Matemática discreta Exemplos

[\begin{array}{c} - 3 & 6 & - 1 & 1 & - 7 \\ 1 & - 2 & 2 & 3 & - 1 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} - 3 & 6 & - 1 & 1 & - 7 \\ 1 & - 2 & 2 & 3 & - 1 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 \end{array}]$

Etapa 1

Escreva como uma matriz aumentada para

A x = 0

$A x = 0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} - 3 & 6 & - 1 & 1 & - 7 & 0 \\ 1 & - 2 & 2 & 3 & - 1 & 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} - 3 & 6 & - 1 & 1 & - 7 & 0 \\ 1 & - 2 & 2 & 3 & - 1 & 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 2

Encontre a forma escalonada reduzida por linhas.

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Etapa 2.1

Multiplique cada elemento de

R_{1}

$R_{1}$ por

- \frac{1}{3}

$- \frac{1}{3}$ para tornar a entrada em

1, 1

$1, 1$ um

1

$1$ .

Toque para ver mais passagens...

Etapa 2.1.1

Multiplique cada elemento de

R_{1}

$R_{1}$ por

- \frac{1}{3}

$- \frac{1}{3}$ para tornar a entrada em

1, 1

$1, 1$ um

1

$1$ .

[\begin{array}{c} - \frac{1}{3} \cdot - 3 & - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 6 & - \frac{1}{3} \cdot - 1 & - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 1 & - \frac{1}{3} \cdot - 7 & - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 0 \\ 1 & - 2 & 2 & 3 & - 1 & 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} - \frac{1}{3} \cdot - 3 & - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 6 & - \frac{1}{3} \cdot - 1 & - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 1 & - \frac{1}{3} \cdot - 7 & - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 0 \\ 1 & - 2 & 2 & 3 & - 1 & 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 2.1.2

Simplifique

R_{1}

$R_{1}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 1 & - 2 & 2 & 3 & - 1 & 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 1 & - 2 & 2 & 3 & - 1 & 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 1 & - 2 & 2 & 3 & - 1 & 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 1 & - 2 & 2 & 3 & - 1 & 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 2.2

Execute a operação de linha

R_{2} = R_{2} - R_{1}

$R_{2} = R_{2} - R_{1}$ para transformar a entrada em

2, 1

$2, 1$ em

0

$0$ .

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Etapa 2.2.1

Execute a operação de linha

R_{2} = R_{2} - R_{1}

$R_{2} = R_{2} - R_{1}$ para transformar a entrada em

2, 1

$2, 1$ em

0

$0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 1 - 1 & - 2 + 2 & 2 - \frac{1}{3} & 3 + \frac{1}{3} & - 1 - \frac{7}{3} & 0 - 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 1 - 1 & - 2 + 2 & 2 - \frac{1}{3} & 3 + \frac{1}{3} & - 1 - \frac{7}{3} & 0 - 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 2.2.2

Simplifique

R_{2}

$R_{2}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{5}{3} & \frac{10}{3} & - \frac{10}{3} & 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{5}{3} & \frac{10}{3} & - \frac{10}{3} & 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{5}{3} & \frac{10}{3} & - \frac{10}{3} & 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{5}{3} & \frac{10}{3} & - \frac{10}{3} & 0 \\ 2 & - 4 & 5 & 8 & - 4 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 2.3

Execute a operação de linha

R_{3} = R_{3} - 2 R_{1}

$R_{3} = R_{3} - 2 R_{1}$ para transformar a entrada em

3, 1

$3, 1$ em

0

$0$ .

