Precalculus Examples

$\sin^{4} (3 x)$

Step 1

Apply the sine triple-angle identity.

${(- 4 \sin^{3} (x) + 3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 2

Use the Binomial Theorem.

${(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{4} + 4 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{3} (3 \sin (x)) + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3

Simplify each term.

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Step 3.1

Apply the product rule to $- 4 \sin^{3} (x)$ .

${(- 4)}^{4} {(\sin^{3} (x))}^{4} + 4 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{3} (3 \sin (x)) + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.2

Raise $- 4$ to the power of $4$ .

$256 {(\sin^{3} (x))}^{4} + 4 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{3} (3 \sin (x)) + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.3

Multiply the exponents in ${(\sin^{3} (x))}^{4}$ .

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Step 3.3.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$256 {\sin (x)}^{3 \cdot 4} + 4 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{3} (3 \sin (x)) + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.3.2

Multiply $3$ by $4$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) + 4 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{3} (3 \sin (x)) + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.4

Apply the product rule to $- 4 \sin^{3} (x)$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) + 4 ({(- 4)}^{3} {(\sin^{3} (x))}^{3}) (3 \sin (x)) + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.5

Raise $- 4$ to the power of $3$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) + 4 (- 64 {(\sin^{3} (x))}^{3}) (3 \sin (x)) + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.6

Multiply the exponents in ${(\sin^{3} (x))}^{3}$ .

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Step 3.6.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) + 4 (- 64 {\sin (x)}^{3 \cdot 3}) (3 \sin (x)) + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.6.2

Multiply $3$ by $3$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) + 4 (- 64 \sin^{9} (x)) (3 \sin (x)) + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.7

Multiply $\sin^{9} (x)$ by $\sin (x)$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 3.7.1

Move $\sin (x)$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) + 4 (- 64 (\sin (x) \sin^{9} (x))) \cdot 3 + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.7.2

Multiply $\sin (x)$ by $\sin^{9} (x)$ .

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Step 3.7.2.1

Raise $\sin (x)$ to the power of $1$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) + 4 (- 64 (\sin^{1} (x) \sin^{9} (x))) \cdot 3 + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.7.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$256 \sin^{12} (x) + 4 (- 64 {\sin (x)}^{1 + 9}) \cdot 3 + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.7.3

Add $1$ and $9$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) + 4 (- 64 \sin^{10} (x)) \cdot 3 + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.8

Multiply $- 64$ by $4$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 256 \sin^{10} (x) \cdot 3 + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.9

Multiply $3$ by $- 256$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 6 {(- 4 \sin^{3} (x))}^{2} {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.10

Apply the product rule to $- 4 \sin^{3} (x)$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 6 ({(- 4)}^{2} {(\sin^{3} (x))}^{2}) {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.11

Raise $- 4$ to the power of $2$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 6 (16 {(\sin^{3} (x))}^{2}) {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.12

Multiply the exponents in ${(\sin^{3} (x))}^{2}$ .

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Step 3.12.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 6 (16 {\sin (x)}^{3 \cdot 2}) {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.12.2

Multiply $3$ by $2$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 6 (16 \sin^{6} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.13

Multiply $16$ by $6$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 96 \sin^{6} (x) {(3 \sin (x))}^{2} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.14

Apply the product rule to $3 \sin (x)$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 96 \sin^{6} (x) (3^{2} \sin^{2} (x)) + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.15

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 96 \cdot 3^{2} \sin^{6} (x) \sin^{2} (x) + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.16

Multiply $\sin^{6} (x)$ by $\sin^{2} (x)$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 3.16.1

Move $\sin^{2} (x)$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 96 \cdot 3^{2} (\sin^{2} (x) \sin^{6} (x)) + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.16.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 96 \cdot 3^{2} {\sin (x)}^{2 + 6} + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.16.3

Add $2$ and $6$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 96 \cdot 3^{2} \sin^{8} (x) + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.17

Raise $3$ to the power of $2$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 96 \cdot 9 \sin^{8} (x) + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.18

Multiply $96$ by $9$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 864 \sin^{8} (x) + 4 (- 4 \sin^{3} (x)) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.19

Multiply $- 4$ by $4$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 864 \sin^{8} (x) - 16 \sin^{3} (x) {(3 \sin (x))}^{3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.20

Apply the product rule to $3 \sin (x)$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 864 \sin^{8} (x) - 16 \sin^{3} (x) (3^{3} \sin^{3} (x)) + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.21

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 864 \sin^{8} (x) - 16 \cdot 3^{3} \sin^{3} (x) \sin^{3} (x) + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.22

Multiply $\sin^{3} (x)$ by $\sin^{3} (x)$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 3.22.1

Move $\sin^{3} (x)$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 864 \sin^{8} (x) - 16 \cdot 3^{3} (\sin^{3} (x) \sin^{3} (x)) + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.22.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 864 \sin^{8} (x) - 16 \cdot 3^{3} {\sin (x)}^{3 + 3} + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.22.3

Add $3$ and $3$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 864 \sin^{8} (x) - 16 \cdot 3^{3} \sin^{6} (x) + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.23

Raise $3$ to the power of $3$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 864 \sin^{8} (x) - 16 \cdot 27 \sin^{6} (x) + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.24

Multiply $- 16$ by $27$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 864 \sin^{8} (x) - 432 \sin^{6} (x) + {(3 \sin (x))}^{4}$

Step 3.25

Apply the product rule to $3 \sin (x)$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 864 \sin^{8} (x) - 432 \sin^{6} (x) + 3^{4} \sin^{4} (x)$

Step 3.26

Raise $3$ to the power of $4$ .

$256 \sin^{12} (x) - 768 \sin^{10} (x) + 864 \sin^{8} (x) - 432 \sin^{6} (x) + 81 \sin^{4} (x)$