Cálculo Exemplos

$\cos^{4} (x) - \sin^{4} (x)$

Etapa 1

Escreva $\cos^{4} (x) - \sin^{4} (x)$ como uma função.

$f (x) = \cos^{4} (x) - \sin^{4} (x)$

Etapa 2

É possível determinar a função $F (x)$ encontrando a integral indefinida da derivada $f (x)$ .

$F (x) = \int f (x) d x$

Etapa 3

Estabeleça a integral para resolver.

$F (x) = \int \cos^{4} (x) - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 4

Divida a integral única em várias integrais.

$\int \cos^{4} (x) d x + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 5

Simplifique com fatoração.

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Etapa 5.1

Fatore $2$ de $4$ .

$\int {\cos (x)}^{2 (2)} d x + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 5.2

Reescreva ${\cos (x)}^{2 (2)}$ como exponenciação.

$\int {(\cos^{2} (x))}^{2} d x + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 6

Use a fórmula do arco metade para reescrever $\cos^{2} (x)$ como $\frac{1 + \cos (2 x)}{2}$ .

$\int {(\frac{1 + \cos (2 x)}{2})}^{2} d x + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 7

Deixe $u_{1} = 2 x$ . Depois, $d u_{1} = 2 d x$ , então, $\frac{1}{2} d u_{1} = d x$ . Reescreva usando $u_{1}$ e $d$ $u_{1}$ .

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Etapa 7.1

Deixe $u_{1} = 2 x$ . Encontre $\frac{d u_{1}}{d x}$ .

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Etapa 7.1.1

Diferencie $2 x$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [2 x]$

Etapa 7.1.2

Como $2$ é constante em relação a $x$ , a derivada de $2 x$ em relação a $x$ é $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$

Etapa 7.1.3

Diferencie usando a regra da multiplicação de potências, que determina que $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ é $n x^{n - 1}$ , em que $n = 1$ .

$2 \cdot 1$

Etapa 7.1.4

Multiplique $2$ por $1$ .

$2$

Etapa 7.2

Reescreva o problema usando $u_{1}$ e $d u_{1}$ .

$\int {(\frac{1 + \cos (u_{1})}{2})}^{2} \frac{1}{2} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 8

Como $\frac{1}{2}$ é constante com relação a $u_{1}$ , mova $\frac{1}{2}$ para fora da integral.

$\frac{1}{2} \int {(\frac{1 + \cos (u_{1})}{2})}^{2} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9

Simplifique os termos.

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Etapa 9.1

Reescreva $\frac{1 + \cos (u_{1})}{2}$ como um produto.

$\frac{1}{2} \int {(\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 + \cos (u_{1})))}^{2} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2

Expanda ${(\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 + \cos (u_{1})))}^{2}$ .

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Etapa 9.2.1

Reescreva a exponenciação como um produto.

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 + \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 + \cos (u_{1}))) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.2

Aplique a propriedade distributiva.

$\frac{1}{2} \int (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 + \cos (u_{1}))) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.3

Aplique a propriedade distributiva.

$\frac{1}{2} \int (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.4

Aplique a propriedade distributiva.

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.5

Aplique a propriedade distributiva.

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.6

Aplique a propriedade distributiva.

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.7

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.8

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.9

Mova $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.10

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.11

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.12

Mova $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.13

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.14

Multiplique $1$ por $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.15

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.16

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{2 \cdot 2} + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.17

Multiplique $2$ por $2$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.18

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.19

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{2 \cdot 2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.20

Multiplique $2$ por $2$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.21

Combine $\frac{1}{4}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.22

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.23

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.24

Multiplique $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2}$ por $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2 \cdot 2} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.25

Multiplique $2$ por $2$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.26

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.27

Multiplique $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2}$ por $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2 \cdot 2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.28

Multiplique $2$ por $2$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.29

Combine $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1}) \cos (u_{1})}{4} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.30

Eleve $\cos (u_{1})$ à potência de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos^{1} (u_{1}) \cos (u_{1})}{4} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.31

Eleve $\cos (u_{1})$ à potência de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos^{1} (u_{1}) \cos^{1} (u_{1})}{4} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.32

Use a regra da multiplicação de potências $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ para combinar expoentes.