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Etapa 2.3.1

Execute a operação de linha

R_{3} = R_{3} - 2 R_{1}

$R_{3} = R_{3} - 2 R_{1}$ para transformar a entrada em

3, 1

$3, 1$ em

0

$0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{5}{3} & \frac{10}{3} & - \frac{10}{3} & 0 \\ 2 - 2 \cdot 1 & - 4 - 2 \cdot - 2 & 5 - 2 (\frac{1}{3}) & 8 - 2 (- \frac{1}{3}) & - 4 - 2 (\frac{7}{3}) & 0 - 2 \cdot 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{5}{3} & \frac{10}{3} & - \frac{10}{3} & 0 \\ 2 - 2 \cdot 1 & - 4 - 2 \cdot - 2 & 5 - 2 (\frac{1}{3}) & 8 - 2 (- \frac{1}{3}) & - 4 - 2 (\frac{7}{3}) & 0 - 2 \cdot 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 2.3.2

Simplifique

R_{3}

$R_{3}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{5}{3} & \frac{10}{3} & - \frac{10}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{13}{3} & \frac{26}{3} & - \frac{26}{3} & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{5}{3} & \frac{10}{3} & - \frac{10}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{13}{3} & \frac{26}{3} & - \frac{26}{3} & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{5}{3} & \frac{10}{3} & - \frac{10}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{13}{3} & \frac{26}{3} & - \frac{26}{3} & 0 \end{array}]

Etapa 2.4

Multiplique cada elemento de

R_{2}

$R_{2}$ por

\frac{3}{5}

$\frac{3}{5}$ para tornar a entrada em

2, 3

$2, 3$ um

1

$1$ .

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Etapa 2.4.1

Multiplique cada elemento de

R_{2}

$R_{2}$ por

\frac{3}{5}

$\frac{3}{5}$ para tornar a entrada em

2, 3

$2, 3$ um

1

$1$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ \frac{3}{5} \cdot 0 & \frac{3}{5} \cdot 0 & \frac{3}{5} \cdot \frac{5}{3} & \frac{3}{5} \cdot \frac{10}{3} & \frac{3}{5} (- \frac{10}{3}) & \frac{3}{5} \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{13}{3} & \frac{26}{3} & - \frac{26}{3} & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ \frac{3}{5} \cdot 0 & \frac{3}{5} \cdot 0 & \frac{3}{5} \cdot \frac{5}{3} & \frac{3}{5} \cdot \frac{10}{3} & \frac{3}{5} (- \frac{10}{3}) & \frac{3}{5} \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{13}{3} & \frac{26}{3} & - \frac{26}{3} & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 2.4.2

Simplifique

R_{2}

$R_{2}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{13}{3} & \frac{26}{3} & - \frac{26}{3} & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{13}{3} & \frac{26}{3} & - \frac{26}{3} & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{13}{3} & \frac{26}{3} & - \frac{26}{3} & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & \frac{13}{3} & \frac{26}{3} & - \frac{26}{3} & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 2.5

Execute a operação de linha

R_{3} = R_{3} - \frac{13}{3} R_{2}

$R_{3} = R_{3} - \frac{13}{3} R_{2}$ para transformar a entrada em

3, 3

$3, 3$ em

0

$0$ .

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Etapa 2.5.1

Execute a operação de linha

R_{3} = R_{3} - \frac{13}{3} R_{2}

$R_{3} = R_{3} - \frac{13}{3} R_{2}$ para transformar a entrada em

3, 3

$3, 3$ em

0

$0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 - \frac{13}{3} \cdot 0 & 0 - \frac{13}{3} \cdot 0 & \frac{13}{3} - \frac{13}{3} \cdot 1 & \frac{26}{3} - \frac{13}{3} \cdot 2 & - \frac{26}{3} - \frac{13}{3} \cdot - 2 & 0 - \frac{13}{3} \cdot 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 - \frac{13}{3} \cdot 0 & 0 - \frac{13}{3} \cdot 0 & \frac{13}{3} - \frac{13}{3} \cdot 1 & \frac{26}{3} - \frac{13}{3} \cdot 2 & - \frac{26}{3} - \frac{13}{3} \cdot - 2 & 0 - \frac{13}{3} \cdot 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 2.5.2

Simplifique

R_{3}

$R_{3}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & \frac{1}{3} & - \frac{1}{3} & \frac{7}{3} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 2.6

Execute a operação de linha

R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{1}{3} R_{2}

$R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{1}{3} R_{2}$ para transformar a entrada em

1, 3

$1, 3$ em

0

$0$ .

