Precalculus Examples

${(\sqrt{3} - i)}^{8}$

Step 1

Use the Binomial Theorem.

${\sqrt{3}}^{8} + 8 {\sqrt{3}}^{7} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2

Simplify terms.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1

Simplify each term.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.1

Rewrite ${\sqrt{3}}^{8}$ as $3^{4}$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.1.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{3}$ as $3^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

${(3^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{8} + 8 {\sqrt{3}}^{7} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.1.2

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$3^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 8} + 8 {\sqrt{3}}^{7} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.1.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $8$ .

$3^{\frac{8}{2}} + 8 {\sqrt{3}}^{7} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.1.4

Cancel the common factor of $8$ and $2$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.1.4.1

Factor $2$ out of $8$ .

$3^{\frac{2 \cdot 4}{2}} + 8 {\sqrt{3}}^{7} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.1.4.2

Cancel the common factors.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.1.4.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$3^{\frac{2 \cdot 4}{2 (1)}} + 8 {\sqrt{3}}^{7} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.1.4.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$3^{\frac{2 \cdot 4}{2 \cdot 1}} + 8 {\sqrt{3}}^{7} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.1.4.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$3^{\frac{4}{1}} + 8 {\sqrt{3}}^{7} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.1.4.2.4

Divide $4$ by $1$ .

$3^{4} + 8 {\sqrt{3}}^{7} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.2

Raise $3$ to the power of $4$ .

$81 + 8 {\sqrt{3}}^{7} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.3

Rewrite ${\sqrt{3}}^{7}$ as $\sqrt{3^{7}}$ .

$81 + 8 \sqrt{3^{7}} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.4

Raise $3$ to the power of $7$ .

$81 + 8 \sqrt{2187} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.5

Rewrite $2187$ as $27^{2} \cdot 3$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.5.1

Factor $729$ out of $2187$ .

$81 + 8 \sqrt{729 (3)} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.5.2

Rewrite $729$ as $27^{2}$ .

$81 + 8 \sqrt{27^{2} \cdot 3} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.6

Pull terms out from under the radical.

$81 + 8 (27 \sqrt{3}) (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.7

Multiply $27$ by $8$ .

$81 + 216 \sqrt{3} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.8

Multiply $- 1$ by $216$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.9

Rewrite ${\sqrt{3}}^{6}$ as $3^{3}$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.9.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{3}$ as $3^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 28 {(3^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.9.2

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 3^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 6} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.9.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $6$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 3^{\frac{6}{2}} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.9.4

Cancel the common factor of $6$ and $2$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.9.4.1

Factor $2$ out of $6$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 3^{\frac{2 \cdot 3}{2}} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.9.4.2

Cancel the common factors.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.9.4.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 3^{\frac{2 \cdot 3}{2 (1)}} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.9.4.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 3^{\frac{2 \cdot 3}{2 \cdot 1}} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.9.4.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 3^{\frac{3}{1}} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.9.4.2.4

Divide $3$ by $1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 3^{3} {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.10

Raise $3$ to the power of $3$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 27 {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.11

Multiply $28$ by $27$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 756 {(- i)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.12

Apply the product rule to $- i$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 756 ({(- 1)}^{2} i^{2}) + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.13

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 756 (1 i^{2}) + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.14

Multiply $i^{2}$ by $1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 756 i^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.15

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i + 756 \cdot - 1 + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.16

Multiply $756$ by $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{5} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.17

Rewrite ${\sqrt{3}}^{5}$ as $\sqrt{3^{5}}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 56 \sqrt{3^{5}} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.18

Raise $3$ to the power of $5$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 56 \sqrt{243} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.19

Rewrite $243$ as $9^{2} \cdot 3$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.19.1

Factor $81$ out of $243$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 56 \sqrt{81 (3)} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.19.2

Rewrite $81$ as $9^{2}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 56 \sqrt{9^{2} \cdot 3} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.20

Pull terms out from under the radical.