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{{\cos (u_{1})}^{1 + 1}}{4} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.33

Some $1$ e $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{4} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.34

Some $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4}$ e $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + 2 \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{4} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.35

Combine $2$ e $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{2 \cos (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{4} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.36

Reordene $\frac{2 \cos (u_{1})}{4}$ e $\frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{4}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{2 \cos (u_{1})}{4} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.2.37

Reordene $\frac{1}{4}$ e $\frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{4}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{2 \cos (u_{1})}{4} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.3

Cancele o fator comum de $2$ e $4$ .

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Etapa 9.3.1

Fatore $2$ de $2 \cos (u_{1})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{2 (\cos (u_{1}))}{4} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.3.2

Cancele os fatores comuns.

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Etapa 9.3.2.1

Fatore $2$ de $4$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{2 \cos (u_{1})}{2 \cdot 2} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.3.2.2

Cancele o fator comum.

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{2 \cos (u_{1})}{2 \cdot 2} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 9.3.2.3

Reescreva a expressão.

$\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{4} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1} + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 10

Divida a integral única em várias integrais.

$\frac{1}{2} (\int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 11

Como $\frac{1}{4}$ é constante com relação a $u_{1}$ , mova $\frac{1}{4}$ para fora da integral.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{4} \int \cos^{2} (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 12

Use a fórmula do arco metade para reescrever $\cos^{2} (u_{1})$ como $\frac{1 + \cos (2 u_{1})}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{4} \int \frac{1 + \cos (2 u_{1})}{2} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 13

Como $\frac{1}{2}$ é constante com relação a $u_{1}$ , mova $\frac{1}{2}$ para fora da integral.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{4} (\frac{1}{2} \int 1 + \cos (2 u_{1}) d u_{1}) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 14

Simplifique.

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Etapa 14.1

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2 \cdot 4} \int 1 + \cos (2 u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 14.2

Multiplique $2$ por $4$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} \int 1 + \cos (2 u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 15

Divida a integral única em várias integrais.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (\int d u_{1} + \int \cos (2 u_{1}) d u_{1}) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 16

Aplique a regra da constante.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \int \cos (2 u_{1}) d u_{1}) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 17

Deixe $u_{2} = 2 u_{1}$ . Depois, $d u_{2} = 2 d u_{1}$ , então, $\frac{1}{2} d u_{2} = d u_{1}$ . Reescreva usando $u_{2}$ e $d$ $u_{2}$ .

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Etapa 17.1

Deixe $u_{2} = 2 u_{1}$ . Encontre $\frac{d u_{2}}{d u_{1}}$ .

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Etapa 17.1.1

Diferencie $2 u_{1}$ .

$\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [2 u_{1}]$

Etapa 17.1.2

Como $2$ é constante em relação a $u_{1}$ , a derivada de $2 u_{1}$ em relação a $u_{1}$ é $2 \frac{d}{d u_{1}} [u_{1}]$ .

$2 \frac{d}{d u_{1}} [u_{1}]$

Etapa 17.1.3

Diferencie usando a regra da multiplicação de potências, que determina que $\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{n}]$ é $n {u_{1}}^{n - 1}$ , em que $n = 1$ .

$2 \cdot 1$

Etapa 17.1.4

Multiplique $2$ por $1$ .

$2$

Etapa 17.2

Reescreva o problema usando $u_{2}$ e $d u_{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \int \cos (u_{2}) \frac{1}{2} d u_{2}) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 18

Combine $\cos (u_{2})$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \int \frac{\cos (u_{2})}{2} d u_{2}) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 19

Como $\frac{1}{2}$ é constante com relação a $u_{2}$ , mova $\frac{1}{2}$ para fora da integral.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} \int \cos (u_{2}) d u_{2}) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 20

A integral de $\cos (u_{2})$ com relação a $u_{2}$ é $\sin (u_{2})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{1} + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 21

Aplique a regra da constante.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{1}{4} u_{1} + C + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 22

Combine $\frac{1}{4}$ e $u_{1}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{2} d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 23

Como $\frac{1}{2}$ é constante com relação a $u_{1}$ , mova $\frac{1}{2}$ para fora da integral.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} \int \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 24

A integral de $\cos (u_{1})$ com relação a $u_{1}$ é $\sin (u_{1})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) + \int - \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 25

Como $- 1$ é constante com relação a $x$ , mova $- 1$ para fora da integral.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \int \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Etapa 26

Simplifique com fatoração.