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Etapa 2.6.1

Execute a operação de linha

R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{1}{3} R_{2}

$R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{1}{3} R_{2}$ para transformar a entrada em

1, 3

$1, 3$ em

0

$0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 0 & - 2 - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 0 & \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 1 & - \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 2 & \frac{7}{3} - \frac{1}{3} \cdot - 2 & 0 - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 0 & - 2 - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 0 & \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 1 & - \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 2 & \frac{7}{3} - \frac{1}{3} \cdot - 2 & 0 - \frac{1}{3} \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 2.6.2

Simplifique

R_{1}

$R_{1}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & 0 & - 1 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & 0 & - 1 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & 0 & - 1 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & 0 & - 1 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & 0 & - 1 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & - 2 & 0 & - 1 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 2 & - 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 3

Use a matriz de resultados para declarar a solução final ao sistema de equações.

x_{1} - 2 x_{2} - x_{4} + 3 x_{5} = 0

$x_{1} - 2 x_{2} - x_{4} + 3 x_{5} = 0$

x_{3} + 2 x_{4} - 2 x_{5} = 0

$x_{3} + 2 x_{4} - 2 x_{5} = 0$

0 = 0

$0 = 0$

Etapa 4

Escreva um vetor de solução resolvendo em termos das variáveis livres em cada linha.

[\begin{array}{c} x_{1} \\ x_{2} \\ x_{3} \\ x_{4} \\ x_{5} \end{array}] = [\begin{array}{c} 2 x_{2} + x_{4} - 3 x_{5} \\ x_{2} \\ - 2 x_{4} + 2 x_{5} \\ x_{4} \\ x_{5} \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} x_{1} \\ x_{2} \\ x_{3} \\ x_{4} \\ x_{5} \end{array}] = [\begin{array}{c} 2 x_{2} + x_{4} - 3 x_{5} \\ x_{2} \\ - 2 x_{4} + 2 x_{5} \\ x_{4} \\ x_{5} \end{array}]$

Etapa 5

Escreva a solução como uma combinação linear de vetores.

[\begin{array}{c} x_{1} \\ x_{2} \\ x_{3} \\ x_{4} \\ x_{5} \end{array}] = x_{2} [\begin{array}{c} 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}] + x_{4} [\begin{array}{c} 1 \\ 0 \\ - 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{array}] + x_{5} [\begin{array}{c} - 3 \\ 0 \\ 2 \\ 0 \\ 1 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} x_{1} \\ x_{2} \\ x_{3} \\ x_{4} \\ x_{5} \end{array}] = x_{2} [\begin{array}{c} 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}] + x_{4} [\begin{array}{c} 1 \\ 0 \\ - 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{array}] + x_{5} [\begin{array}{c} - 3 \\ 0 \\ 2 \\ 0 \\ 1 \end{array}]$

Etapa 6

Escreva como um conjunto de soluções.

{x_{2} [\begin{array}{c} 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}] + x_{4} [\begin{array}{c} 1 \\ 0 \\ - 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{array}] + x_{5} [\begin{array}{c} - 3 \\ 0 \\ 2 \\ 0 \\ 1 \end{array}] | x_{2}, x_{4}, x_{5} \in R}

${x_{2} [\begin{array}{c} 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}] + x_{4} [\begin{array}{c} 1 \\ 0 \\ - 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{array}] + x_{5} [\begin{array}{c} - 3 \\ 0 \\ 2 \\ 0 \\ 1 \end{array}] | x_{2}, x_{4}, x_{5} \in R}$

Etapa 7

A solução é o conjunto de vetores criados a partir das variáveis livres do sistema.

