Precalculus Examples

$x^{2} - y^{2} - 2 x - 12 y - 36 = 0$

Step 1

Find the standard form of the hyperbola.

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Step 1.1

Add $36$ to both sides of the equation.

$x^{2} - y^{2} - 2 x - 12 y = 36$

Step 1.2

Complete the square for $x^{2} - 2 x$ .

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Step 1.2.1

Use the form $a x^{2} + b x + c$ , to find the values of $a$ , $b$ , and $c$ .

$a = 1$

$b = - 2$

$c = 0$

Step 1.2.2

Consider the vertex form of a parabola.

$a {(x + d)}^{2} + e$

Step 1.2.3

Find the value of $d$ using the formula $d = \frac{b}{2 a}$ .

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Step 1.2.3.1

Substitute the values of $a$ and $b$ into the formula $d = \frac{b}{2 a}$ .

$d = \frac{- 2}{2 \cdot 1}$

Step 1.2.3.2

Cancel the common factor of $- 2$ and $2$ .

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Step 1.2.3.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $- 2$ .

$d = \frac{2 \cdot - 1}{2 \cdot 1}$

Step 1.2.3.2.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 1.2.3.2.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $2 \cdot 1$ .

$d = \frac{2 \cdot - 1}{2 (1)}$

Step 1.2.3.2.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$d = \frac{2 \cdot - 1}{2 \cdot 1}$

Step 1.2.3.2.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$d = \frac{- 1}{1}$

Step 1.2.3.2.2.4

Divide $- 1$ by $1$ .

$d = - 1$

Step 1.2.4

Find the value of $e$ using the formula $e = c - \frac{b^{2}}{4 a}$ .

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Step 1.2.4.1

Substitute the values of $c$ , $b$ and $a$ into the formula $e = c - \frac{b^{2}}{4 a}$ .

$e = 0 - \frac{{(- 2)}^{2}}{4 \cdot 1}$

Step 1.2.4.2

Simplify the right side.

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Step 1.2.4.2.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 1.2.4.2.1.1

Raise $- 2$ to the power of $2$ .

$e = 0 - \frac{4}{4 \cdot 1}$

Step 1.2.4.2.1.2

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$e = 0 - \frac{4}{4}$

Step 1.2.4.2.1.3

Cancel the common factor of $4$ .

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Step 1.2.4.2.1.3.1

Cancel the common factor.

$e = 0 - \frac{4}{4}$

Step 1.2.4.2.1.3.2

Rewrite the expression.

$e = 0 - 1 \cdot 1$

Step 1.2.4.2.1.4

Multiply $- 1$ by $1$ .

$e = 0 - 1$

Step 1.2.4.2.2

Subtract $1$ from $0$ .

$e = - 1$

Step 1.2.5

Substitute the values of $a$ , $d$ , and $e$ into the vertex form ${(x - 1)}^{2} - 1$ .

${(x - 1)}^{2} - 1$

Step 1.3

Substitute ${(x - 1)}^{2} - 1$ for $x^{2} - 2 x$ in the equation $x^{2} - y^{2} - 2 x - 12 y = 36$ .

${(x - 1)}^{2} - 1 - y^{2} - 12 y = 36$

Step 1.4

Move $- 1$ to the right side of the equation by adding $1$ to both sides.

${(x - 1)}^{2} - y^{2} - 12 y = 36 + 1$

Step 1.5

Complete the square for $- y^{2} - 12 y$ .

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Step 1.5.1

Use the form $a x^{2} + b x + c$ , to find the values of $a$ , $b$ , and $c$ .

$a = - 1$

$b = - 12$

$c = 0$

Step 1.5.2

Consider the vertex form of a parabola.

$a {(x + d)}^{2} + e$

Step 1.5.3

Find the value of $d$ using the formula $d = \frac{b}{2 a}$ .

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Step 1.5.3.1

Substitute the values of $a$ and $b$ into the formula $d = \frac{b}{2 a}$ .

$d = \frac{- 12}{2 \cdot - 1}$

Step 1.5.3.2

Simplify the right side.

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Step 1.5.3.2.1

Cancel the common factor of $- 12$ and $2$ .

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Step 1.5.3.2.1.1

Factor $2$ out of $- 12$ .

$d = \frac{2 \cdot - 6}{2 \cdot - 1}$

Step 1.5.3.2.1.2

Move the negative one from the denominator of $\frac{- 6}{- 1}$ .

$d = - 1 \cdot - 6$

Step 1.5.3.2.2

Rewrite $- 1 \cdot - 6$ as $- - 6$ .

$d = - - 6$

Step 1.5.3.2.3

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 6$ .

$d = 6$

Step 1.5.4

Find the value of $e$ using the formula $e = c - \frac{b^{2}}{4 a}$ .

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Step 1.5.4.1

Substitute the values of $c$ , $b$ and $a$ into the formula $e = c - \frac{b^{2}}{4 a}$ .

$e = 0 - \frac{{(- 12)}^{2}}{4 \cdot - 1}$

Step 1.5.4.2

Simplify the right side.

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Step 1.5.4.2.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 1.5.4.2.1.1

Raise $- 12$ to the power of $2$ .

$e = 0 - \frac{144}{4 \cdot - 1}$

Step 1.5.4.2.1.2

Multiply $4$ by $- 1$ .

$e = 0 - \frac{144}{- 4}$

Step 1.5.4.2.1.3

Divide $144$ by $- 4$ .

$e = 0 - - 36$

Step 1.5.4.2.1.4

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 36$ .

$e = 0 + 36$

Step 1.5.4.2.2

Add $0$ and $36$ .

$e = 36$

Step 1.5.5

Substitute the values of $a$ , $d$ , and $e$ into the vertex form $- {(y + 6)}^{2} + 36$ .

$- {(y + 6)}^{2} + 36$

Step 1.6

Substitute $- {(y + 6)}^{2} + 36$ for $- y^{2} - 12 y$ in the equation $x^{2} - y^{2} - 2 x - 12 y = 36$ .

${(x - 1)}^{2} - {(y + 6)}^{2} + 36 = 36 + 1$

Step 1.7

Move $36$ to the right side of the equation by adding $36$ to both sides.

${(x - 1)}^{2} - {(y + 6)}^{2} = 36 + 1 - 36$

Step 1.8

Simplify $36 + 1 - 36$ .

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Step 1.8.1

Add $36$ and $1$ .

${(x - 1)}^{2} - {(y + 6)}^{2} = 37 - 36$

Step 1.8.2

Subtract $36$ from $37$ .

${(x - 1)}^{2} - {(y + 6)}^{2} = 1$

Step 2

This is the form of a hyperbola. Use this form to determine the values used to find vertices and asymptotes of the hyperbola.

$\frac{{(x - h)}^{2}}{a^{2}} - \frac{{(y - k)}^{2}}{b^{2}} = 1$

Step 3

Match the values in this hyperbola to those of the standard form. The variable $h$ represents the x-offset from the origin, $k$ represents the y-offset from origin, $a$ .

$a = 1$

$b = 1$

$k = - 6$

$h = 1$

Step 4

The center of a hyperbola follows the form of $(h, k)$ . Substitute in the values of $h$ and $k$ .

$(1, - 6)$

Step 5