Precalculus Examples

(x - 3 - i) (x - 3 + i)

$(x - 3 - i) (x - 3 + i)$

Step 1

Expand

(x - 3 - i) (x - 3 + i)

$(x - 3 - i) (x - 3 + i)$ by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.

x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 + x i - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i x - i \cdot - 3 - i i

$x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 + x i - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i x - i \cdot - 3 - i i$

Step 2

Simplify terms.

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Step 2.1

Combine the opposite terms in

x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 + x i - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i x - i \cdot - 3 - i i

$x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 + x i - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i x - i \cdot - 3 - i i$ .

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Step 2.1.1

Reorder the factors in the terms

x i

$x i$ and

- i x

$- i x$ .

x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 + i x - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i x - i \cdot - 3 - i i

$x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 + i x - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i x - i \cdot - 3 - i i$

Step 2.1.2

Subtract

i x

$i x$ from

i x

$i x$ .

x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 + 0 - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i \cdot - 3 - i i

$x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 + 0 - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i \cdot - 3 - i i$

Step 2.1.3

Add

x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3

$x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3$ and

0

$0$ .

x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i \cdot - 3 - i i

$x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i \cdot - 3 - i i$

x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i \cdot - 3 - i i

$x \cdot x + x \cdot - 3 - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i \cdot - 3 - i i$

Step 2.2

Simplify each term.

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Step 2.2.1

Multiply

x

$x$ by

x

$x$ .

x^{2} + x \cdot - 3 - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i \cdot - 3 - i i

$x^{2} + x \cdot - 3 - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i \cdot - 3 - i i$

Step 2.2.2

Move

- 3

$- 3$ to the left of

x

$x$ .

x^{2} - 3 \cdot x - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i \cdot - 3 - i i

$x^{2} - 3 \cdot x - 3 x - 3 \cdot - 3 - 3 i - i \cdot - 3 - i i$

Step 2.2.3

Multiply

- 3

$- 3$ by

- 3

$- 3$ .

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i - i \cdot - 3 - i i

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i - i \cdot - 3 - i i$

Step 2.2.4

Multiply

- 3

$- 3$ by

- 1

$- 1$ .

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - i i

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - i i$

Step 2.2.5

Multiply

- i i

$- i i$ .

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Step 2.2.5.1

Raise

i

$i$ to the power of

1

$1$ .

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - (i^{1} i)

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - (i^{1} i)$

Step 2.2.5.2

Raise

i

$i$ to the power of

1

$1$ .

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - (i^{1} i^{1})

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - (i^{1} i^{1})$

Step 2.2.5.3

Use the power rule

a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}

$a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - i^{1 + 1}

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - i^{1 + 1}$

Step 2.2.5.4

Add

1

$1$ and

1

$1$ .

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - i^{2}

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - i^{2}$

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - i^{2}

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - i^{2}$

Step 2.2.6

Rewrite

i^{2}

$i^{2}$ as

- 1

$- 1$ .

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - - 1

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i - - 1$

Step 2.2.7

Multiply

- 1

$- 1$ by

- 1

$- 1$ .

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i + 1

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i + 1$

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i + 1

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i + 1$

Step 2.3

Simplify by adding terms.

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Step 2.3.1

Combine the opposite terms in

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i + 1

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 - 3 i + 3 i + 1$ .

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Step 2.3.1.1

Add

- 3 i

$- 3 i$ and

3 i

$3 i$ .

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 + 0 + 1

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 + 0 + 1$

Step 2.3.1.2

Add

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9$ and

0

$0$ .

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 + 1

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 + 1$

x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 + 1

$x^{2} - 3 x - 3 x + 9 + 1$

Step 2.3.2

Subtract

3 x

$3 x$ from

- 3 x

$- 3 x$ .

x^{2} - 6 x + 9 + 1

$x^{2} - 6 x + 9 + 1$

Step 2.3.3

Add

9

$9$ and

1

$1$ .

x^{2} - 6 x + 10

$x^{2} - 6 x + 10$

x^{2} - 6 x + 10

$x^{2} - 6 x + 10$

x^{2} - 6 x + 10

$x^{2} - 6 x + 10$