Precalculus Examples

${(x - y)}^{11}$

Step 1

Pascal's Triangle can be displayed as such:

$1$

$1 - 1$

$1 - 2 - 1$

$\dots$

$1 - 9 - 36 - 84 - 126 - 126 - 84 - 36 - 9 - 1$

$1 - 10 - 45 - 120 - 210 - 252 - 210 - 120 - 45 - 10 - 1$

$1 - 11 - 55 - 165 - 330 - 462 - 462 - 330 - 165 - 55 - 11 - 1$

The triangle can be used to calculate the coefficients of the expansion of ${(a + b)}^{n}$ by taking the exponent $n$ and adding $1$ . The coefficients will correspond with line $n + 1$ of the triangle. For ${(x - y)}^{11}$ , $n = 11$ so the coefficients of the expansion will correspond with line $12$ .

Step 2

The expansion follows the rule ${(a + b)}^{n} = c_{0} a^{n} b^{0} + c_{1} a^{n - 1} b^{1} + c_{n - 1} a^{1} b^{n - 1} + c_{n} a^{0} b^{n}$ . The values of the coefficients, from the triangle, are $1 - 11 - 55 - 165 - 330 - 462 - 462 - 330 - 165 - 55 - 11 - 1$ .

$1 a^{11} b^{0} + 11 a^{10} b + 55 a^{9} b^{2} + 165 a^{8} b^{3} + 330 a^{7} b^{4} + 462 a^{6} b^{5} + 462 a^{5} b^{6} + 330 a^{4} b^{7} + 165 a^{3} b^{8} + 55 a^{2} b^{9} + 11 a b^{10} + 1 a^{0} b^{11}$

Step 3

Substitute the actual values of $a$ $x$ and $b$ $- y$ into the expression.

$1 {(x)}^{11} {(- y)}^{0} + 11 {(x)}^{10} {(- y)}^{1} + 55 {(x)}^{9} {(- y)}^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4

Simplify each term.

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Step 4.1

Multiply ${(x)}^{11}$ by $1$ .

${(x)}^{11} {(- y)}^{0} + 11 {(x)}^{10} {(- y)}^{1} + 55 {(x)}^{9} {(- y)}^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.2

Apply the product rule to $- y$ .

$x^{11} ({(- 1)}^{0} y^{0}) + 11 {(x)}^{10} {(- y)}^{1} + 55 {(x)}^{9} {(- y)}^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.3

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

${(- 1)}^{0} x^{11} y^{0} + 11 {(x)}^{10} {(- y)}^{1} + 55 {(x)}^{9} {(- y)}^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.4

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$1 x^{11} y^{0} + 11 {(x)}^{10} {(- y)}^{1} + 55 {(x)}^{9} {(- y)}^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.5

Multiply $x^{11}$ by $1$ .

$x^{11} y^{0} + 11 {(x)}^{10} {(- y)}^{1} + 55 {(x)}^{9} {(- y)}^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.6

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$x^{11} \cdot 1 + 11 {(x)}^{10} {(- y)}^{1} + 55 {(x)}^{9} {(- y)}^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.7

Multiply $x^{11}$ by $1$ .

$x^{11} + 11 {(x)}^{10} {(- y)}^{1} + 55 {(x)}^{9} {(- y)}^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.8

Simplify.

$x^{11} + 11 x^{10} (- y) + 55 {(x)}^{9} {(- y)}^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.9

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{11} + 11 \cdot - 1 x^{10} y + 55 {(x)}^{9} {(- y)}^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.10

Multiply $11$ by $- 1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 {(x)}^{9} {(- y)}^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.11

Apply the product rule to $- y$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} ({(- 1)}^{2} y^{2}) + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.12

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 \cdot {(- 1)}^{2} x^{9} y^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.13

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 \cdot 1 x^{9} y^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.14

Multiply $55$ by $1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} + 165 {(x)}^{8} {(- y)}^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.15