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Etapa 26.1

Fatore $2$ de $4$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \int {\sin (x)}^{2 (2)} d x$

Etapa 26.2

Reescreva ${\sin (x)}^{2 (2)}$ como exponenciação.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \int {(\sin^{2} (x))}^{2} d x$

Etapa 27

Use a fórmula do arco metade para reescrever $\sin^{2} (x)$ como $\frac{1 - \cos (2 x)}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \int {(\frac{1 - \cos (2 x)}{2})}^{2} d x$

Etapa 28

Deixe $u_{3} = 2 x$ . Depois, $d u_{3} = 2 d x$ , então, $\frac{1}{2} d u_{3} = d x$ . Reescreva usando $u_{3}$ e $d$ $u_{3}$ .

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Etapa 28.1

Deixe $u_{3} = 2 x$ . Encontre $\frac{d u_{3}}{d x}$ .

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Etapa 28.1.1

Diferencie $2 x$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [2 x]$

Etapa 28.1.2

Como $2$ é constante em relação a $x$ , a derivada de $2 x$ em relação a $x$ é $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$

Etapa 28.1.3

Diferencie usando a regra da multiplicação de potências, que determina que $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ é $n x^{n - 1}$ , em que $n = 1$ .

$2 \cdot 1$

Etapa 28.1.4

Multiplique $2$ por $1$ .

$2$

Etapa 28.2

Reescreva o problema usando $u_{3}$ e $d u_{3}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \int {(\frac{1 - \cos (u_{3})}{2})}^{2} \frac{1}{2} d u_{3}$

Etapa 29

Como $\frac{1}{2}$ é constante com relação a $u_{3}$ , mova $\frac{1}{2}$ para fora da integral.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - (\frac{1}{2} \int {(\frac{1 - \cos (u_{3})}{2})}^{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 30

Simplifique multiplicando.

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Etapa 30.1

Reescreva $\frac{1 - \cos (u_{3})}{2}$ como um produto.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int {(\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{3})))}^{2} d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2

Expanda ${(\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{3})))}^{2}$ .

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Etapa 30.2.1

Reescreva a exponenciação como um produto.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.2

Aplique a propriedade distributiva.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.3

Aplique a propriedade distributiva.

Etapa 30.2.4

Aplique a propriedade distributiva.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.5

Aplique a propriedade distributiva.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.6

Aplique a propriedade distributiva.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.7

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.8

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.9

Mova $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.10

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.11

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $- 1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3})) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.12

Mova os parênteses.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{3}) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.13

Mova $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.14

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $- 1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.15

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.16

Mova $\cos (u_{3})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 \cos (u_{3}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.17

Mova $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.18

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $- 1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{3}))) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.19

Reordene $\frac{1}{2}$ e $- 1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3})) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.20

Mova os parênteses.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.21

Mova $\cos (u_{3})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot - 1 \cos (u_{3}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.22

Mova $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.23

Multiplique $1$ por $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.24

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.25

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{2 \cdot 2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.26

Multiplique $2$ por $2$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.27

Multiplique $- 1$ por $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.28

Combine $- \frac{1}{2}$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{2 \cdot 2} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.29

Multiplique $2$ por $2$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{3}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.30

Combine $\frac{1}{4}$ e $\cos (u_{3})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.31

Multiplique $- 1$ por $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.32

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ e $\cos (u_{3})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.33

Combine $- \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2}$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2 \cdot 2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.34

Multiplique $2$ por $2$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.35

Multiplique $- 1$ por $- 1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} + 1 (\frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.36