{[\begin{array}{c} 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}], [\begin{array}{c} 1 \\ 0 \\ - 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{array}], [\begin{array}{c} - 3 \\ 0 \\ 2 \\ 0 \\ 1 \end{array}]}

${[\begin{array}{c} 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}], [\begin{array}{c} 1 \\ 0 \\ - 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{array}], [\begin{array}{c} - 3 \\ 0 \\ 2 \\ 0 \\ 1 \end{array}]}$

Etapa 8

Verifique se os vetores são linearmente independentes.

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Etapa 8.1

Liste os vetores.

[\begin{array}{c} 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}], [\begin{array}{c} 1 \\ 0 \\ - 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{array}], [\begin{array}{c} - 3 \\ 0 \\ 2 \\ 0 \\ 1 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}], [\begin{array}{c} 1 \\ 0 \\ - 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{array}], [\begin{array}{c} - 3 \\ 0 \\ 2 \\ 0 \\ 1 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.2

Escreva os vetores como uma matriz.

[\begin{array}{c} 2 & 1 & - 3 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 2 & 1 & - 3 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.3

Para determinar se as colunas na matriz são linearmente dependentes, determine se a equação

A x = 0

$A x = 0$ tem alguma solução não trivial.

Etapa 8.4

Escreva como uma matriz aumentada para

A x = 0

$A x = 0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 2 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 2 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5

Encontre a forma escalonada reduzida por linhas.

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Etapa 8.5.1

Multiplique cada elemento de

R_{1}

$R_{1}$ por

\frac{1}{2}

$\frac{1}{2}$ para tornar a entrada em

1, 1

$1, 1$ um

1

$1$ .

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Etapa 8.5.1.1

Multiplique cada elemento de

R_{1}

$R_{1}$ por

\frac{1}{2}

$\frac{1}{2}$ para tornar a entrada em

1, 1

$1, 1$ um

1

$1$ .

[\begin{array}{c} \frac{2}{2} & \frac{1}{2} & \frac{- 3}{2} & \frac{0}{2} \\ 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} \frac{2}{2} & \frac{1}{2} & \frac{- 3}{2} & \frac{0}{2} \\ 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.1.2

Simplifique

R_{1}

$R_{1}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.2

Execute a operação de linha

R_{2} = R_{2} - R_{1}

$R_{2} = R_{2} - R_{1}$ para transformar a entrada em

2, 1

$2, 1$ em

0

$0$ .

Toque para ver mais passagens...

Etapa 8.5.2.1

Execute a operação de linha

R_{2} = R_{2} - R_{1}

$R_{2} = R_{2} - R_{1}$ para transformar a entrada em

2, 1

$2, 1$ em

0

$0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 1 - 1 & 0 - \frac{1}{2} & 0 + \frac{3}{2} & 0 - 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 1 - 1 & 0 - \frac{1}{2} & 0 + \frac{3}{2} & 0 - 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.2.2

Simplifique

R_{2}

$R_{2}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & - \frac{1}{2} & \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & - \frac{1}{2} & \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & - \frac{1}{2} & \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & - \frac{1}{2} & \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.3

Multiplique cada elemento de

R_{2}

$R_{2}$ por

- 2

$- 2$ para tornar a entrada em

2, 2

$2, 2$ um

1

$1$ .

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Etapa 8.5.3.1

Multiplique cada elemento de

R_{2}

$R_{2}$ por

- 2

$- 2$ para tornar a entrada em

2, 2

$2, 2$ um

1

$1$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ - 2 \cdot 0 & - 2 (- \frac{1}{2}) & - 2 (\frac{3}{2}) & - 2 \cdot 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ - 2 \cdot 0 & - 2 (- \frac{1}{2}) & - 2 (\frac{3}{2}) & - 2 \cdot 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.3.2

Simplifique

R_{2}

$R_{2}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & - 2 & 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.4

Execute a operação de linha

R_{3} = R_{3} + 2 R_{2}

$R_{3} = R_{3} + 2 R_{2}$ para transformar a entrada em

3, 2

$3, 2$ em

0

$0$ .