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 56 (9 \sqrt{3}) {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.21

Multiply $9$ by $56$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{3} + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.22

Apply the product rule to $- i$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} ({(- 1)}^{3} i^{3}) + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.23

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $3$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} (- i^{3}) + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.24

Factor out $i^{2}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} (- (i^{2} \cdot i)) + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.25

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} (- (- 1 \cdot i)) + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.26

Rewrite $- 1 i$ as $- i$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} (- - i) + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.27

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} (1 i) + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.28

Multiply $i$ by $1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 70 {\sqrt{3}}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.29

Rewrite ${\sqrt{3}}^{4}$ as $3^{2}$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.29.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{3}$ as $3^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 70 {(3^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.29.2

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 70 \cdot 3^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 4} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.29.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $4$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 70 \cdot 3^{\frac{4}{2}} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.29.4

Cancel the common factor of $4$ and $2$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.29.4.1

Factor $2$ out of $4$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 70 \cdot 3^{\frac{2 \cdot 2}{2}} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.29.4.2

Cancel the common factors.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.29.4.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 70 \cdot 3^{\frac{2 \cdot 2}{2 (1)}} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.29.4.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 70 \cdot 3^{\frac{2 \cdot 2}{2 \cdot 1}} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.29.4.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 70 \cdot 3^{\frac{2}{1}} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.29.4.2.4

Divide $2$ by $1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 70 \cdot 3^{2} {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.30

Raise $3$ to the power of $2$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 70 \cdot 9 {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.31

Multiply $70$ by $9$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 {(- i)}^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.32

Apply the product rule to $- i$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 ({(- 1)}^{4} i^{4}) + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.33

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $4$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 (1 i^{4}) + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.34

Multiply $i^{4}$ by $1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 i^{4} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.35

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as $1$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.35.1

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as ${(i^{2})}^{2}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 {(i^{2})}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.35.2

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 {(- 1)}^{2} + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.35.3

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 \cdot 1 + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.36

Multiply $630$ by $1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 56 {\sqrt{3}}^{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.37

Rewrite ${\sqrt{3}}^{3}$ as $\sqrt{3^{3}}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 56 \sqrt{3^{3}} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.38

Raise $3$ to the power of $3$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 56 \sqrt{27} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.39

Rewrite $27$ as $3^{2} \cdot 3$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.39.1

Factor $9$ out of $27$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 56 \sqrt{9 (3)} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.39.2

Rewrite $9$ as $3^{2}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 56 \sqrt{3^{2} \cdot 3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.40

Pull terms out from under the radical.

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 56 (3 \sqrt{3}) {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.41

Multiply $3$ by $56$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 168 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{5} + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.42

Apply the product rule to $- i$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 168 \sqrt{3} ({(- 1)}^{5} i^{5}) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.43

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $5$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 168 \sqrt{3} (- i^{5}) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.44

Factor out $i^{4}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 168 \sqrt{3} (- (i^{4} i)) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.45

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as $1$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.45.1

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as ${(i^{2})}^{2}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 168 \sqrt{3} (- ({(i^{2})}^{2} i)) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.45.2

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 168 \sqrt{3} (- ({(- 1)}^{2} i)) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.45.3

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 168 \sqrt{3} (- (1 i)) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.46

Multiply $i$ by $1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 + 168 \sqrt{3} (- i) + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.47

Multiply $- 1$ by $168$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 28 {\sqrt{3}}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.48

Rewrite ${\sqrt{3}}^{2}$ as $3$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.48.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{3}$ as $3^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 28 {(3^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.48.2

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 3^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.48.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $2$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 3^{\frac{2}{2}} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.48.4

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.48.4.1

Cancel the common factor.

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 3^{\frac{2}{2}} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.48.4.2

Rewrite the expression.

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 3^{1} {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.48.5

Evaluate the exponent.