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.37

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ e $\cos (u_{3})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.38

Multiplique $\frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2}$ por $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2 \cdot 2} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.39

Multiplique $2$ por $2$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.40

Combine $\frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4}$ e $\cos (u_{3})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{\cos (u_{3}) \cos (u_{3})}{4} d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.41

Eleve $\cos (u_{3})$ à potência de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{\cos^{1} (u_{3}) \cos (u_{3})}{4} d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.42

Eleve $\cos (u_{3})$ à potência de $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{\cos^{1} (u_{3}) \cos^{1} (u_{3})}{4} d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.43

Use a regra da multiplicação de potências $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ para combinar expoentes.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{{\cos (u_{3})}^{1 + 1}}{4} d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.44

Some $1$ e $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{3})}{4} d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.45

Subtraia $\frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4}$ de $- \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} - 2 \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{3})}{4} d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.46

Combine $- 2$ e $\frac{\cos (u_{3})}{4}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{3})}{4} d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.47

Reordene $\frac{- 2 \cos (u_{3})}{4}$ e $\frac{\cos^{2} (u_{3})}{4}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{4} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{3})}{4} d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.2.48

Reordene $\frac{1}{4}$ e $\frac{\cos^{2} (u_{3})}{4}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{3})}{4} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{3})}{4} d u_{3}$

Etapa 30.3

Simplifique.

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Etapa 30.3.1

Cancele o fator comum de $- 2$ e $4$ .

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Etapa 30.3.1.1

Fatore $2$ de $- 2 \cos (u_{3})$ .

Etapa 30.3.1.2

Cancele os fatores comuns.

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Etapa 30.3.1.2.1

Fatore $2$ de $4$ .

Etapa 30.3.1.2.2

Cancele o fator comum.

Etapa 30.3.1.2.3

Reescreva a expressão.

Etapa 30.3.2

Mova o número negativo para a frente da fração.

Etapa 31

Divida a integral única em várias integrais.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{3})}{4} d u_{3} + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{3} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 32

Como $\frac{1}{4}$ é constante com relação a $u_{3}$ , mova $\frac{1}{4}$ para fora da integral.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{4} \int \cos^{2} (u_{3}) d u_{3} + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{3} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 33

Use a fórmula do arco metade para reescrever $\cos^{2} (u_{3})$ como $\frac{1 + \cos (2 u_{3})}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{4} \int \frac{1 + \cos (2 u_{3})}{2} d u_{3} + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{3} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 34

Como $\frac{1}{2}$ é constante com relação a $u_{3}$ , mova $\frac{1}{2}$ para fora da integral.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{4} (\frac{1}{2} \int 1 + \cos (2 u_{3}) d u_{3}) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{3} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 35

Simplifique.

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Etapa 35.1

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2 \cdot 4} \int 1 + \cos (2 u_{3}) d u_{3} + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{3} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 35.2

Multiplique $2$ por $4$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} \int 1 + \cos (2 u_{3}) d u_{3} + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{3} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 36

Divida a integral única em várias integrais.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (\int d u_{3} + \int \cos (2 u_{3}) d u_{3}) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{3} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 37

Aplique a regra da constante.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + C + \int \cos (2 u_{3}) d u_{3}) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{3} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 38

Deixe $u_{4} = 2 u_{3}$ . Depois, $d u_{4} = 2 d u_{3}$ , então, $\frac{1}{2} d u_{4} = d u_{3}$ . Reescreva usando $u_{4}$ e $d$ $u_{4}$ .

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Etapa 38.1

Deixe $u_{4} = 2 u_{3}$ . Encontre $\frac{d u_{4}}{d u_{3}}$ .

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Etapa 38.1.1

Diferencie $2 u_{3}$ .

$\frac{d}{d u_{3}} [2 u_{3}]$

Etapa 38.1.2

Como $2$ é constante em relação a $u_{3}$ , a derivada de $2 u_{3}$ em relação a $u_{3}$ é $2 \frac{d}{d u_{3}} [u_{3}]$ .

