Precalculus Examples

$\log_{4} (\sqrt[3]{\frac{16 ({(x - 3)}^{2} {(x + 5)}^{6})}{{(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)}})$

Step 1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt[3]{\frac{16 ({(x - 3)}^{2} {(x + 5)}^{6})}{{(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)}}$ as ${(\frac{16 ({(x - 3)}^{2} {(x + 5)}^{6})}{{(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)})}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ .

$\log_{4} ({(\frac{16 ({(x - 3)}^{2} {(x + 5)}^{6})}{{(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)})}^{\frac{1}{3}})$

Step 2

Expand $\log_{4} ({(\frac{16 ({(x - 3)}^{2} {(x + 5)}^{6})}{{(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)})}^{\frac{1}{3}})$ by moving $\frac{1}{3}$ outside the logarithm.

$\frac{1}{3} \log_{4} (\frac{16 ({(x - 3)}^{2} {(x + 5)}^{6})}{{(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)})$

Step 3

Remove parentheses.

$\frac{1}{3} \log_{4} (\frac{16 {(x - 3)}^{2} {(x + 5)}^{6}}{{(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)})$

Step 4

Rewrite $\log_{4} (\frac{16 {(x - 3)}^{2} {(x + 5)}^{6}}{{(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)})$ as $\log_{4} (16 {(x - 3)}^{2} {(x + 5)}^{6}) - \log_{4} ({(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3))$ .

$\frac{1}{3} (\log_{4} (16 {(x - 3)}^{2} {(x + 5)}^{6}) - \log_{4} ({(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)))$

Step 5

Rewrite $\log_{4} (16 {(x - 3)}^{2} {(x + 5)}^{6})$ as $\log_{4} (16 {(x - 3)}^{2}) + \log_{4} ({(x + 5)}^{6})$ .

$\frac{1}{3} (\log_{4} (16 {(x - 3)}^{2}) + \log_{4} ({(x + 5)}^{6}) - \log_{4} ({(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)))$

Step 6

Rewrite $\log_{4} (16 {(x - 3)}^{2})$ as $\log_{4} (16) + \log_{4} ({(x - 3)}^{2})$ .

$\frac{1}{3} (\log_{4} (16) + \log_{4} ({(x - 3)}^{2}) + \log_{4} ({(x + 5)}^{6}) - \log_{4} ({(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)))$

Step 7

Expand $\log_{4} ({(x - 3)}^{2})$ by moving $2$ outside the logarithm.

$\frac{1}{3} (\log_{4} (16) + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3) + \log_{4} ({(x + 5)}^{6}) - \log_{4} ({(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)))$

Step 8

Expand $\log_{4} ({(x + 5)}^{6})$ by moving $6$ outside the logarithm.

$\frac{1}{3} (\log_{4} (16) + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3) + 6 \log_{4} (x + 5) - \log_{4} ({(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)))$

Step 9

Logarithm base $4$ of $16$ is $2$ .

$\frac{1}{3} (2 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3) + 6 \log_{4} (x + 5) - \log_{4} ({(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3)))$

Step 10

Rewrite $\log_{4} ({(x - 1)}^{2} (x + 3))$ as $\log_{4} ({(x - 1)}^{2}) + \log_{4} (x + 3)$ .

$\frac{1}{3} (2 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3) + 6 \log_{4} (x + 5) - (\log_{4} ({(x - 1)}^{2}) + \log_{4} (x + 3)))$

Step 11

Expand $\log_{4} ({(x - 1)}^{2})$ by moving $2$ outside the logarithm.

$\frac{1}{3} (2 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3) + 6 \log_{4} (x + 5) - (2 \log_{4} (x - 1) + \log_{4} (x + 3)))$

Step 12

Simplify each term.

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Step 12.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{1}{3} (2 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3) + 6 \log_{4} (x + 5) - (2 \log_{4} (x - 1)) - \log_{4} (x + 3))$

Step 12.2

Multiply $2$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{1}{3} (2 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3) + 6 \log_{4} (x + 5) - 2 \log_{4} (x - 1) - \log_{4} (x + 3))$

Step 13

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{1}{3} \cdot 2 + \frac{1}{3} (2 \log_{4} (x - 3)) + \frac{1}{3} (6 \log_{4} (x + 5)) + \frac{1}{3} (- 2 \log_{4} (x - 1)) + \frac{1}{3} (- \log_{4} (x + 3))$

Step 14

Simplify.

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Step 14.1

Combine $\frac{1}{3}$ and $2$ .

$\frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{3} (2 \log_{4} (x - 3)) + \frac{1}{3} (6 \log_{4} (x + 5)) + \frac{1}{3} (- 2 \log_{4} (x - 1)) + \frac{1}{3} (- \log_{4} (x + 3))$

Step 14.2

Multiply $\frac{1}{3} (2 \log_{4} (x - 3))$ .

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Step 14.2.1

Combine $2$ and $\frac{1}{3}$ .

$\frac{2}{3} + \frac{2}{3} \log_{4} (x - 3) + \frac{1}{3} (6 \log_{4} (x + 5)) + \frac{1}{3} (- 2 \log_{4} (x - 1)) + \frac{1}{3} (- \log_{4} (x + 3))$

Step 14.2.2

Combine $\frac{2}{3}$ and $\log_{4} (x - 3)$ .