Toque para ver mais passagens...

Etapa 8.5.4.1

Execute a operação de linha

R_{3} = R_{3} + 2 R_{2}

$R_{3} = R_{3} + 2 R_{2}$ para transformar a entrada em

3, 2

$3, 2$ em

0

$0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 + 2 \cdot 0 & - 2 + 2 \cdot 1 & 2 + 2 \cdot - 3 & 0 + 2 \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 + 2 \cdot 0 & - 2 + 2 \cdot 1 & 2 + 2 \cdot - 3 & 0 + 2 \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.4.2

Simplifique

R_{3}

$R_{3}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & - 4 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & - 4 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & - 4 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & - 4 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.5

Execute a operação de linha

R_{4} = R_{4} - R_{2}

$R_{4} = R_{4} - R_{2}$ para transformar a entrada em

4, 2

$4, 2$ em

0

$0$ .

Toque para ver mais passagens...

Etapa 8.5.5.1

Execute a operação de linha

R_{4} = R_{4} - R_{2}

$R_{4} = R_{4} - R_{2}$ para transformar a entrada em

4, 2

$4, 2$ em

0

$0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & - 4 & 0 \\ 0 - 0 & 1 - 1 & 0 + 3 & 0 - 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & - 4 & 0 \\ 0 - 0 & 1 - 1 & 0 + 3 & 0 - 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.5.2

Simplifique

R_{4}

$R_{4}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & - 4 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & - 4 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & - 4 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & - 4 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.6

Multiplique cada elemento de

R_{3}

$R_{3}$ por

- \frac{1}{4}

$- \frac{1}{4}$ para tornar a entrada em

3, 3

$3, 3$ um

1

$1$ .

Toque para ver mais passagens...

Etapa 8.5.6.1

Multiplique cada elemento de

R_{3}

$R_{3}$ por

- \frac{1}{4}

$- \frac{1}{4}$ para tornar a entrada em

3, 3

$3, 3$ um

1

$1$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ - \frac{1}{4} \cdot 0 & - \frac{1}{4} \cdot 0 & - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 4 & - \frac{1}{4} \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ - \frac{1}{4} \cdot 0 & - \frac{1}{4} \cdot 0 & - \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 4 & - \frac{1}{4} \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.6.2

Simplifique

R_{3}

$R_{3}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.7

Execute a operação de linha

R_{4} = R_{4} - 3 R_{3}

$R_{4} = R_{4} - 3 R_{3}$ para transformar a entrada em

4, 3

$4, 3$ em

0

$0$ .

Toque para ver mais passagens...

Etapa 8.5.7.1

Execute a operação de linha

R_{4} = R_{4} - 3 R_{3}

$R_{4} = R_{4} - 3 R_{3}$ para transformar a entrada em

4, 3

$4, 3$ em

0

$0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 - 3 \cdot 0 & 0 - 3 \cdot 0 & 3 - 3 \cdot 1 & 0 - 3 \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 - 3 \cdot 0 & 0 - 3 \cdot 0 & 3 - 3 \cdot 1 & 0 - 3 \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.7.2

Simplifique

R_{4}

$R_{4}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.8

Execute a operação de linha

R_{5} = R_{5} - R_{3}

$R_{5} = R_{5} - R_{3}$ para transformar a entrada em

5, 3

$5, 3$ em

0

$0$ .

Toque para ver mais passagens...

Etapa 8.5.8.1

Execute a operação de linha

R_{5} = R_{5} - R_{3}

$R_{5} = R_{5} - R_{3}$ para transformar a entrada em

5, 3

$5, 3$ em

0

$0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 - 0 & 0 - 0 & 1 - 1 & 0 - 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 - 0 & 0 - 0 & 1 - 1 & 0 - 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.8.2

Simplifique

R_{5}

$R_{5}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & - 3 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.9

Execute a operação de linha

R_{2} = R_{2} + 3 R_{3}

$R_{2} = R_{2} + 3 R_{3}$ para transformar a entrada em

2, 3

$2, 3$ em

0

$0$ .