$2 \frac{d}{d u_{3}} [u_{3}]$

Etapa 38.1.3

Diferencie usando a regra da multiplicação de potências, que determina que $\frac{d}{d u_{3}} [{u_{3}}^{n}]$ é $n {u_{3}}^{n - 1}$ , em que $n = 1$ .

$2 \cdot 1$

Etapa 38.1.4

Multiplique $2$ por $1$ .

$2$

Etapa 38.2

Reescreva o problema usando $u_{4}$ e $d u_{4}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + C + \int \cos (u_{4}) \frac{1}{2} d u_{4}) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{3} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 39

Combine $\cos (u_{4})$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + C + \int \frac{\cos (u_{4})}{2} d u_{4}) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{3} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 40

Como $\frac{1}{2}$ é constante com relação a $u_{4}$ , mova $\frac{1}{2}$ para fora da integral.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + C + \frac{1}{2} \int \cos (u_{4}) d u_{4}) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{3} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 41

A integral de $\cos (u_{4})$ com relação a $u_{4}$ é $\sin (u_{4})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{4}) + C)) + \int \frac{1}{4} d u_{3} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 42

Aplique a regra da constante.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{4}) + C)) + \frac{1}{4} u_{3} + C + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 43

Combine $\frac{1}{4}$ e $u_{3}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{4}) + C)) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} + C + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 44

Como $- 1$ é constante com relação a $u_{3}$ , mova $- 1$ para fora da integral.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{4}) + C)) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} + C - \int \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3})$

Etapa 45

Como $\frac{1}{2}$ é constante com relação a $u_{3}$ , mova $\frac{1}{2}$ para fora da integral.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{4}) + C)) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} + C - (\frac{1}{2} \int \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}))$

Etapa 46

A integral de $\cos (u_{3})$ com relação a $u_{3}$ é $\sin (u_{3})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{2}) + C)) + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{4}) + C)) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} + C - \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{3}) + C))$

Etapa 47

Simplifique.

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Etapa 47.1

Simplifique.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{1}}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{u_{1}}{4} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{4})) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{3})) + C$

Etapa 47.2

Simplifique.

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Etapa 47.2.1

Para escrever $\frac{u_{1}}{4}$ como fração com um denominador comum, multiplique por $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{1}}{8} + \frac{u_{1}}{4} \cdot \frac{2}{2} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{4})) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{3})) + C$

Etapa 47.2.2

Escreva cada expressão com um denominador comum de $8$ , multiplicando cada um por um fator apropriado de $1$ .

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Etapa 47.2.2.1

Multiplique $\frac{u_{1}}{4}$ por $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{1}}{8} + \frac{u_{1} \cdot 2}{4 \cdot 2} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{4})) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{3})) + C$

Etapa 47.2.2.2

Multiplique $4$ por $2$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{1}}{8} + \frac{u_{1} \cdot 2}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{4})) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{3})) + C$

Etapa 47.2.3

Combine os numeradores em relação ao denominador comum.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{1} + u_{1} \cdot 2}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{4})) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{3})) + C$

Etapa 47.2.4

Mova $2$ para a esquerda de $u_{1}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{1} + 2 \cdot u_{1}}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{4})) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{3})) + C$

Etapa 47.2.5

Some $u_{1}$ e $2 u_{1}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 u_{1}}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{4})) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{3})) + C$

Etapa 47.2.6

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ e $\sin (u_{4})$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 u_{1}}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2}) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \sin (u_{3})) + C$

Etapa 47.2.7

Combine $\sin (u_{3})$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 u_{1}}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2}) + \frac{u_{3}}{4} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{2}) + C$

Etapa 47.2.8

Para escrever $\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2})$ como fração com um denominador comum, multiplique por $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 u_{1}}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{3}}{4} + \frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2}) \cdot \frac{2}{2} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{2}) + C$

Etapa 47.2.9

Combine $\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2})$ e $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 u_{1}}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{3}}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2}) \cdot 2}{2} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{2}) + C$

Etapa 47.2.10

Combine os numeradores em relação ao denominador comum.