$\frac{2}{3} + \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 3)}{3} + \frac{1}{3} (6 \log_{4} (x + 5)) + \frac{1}{3} (- 2 \log_{4} (x - 1)) + \frac{1}{3} (- \log_{4} (x + 3))$

Step 14.3

Cancel the common factor of $3$ .

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Step 14.3.1

Factor $3$ out of $6 \log_{4} (x + 5)$ .

$\frac{2}{3} + \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 3)}{3} + \frac{1}{3} (3 (2 \log_{4} (x + 5))) + \frac{1}{3} (- 2 \log_{4} (x - 1)) + \frac{1}{3} (- \log_{4} (x + 3))$

Step 14.3.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{2}{3} + \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 3)}{3} + \frac{1}{3} (3 (2 \log_{4} (x + 5))) + \frac{1}{3} (- 2 \log_{4} (x - 1)) + \frac{1}{3} (- \log_{4} (x + 3))$

Step 14.3.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{2}{3} + \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 3)}{3} + 2 \log_{4} (x + 5) + \frac{1}{3} (- 2 \log_{4} (x - 1)) + \frac{1}{3} (- \log_{4} (x + 3))$

Step 14.4

Multiply $\frac{1}{3} (- 2 \log_{4} (x - 1))$ .

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Step 14.4.1

Combine $- 2$ and $\frac{1}{3}$ .

$\frac{2}{3} + \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 3)}{3} + 2 \log_{4} (x + 5) + \frac{- 2}{3} \log_{4} (x - 1) + \frac{1}{3} (- \log_{4} (x + 3))$

Step 14.4.2

Combine $\frac{- 2}{3}$ and $\log_{4} (x - 1)$ .

$\frac{2}{3} + \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 3)}{3} + 2 \log_{4} (x + 5) + \frac{- 2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} + \frac{1}{3} (- \log_{4} (x + 3))$

Step 14.5

Combine $\frac{1}{3}$ and $\log_{4} (x + 3)$ .

$\frac{2}{3} + \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 3)}{3} + 2 \log_{4} (x + 5) + \frac{- 2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 15

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{2}{3} + \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 3)}{3} + 2 \log_{4} (x + 5) - \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 16

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3)}{3} + 2 \log_{4} (x + 5) - \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 17

Factor $2$ out of $2 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3)$ .

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Step 17.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot 1 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3)}{3} + 2 \log_{4} (x + 5) - \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 17.2

Factor $2$ out of $2 \cdot 1 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3)$ .

$\frac{2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3))}{3} + 2 \log_{4} (x + 5) - \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 18

To write $2 \log_{4} (x + 5)$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$\frac{2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3))}{3} + 2 \log_{4} (x + 5) \cdot \frac{3}{3} - \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 19

Combine $2 \log_{4} (x + 5)$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$\frac{2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3))}{3} + \frac{2 \log_{4} (x + 5) \cdot 3}{3} - \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 20

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3)) + 2 \log_{4} (x + 5) \cdot 3}{3} - \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 21

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 21.1

Factor $2$ out of $2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3)) + 2 \log_{4} (x + 5) \cdot 3$ .

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Step 21.1.1

Factor $2$ out of $2 \log_{4} (x + 5) \cdot 3$ .

$\frac{2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3)) + 2 (\log_{4} (x + 5) \cdot 3)}{3} - \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 21.1.2

Factor $2$ out of $2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3)) + 2 (\log_{4} (x + 5) \cdot 3)$ .

$\frac{2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3) + \log_{4} (x + 5) \cdot 3)}{3} - \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 21.2

Move $3$ to the left of $\log_{4} (x + 5)$ .

$\frac{2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3) + 3 \log_{4} (x + 5))}{3} - \frac{2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 22

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3) + 3 \log_{4} (x + 5)) - 2 \log_{4} (x - 1)}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 23

Factor $2$ out of $2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3) + 3 \log_{4} (x + 5)) - 2 \log_{4} (x - 1)$ .

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Step 23.1

Factor $2$ out of $- 2 \log_{4} (x - 1)$ .

$\frac{2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3) + 3 \log_{4} (x + 5)) + 2 (- \log_{4} (x - 1))}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 23.2

Factor $2$ out of $2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3) + 3 \log_{4} (x + 5)) + 2 (- \log_{4} (x - 1))$ .

$\frac{2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3) + 3 \log_{4} (x + 5) - \log_{4} (x - 1))}{3} - \frac{\log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 24

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2 (1 + \log_{4} (x - 3) + 3 \log_{4} (x + 5) - \log_{4} (x - 1)) - \log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 25

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 25.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{2 \cdot 1 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3) + 2 (3 \log_{4} (x + 5)) + 2 (- \log_{4} (x - 1)) - \log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 25.2

Simplify.

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Step 25.2.1

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3) + 2 (3 \log_{4} (x + 5)) + 2 (- \log_{4} (x - 1)) - \log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 25.2.2

Multiply $3$ by $2$ .

$\frac{2 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3) + 6 \log_{4} (x + 5) + 2 (- \log_{4} (x - 1)) - \log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$

Step 25.2.3

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$\frac{2 + 2 \log_{4} (x - 3) + 6 \log_{4} (x + 5) - 2 \log_{4} (x - 1) - \log_{4} (x + 3)}{3}$