The minor for a32a32 is the determinant with row 33 and column 22 deleted.
|112-1|∣∣∣112−1∣∣∣
Этап 1.1.8
Multiply element a32a32 by its cofactor.
0|112-1|0∣∣∣112−1∣∣∣
Этап 1.1.9
Add the terms together.
0|2-130|-2|1130|+0|112-1|0∣∣∣2−130∣∣∣−2∣∣∣1130∣∣∣+0∣∣∣112−1∣∣∣
0|2-130|-2|1130|+0|112-1|0∣∣∣2−130∣∣∣−2∣∣∣1130∣∣∣+0∣∣∣112−1∣∣∣
Этап 1.2
Умножим 00 на |2-130|∣∣∣2−130∣∣∣.
0-2|1130|+0|112-1|0−2∣∣∣1130∣∣∣+0∣∣∣112−1∣∣∣
Этап 1.3
Умножим 00 на |112-1|∣∣∣112−1∣∣∣.
0-2|1130|+00−2∣∣∣1130∣∣∣+0
Этап 1.4
Найдем значение |1130|∣∣∣1130∣∣∣.
Этап 1.4.1
Определитель матрицы 2×22×2 можно найти, используя формулу |abcd|=ad-cb∣∣∣abcd∣∣∣=ad−cb.
0-2(1⋅0-3⋅1)+00−2(1⋅0−3⋅1)+0
Этап 1.4.2
Упростим определитель.
Этап 1.4.2.1
Упростим каждый член.
Этап 1.4.2.1.1
Умножим 00 на 11.
0-2(0-3⋅1)+00−2(0−3⋅1)+0
Этап 1.4.2.1.2
Умножим -3−3 на 11.
0-2(0-3)+00−2(0−3)+0
0-2(0-3)+00−2(0−3)+0
Этап 1.4.2.2
Вычтем 33 из 00.
0-2⋅-3+00−2⋅−3+0
0-2⋅-3+00−2⋅−3+0
0-2⋅-3+00−2⋅−3+0
Этап 1.5
Упростим определитель.
Этап 1.5.1
Умножим -2−2 на -3−3.
0+6+00+6+0
Этап 1.5.2
Добавим 00 и 66.
6+06+0
Этап 1.5.3
Добавим 66 и 00.
66
66
66
Этап 2
Since the determinant is non-zero, the inverse exists.
Этап 3
Set up a 3×63×6 matrix where the left half is the original matrix and the right half is its identity matrix.
[1011002-2-1010300001]⎡⎢⎣1011002−2−1010300001⎤⎥⎦
Этап 4
Этап 4.1
Perform the row operation R2=R2-2R1R2=R2−2R1 to make the entry at 2,12,1 a 00.
Этап 4.1.1
Perform the row operation R2=R2-2R1R2=R2−2R1 to make the entry at 2,12,1 a 00.
[1011002-2⋅1-2-2⋅0-1-2⋅10-2⋅11-2⋅00-2⋅0300001]⎡⎢⎣1011002−2⋅1−2−2⋅0−1−2⋅10−2⋅11−2⋅00−2⋅0300001⎤⎥⎦
Этап 4.1.2
Упростим R2R2.
[1011000-2-3-210300001]⎡⎢⎣1011000−2−3−210300001⎤⎥⎦
[1011000-2-3-210300001]⎡⎢⎣1011000−2−3−210300001⎤⎥⎦
Этап 4.2
Perform the row operation R3=R3-3R1R3=R3−3R1 to make the entry at 3,13,1 a 00.
Этап 4.2.1
Perform the row operation R3=R3-3R1R3=R3−3R1 to make the entry at 3,13,1 a 00.
[1011000-2-3-2103-3⋅10-3⋅00-3⋅10-3⋅10-3⋅01-3⋅0]⎡⎢⎣1011000−2−3−2103−3⋅10−3⋅00−3⋅10−3⋅10−3⋅01−3⋅0⎤⎥⎦
Этап 4.2.2
Упростим R3R3.
[1011000-2-3-21000-3-301]
[1011000-2-3-21000-3-301]
Этап 4.3
Multiply each element of R2 by -12 to make the entry at 2,2 a 1.
Этап 4.3.1
Multiply each element of R2 by -12 to make the entry at 2,2 a 1.
[101100-12⋅0-12⋅-2-12⋅-3-12⋅-2-12⋅1-12⋅000-3-301]
Этап 4.3.2
Упростим R2.
[10110001321-12000-3-301]
[10110001321-12000-3-301]
Этап 4.4
Multiply each element of R3 by -13 to make the entry at 3,3 a 1.
Этап 4.4.1
Multiply each element of R3 by -13 to make the entry at 3,3 a 1.
[10110001321-120-13⋅0-13⋅0-13⋅-3-13⋅-3-13⋅0-13⋅1]
Этап 4.4.2
Упростим R3.
[10110001321-12000110-13]
[10110001321-12000110-13]
Этап 4.5
Perform the row operation R2=R2-32R3 to make the entry at 2,3 a 0.
Этап 4.5.1
Perform the row operation R2=R2-32R3 to make the entry at 2,3 a 0.
[1011000-32⋅01-32⋅032-32⋅11-32⋅1-12-32⋅00-32(-13)00110-13]
Этап 4.5.2
Упростим R2.
[101100010-12-121200110-13]
[101100010-12-121200110-13]
Этап 4.6
Perform the row operation R1=R1-R3 to make the entry at 1,3 a 0.
Этап 4.6.1
Perform the row operation R1=R1-R3 to make the entry at 1,3 a 0.
[1-00-01-11-10-00+13010-12-121200110-13]
Этап 4.6.2
Упростим R1.
[1000013010-12-121200110-13]
[1000013010-12-121200110-13]
[1000013010-12-121200110-13]
Этап 5
The right half of the reduced row echelon form is the inverse.
[0013-12-121210-13]