Etapa 47.2.11

Combine $2$ e $\frac{1}{8}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 u_{1}}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{3}}{4} + \frac{\frac{2}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2}) - \sin (u_{3})}{2}) + C$

Etapa 47.2.12

Cancele o fator comum de $2$ e $8$ .

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Etapa 47.2.12.1

Fatore $2$ de $2$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 u_{1}}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{3}}{4} + \frac{\frac{2 (1)}{8} (u_{3} + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2}) - \sin (u_{3})}{2}) + C$

Etapa 47.2.12.2

Cancele os fatores comuns.

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Etapa 47.2.12.2.1

Fatore $2$ de $8$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 u_{1}}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{3}}{4} + \frac{\frac{2 \cdot 1}{2 \cdot 4} (u_{3} + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2}) - \sin (u_{3})}{2}) + C$

Etapa 47.2.12.2.2

Cancele o fator comum.

Etapa 47.2.12.2.3

Reescreva a expressão.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 u_{1}}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (u_{1})}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{3}}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (u_{3} + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2}) - \sin (u_{3})}{2}) + C$

Etapa 48

Substitua novamente para cada variável de substituição de integração.

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Etapa 48.1

Substitua todas as ocorrências de $u_{1}$ por $2 x$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 (2 x)}{8} + \frac{\sin (u_{2})}{16} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{3}}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (u_{3} + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2}) - \sin (u_{3})}{2}) + C$

Etapa 48.2

Substitua todas as ocorrências de $u_{2}$ por $2 u_{1}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 (2 x)}{8} + \frac{\sin (2 u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{u_{3}}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (u_{3} + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2}) - \sin (u_{3})}{2}) + C$

Etapa 48.3

Substitua todas as ocorrências de $u_{3}$ por $2 x$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 (2 x)}{8} + \frac{\sin (2 u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (u_{4})}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 48.4

Substitua todas as ocorrências de $u_{4}$ por $2 u_{3}$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 (2 x)}{8} + \frac{\sin (2 u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 u_{3})}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 48.5

Substitua todas as ocorrências de $u_{1}$ por $2 x$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 (2 x)}{8} + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{16} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 u_{3})}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 48.6

Substitua todas as ocorrências de $u_{3}$ por $2 x$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 (2 x)}{8} + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{16} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49

Simplifique.

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Etapa 49.1

Simplifique cada termo.

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Etapa 49.1.1

Cancele o fator comum de $2$ e $8$ .

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Etapa 49.1.1.1

Fatore $2$ de $3 (2 x)$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 (3 (x))}{8} + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{16} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.1.1.2

Cancele os fatores comuns.

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Etapa 49.1.1.2.1

Fatore $2$ de $8$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 (3 (x))}{2 \cdot 4} + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{16} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.1.1.2.2

Cancele o fator comum.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 (3 (x))}{2 \cdot 4} + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{16} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.1.1.2.3

Reescreva a expressão.

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 (x)}{4} + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{16} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.1.2

Multiplique $2$ por $2$ .

$\frac{1}{2} (\frac{3 x}{4} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{16} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}) - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.2

Aplique a propriedade distributiva.

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{3 x}{4} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\sin (4 x)}{16} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.3

Simplifique.

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Etapa 49.3.1

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{3 x}{4}$ .

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Etapa 49.3.1.1

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $\frac{3 x}{4}$ .

$\frac{3 x}{2 \cdot 4} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\sin (4 x)}{16} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.3.1.2

Multiplique $2$ por $4$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\sin (4 x)}{16} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.3.2

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\sin (4 x)}{16}$ .

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Etapa 49.3.2.1

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $\frac{\sin (4 x)}{16}$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{2 \cdot 16} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.3.2.2

Multiplique $2$ por $16$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.3.3

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}$ .

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Etapa 49.3.3.1

Multiplique $\frac{1}{2}$ por $\frac{\sin (2 x)}{2}$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{2 \cdot 2} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.3.3.2

Multiplique $2$ por $2$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4

Simplifique cada termo.