Toque para ver mais passagens...

Etapa 8.5.9.1

Execute a operação de linha

R_{2} = R_{2} + 3 R_{3}

$R_{2} = R_{2} + 3 R_{3}$ para transformar a entrada em

2, 3

$2, 3$ em

0

$0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 + 3 \cdot 0 & 1 + 3 \cdot 0 & - 3 + 3 \cdot 1 & 0 + 3 \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 + 3 \cdot 0 & 1 + 3 \cdot 0 & - 3 + 3 \cdot 1 & 0 + 3 \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.9.2

Simplifique

R_{2}

$R_{2}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & - \frac{3}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.10

Execute a operação de linha

R_{1} = R_{1} + \frac{3}{2} R_{3}

$R_{1} = R_{1} + \frac{3}{2} R_{3}$ para transformar a entrada em

1, 3

$1, 3$ em

0

$0$ .

Toque para ver mais passagens...

Etapa 8.5.10.1

Execute a operação de linha

R_{1} = R_{1} + \frac{3}{2} R_{3}

$R_{1} = R_{1} + \frac{3}{2} R_{3}$ para transformar a entrada em

1, 3

$1, 3$ em

0

$0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 + \frac{3}{2} \cdot 0 & \frac{1}{2} + \frac{3}{2} \cdot 0 & - \frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{2} \cdot 1 & 0 + \frac{3}{2} \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 + \frac{3}{2} \cdot 0 & \frac{1}{2} + \frac{3}{2} \cdot 0 & - \frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{2} \cdot 1 & 0 + \frac{3}{2} \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.10.2

Simplifique

R_{1}

$R_{1}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{1}{2} & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.11

Execute a operação de linha

R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{1}{2} R_{2}

$R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{1}{2} R_{2}$ para transformar a entrada em

1, 2

$1, 2$ em

0

$0$ .

Toque para ver mais passagens...

Etapa 8.5.11.1

Execute a operação de linha

R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{1}{2} R_{2}

$R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{1}{2} R_{2}$ para transformar a entrada em

1, 2

$1, 2$ em

0

$0$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 - \frac{1}{2} \cdot 0 & \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 & 0 - \frac{1}{2} \cdot 0 & 0 - \frac{1}{2} \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 - \frac{1}{2} \cdot 0 & \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 & 0 - \frac{1}{2} \cdot 0 & 0 - \frac{1}{2} \cdot 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.5.11.2

Simplifique

R_{1}

$R_{1}$ .

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.6

Remova as linhas que são todas zeros.

[\begin{array}{c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \end{array}]$

Etapa 8.7

Escreva a matriz como um sistema de equações lineares.

x = 0

$x = 0$

y = 0

$y = 0$

z = 0

$z = 0$

Etapa 8.8

Como a única solução para

A x = 0

$A x = 0$ é a solução trivial, os vetores são linearmente independentes.

Linearmente independente

Etapa 9

Como os vetores são linearmente independentes, eles formam uma base para o espaço nulo da matriz.

Base de

Nul (A)

$Nul (A)$ :

{[\begin{array}{c} 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}], [\begin{array}{c} 1 \\ 0 \\ - 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{array}], [\begin{array}{c} - 3 \\ 0 \\ 2 \\ 0 \\ 1 \end{array}]}

${[\begin{array}{c} 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array}], [\begin{array}{c} 1 \\ 0 \\ - 2 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{array}], [\begin{array}{c} - 3 \\ 0 \\ 2 \\ 0 \\ 1 \end{array}]}$

Dimensão de

Nul (A)

$Nul (A)$ :

3

$3$

Insira SEU problema