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 28 \cdot 3 {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.49

Multiply $28$ by $3$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 84 {(- i)}^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.50

Apply the product rule to $- i$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 84 ({(- 1)}^{6} i^{6}) + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.51

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $6$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 84 (1 i^{6}) + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.52

Multiply $i^{6}$ by $1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 84 i^{6} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.53

Factor out $i^{4}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 84 (i^{4} i^{2}) + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.54

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as $1$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.54.1

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as ${(i^{2})}^{2}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 84 ({(i^{2})}^{2} i^{2}) + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.54.2

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 84 ({(- 1)}^{2} i^{2}) + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.54.3

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 84 (1 i^{2}) + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.55

Multiply $i^{2}$ by $1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 84 i^{2} + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.56

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i + 84 \cdot - 1 + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.57

Multiply $84$ by $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} {(- i)}^{7} + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.58

Apply the product rule to $- i$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} ({(- 1)}^{7} i^{7}) + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.59

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $7$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} (- i^{7}) + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.60

Rewrite $i^{7}$ as $i^{4} (i^{2} \cdot i)$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.60.1

Factor out $i^{4}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} (- (i^{4} i^{3})) + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.60.2

Factor out $i^{2}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} (- (i^{4} (i^{2} \cdot i))) + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.61

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as $1$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.61.1

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as ${(i^{2})}^{2}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} (- ({(i^{2})}^{2} (i^{2} \cdot i))) + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.61.2

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} (- ({(- 1)}^{2} (i^{2} \cdot i))) + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.61.3

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} (- (1 (i^{2} \cdot i))) + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.62

Multiply $i^{2} \cdot i$ by $1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} (- (i^{2} \cdot i)) + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.63

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} (- (- 1 \cdot i)) + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.64

Rewrite $- 1 i$ as $- i$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} (- - i) + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.65

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} (1 i) + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.66

Multiply $i$ by $1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} i + {(- i)}^{8}$

Step 2.1.67

Apply the product rule to $- i$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} i + {(- 1)}^{8} i^{8}$

Step 2.1.68

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $8$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} i + 1 i^{8}$

Step 2.1.69

Multiply $i^{8}$ by $1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} i + i^{8}$

Step 2.1.70

Rewrite $i^{8}$ as ${(i^{4})}^{2}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} i + {(i^{4})}^{2}$

Step 2.1.71

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as $1$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.71.1

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as ${(i^{2})}^{2}$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} i + {({(i^{2})}^{2})}^{2}$

Step 2.1.71.2

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} i + {({(- 1)}^{2})}^{2}$

Step 2.1.71.3

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} i + 1^{2}$

Step 2.1.72

One to any power is one.

$81 - 216 \sqrt{3} i - 756 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} i + 1$

Step 2.2

Simplify by adding terms.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.2.1

Subtract $756$ from $81$ .

$- 216 \sqrt{3} i - 675 + 504 \sqrt{3} i + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} i + 1$

Step 2.2.2

Add $- 216 \sqrt{3} i$ and $504 \sqrt{3} i$ .

$288 \sqrt{3} i - 675 + 630 - 168 \sqrt{3} i - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} i + 1$

Step 2.2.3

Subtract $168 \sqrt{3} i$ from $288 \sqrt{3} i$ .

$120 \sqrt{3} i - 675 + 630 - 84 + 8 \sqrt{3} i + 1$

Step 2.2.4

Add $120 \sqrt{3} i$ and $8 \sqrt{3} i$ .

$128 \sqrt{3} i - 675 + 630 - 84 + 1$

Step 2.2.5

Simplify the expression.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.2.5.1

Add $- 675$ and $630$ .

$128 \sqrt{3} i - 45 - 84 + 1$

Step 2.2.5.2

Subtract $84$ from $- 45$ .

$128 \sqrt{3} i - 129 + 1$

Step 2.2.5.3

Add $- 129$ and $1$ .

$128 \sqrt{3} i - 128$

Step 2.2.5.4

Reorder $128 \sqrt{3} i$ and $- 128$ .

$- 128 + 128 \sqrt{3} i$