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Etapa 49.4.1

Cancele o fator comum de $2$ e $4$ .

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Etapa 49.4.1.1

Fatore $2$ de $2 x$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 (x)}{4} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4.1.2

Cancele os fatores comuns.

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Etapa 49.4.1.2.1

Fatore $2$ de $4$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{2 \cdot 2} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4.1.2.2

Cancele o fator comum.

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{2 x}{2 \cdot 2} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4.1.2.3

Reescreva a expressão.

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4.2

Multiplique $2$ por $2$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{2}) - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4.3

Simplifique o numerador.

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Etapa 49.4.3.1

Aplique a propriedade distributiva.

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{4} (2 x) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\sin (4 x)}{2} - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4.3.2

Cancele o fator comum de $2$ .

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Etapa 49.4.3.2.1

Fatore $2$ de $4$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{2 (2)} (2 x) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\sin (4 x)}{2} - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4.3.2.2

Fatore $2$ de $2 x$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{2 (2)} (2 (x)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\sin (4 x)}{2} - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4.3.2.3

Cancele o fator comum.

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{2 \cdot 2} (2 x) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\sin (4 x)}{2} - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4.3.2.4

Reescreva a expressão.

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{2} x + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\sin (4 x)}{2} - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4.3.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ e $x$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\frac{x}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\sin (4 x)}{2} - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4.3.4

Multiplique $\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\sin (4 x)}{2}$ .

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Etapa 49.4.3.4.1

Multiplique $\frac{1}{4}$ por $\frac{\sin (4 x)}{2}$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{4 \cdot 2} - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.4.3.4.2

Multiplique $4$ por $2$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} (\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\frac{x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{8} - \sin (2 x)}{2}) + C$

Etapa 49.5

Combine os numeradores em relação ao denominador comum.

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{x + \frac{x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{8} - \sin (2 x)}{2} + C$

Etapa 49.6

Para escrever $x$ como fração com um denominador comum, multiplique por $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{x \cdot \frac{2}{2} + \frac{x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{8} - \sin (2 x)}{2} + C$

Etapa 49.7

Combine $x$ e $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{x \cdot 2}{2} + \frac{x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{8} - \sin (2 x)}{2} + C$

Etapa 49.8

Combine os numeradores em relação ao denominador comum.

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{x \cdot 2 + x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{8} - \sin (2 x)}{2} + C$

Etapa 49.9

Some $x \cdot 2$ e $x$ .

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Etapa 49.9.1

Reordene $x$ e $2$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{2 \cdot x + x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{8} - \sin (2 x)}{2} + C$

Etapa 49.9.2

Some $2 \cdot x$ e $x$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{3 \cdot x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{8} - \sin (2 x)}{2} + C$

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{3 x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{8} - \sin (2 x)}{2} + C$

Etapa 49.10

Multiplique $- \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{3 x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{8} - \sin (2 x)}{2}$ .

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Etapa 49.10.1

Multiplique $\frac{\frac{3 x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{8} - \sin (2 x)}{2}$ por $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{\frac{3 x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{8} - \sin (2 x)}{2 \cdot 2} + C$

Etapa 49.10.2

Multiplique $2$ por $2$ .

$\frac{3 x}{8} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{32} + \frac{\sin (2 x)}{4} - \frac{\frac{3 x}{2} + \frac{\sin (4 x)}{8} - \sin (2 x)}{4} + C$

Etapa 50

Reordene os termos.

$\frac{3}{8} x + \frac{1}{32} \sin (4 x) + \frac{1}{4} \sin (2 x) - \frac{1}{4} (\frac{3}{2} x + \frac{1}{8} \sin (4 x) - \sin (2 x)) + C$

Etapa 51

A resposta é a primitiva da função $f (x) = \cos^{4} (x) - \sin^{4} (x)$ .

$F (x) =$ $\frac{3}{8} x + \frac{1}{32} \sin (4 x) + \frac{1}{4} \sin (2 x) - \frac{1}{4} (\frac{3}{2} x + \frac{1}{8} \sin (4 x) - \sin (2 x)) + C$