Apply the product rule to $- y$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} + 165 x^{8} ({(- 1)}^{3} y^{3}) + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.16

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} + 165 \cdot {(- 1)}^{3} x^{8} y^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.17

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $3$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} + 165 \cdot - 1 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.18

Multiply $165$ by $- 1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 {(x)}^{7} {(- y)}^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.19

Apply the product rule to $- y$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} ({(- 1)}^{4} y^{4}) + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.20

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 \cdot {(- 1)}^{4} x^{7} y^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.21

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $4$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 \cdot 1 x^{7} y^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.22

Multiply $330$ by $1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} + 462 {(x)}^{6} {(- y)}^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.23

Apply the product rule to $- y$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} + 462 x^{6} ({(- 1)}^{5} y^{5}) + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.24

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} + 462 \cdot {(- 1)}^{5} x^{6} y^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.25

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $5$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} + 462 \cdot - 1 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.26

Multiply $462$ by $- 1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 {(x)}^{5} {(- y)}^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.27

Apply the product rule to $- y$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} ({(- 1)}^{6} y^{6}) + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.28

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 \cdot {(- 1)}^{6} x^{5} y^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.29

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $6$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 \cdot 1 x^{5} y^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.30

Multiply $462$ by $1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} + 330 {(x)}^{4} {(- y)}^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.31

Apply the product rule to $- y$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} + 330 x^{4} ({(- 1)}^{7} y^{7}) + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.32

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} + 330 \cdot {(- 1)}^{7} x^{4} y^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.33

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $7$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} + 330 \cdot - 1 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.34

Multiply $330$ by $- 1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 {(x)}^{3} {(- y)}^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.35

Apply the product rule to $- y$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} ({(- 1)}^{8} y^{8}) + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.36

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 \cdot {(- 1)}^{8} x^{3} y^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.37

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $8$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 \cdot 1 x^{3} y^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.38

Multiply $165$ by $1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} + 55 {(x)}^{2} {(- y)}^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.39

Apply the product rule to $- y$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} + 55 x^{2} ({(- 1)}^{9} y^{9}) + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.40

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} + 55 \cdot {(- 1)}^{9} x^{2} y^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.41

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $9$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} + 55 \cdot - 1 x^{2} y^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.42

Multiply $55$ by $- 1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} - 55 x^{2} y^{9} + 11 {(x)}^{1} {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.43

Simplify.

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} - 55 x^{2} y^{9} + 11 x {(- y)}^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.44

Apply the product rule to $- y$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} - 55 x^{2} y^{9} + 11 x ({(- 1)}^{10} y^{10}) + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.45

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} - 55 x^{2} y^{9} + 11 \cdot {(- 1)}^{10} x y^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.46

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $10$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} - 55 x^{2} y^{9} + 11 \cdot 1 x y^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.47

Multiply $11$ by $1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} - 55 x^{2} y^{9} + 11 x y^{10} + 1 {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.48

Multiply ${(x)}^{0}$ by $1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} - 55 x^{2} y^{9} + 11 x y^{10} + {(x)}^{0} {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.49

Anything raised to $0$ is $1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} - 55 x^{2} y^{9} + 11 x y^{10} + 1 {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.50

Multiply ${(- y)}^{11}$ by $1$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} - 55 x^{2} y^{9} + 11 x y^{10} + {(- y)}^{11}$

Step 4.51

Apply the product rule to $- y$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} - 55 x^{2} y^{9} + 11 x y^{10} + {(- 1)}^{11} y^{11}$

Step 4.52

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $11$ .

$x^{11} - 11 x^{10} y + 55 x^{9} y^{2} - 165 x^{8} y^{3} + 330 x^{7} y^{4} - 462 x^{6} y^{5} + 462 x^{5} y^{6} - 330 x^{4} y^{7} + 165 x^{3} y^{8} - 55 x^{2} y^{9} + 11 x y^{10} - y^{11}$