Precalculus Examples

$(x - 4) (x - (2) + 3 i) (x - (2 - 3 i))$

Step 1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$(x - 4) (x - 2 + 3 i) (x - (2 - 3 i))$

Step 2

Expand $(x - 4) (x - 2 + 3 i)$ by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.

$(x \cdot x + x \cdot - 2 + x (3 i) - 4 x - 4 \cdot - 2 - 4 (3 i)) (x - (2 - 3 i))$

Step 3

Simplify terms.

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Step 3.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 3.1.1

Multiply $x$ by $x$ .

$(x^{2} + x \cdot - 2 + x (3 i) - 4 x - 4 \cdot - 2 - 4 (3 i)) (x - (2 - 3 i))$

Step 3.1.2

Move $- 2$ to the left of $x$ .

$(x^{2} - 2 \cdot x + x (3 i) - 4 x - 4 \cdot - 2 - 4 (3 i)) (x - (2 - 3 i))$

Step 3.1.3

Move $3$ to the left of $x$ .

$(x^{2} - 2 x + 3 \cdot x i - 4 x - 4 \cdot - 2 - 4 (3 i)) (x - (2 - 3 i))$

Step 3.1.4

Multiply $- 4$ by $- 2$ .

$(x^{2} - 2 x + 3 x i - 4 x + 8 - 4 (3 i)) (x - (2 - 3 i))$

Step 3.1.5

Multiply $3$ by $- 4$ .

$(x^{2} - 2 x + 3 x i - 4 x + 8 - 12 i) (x - (2 - 3 i))$

Step 3.2

Subtract $4 x$ from $- 2 x$ .

$(x^{2} + 3 x i - 6 x + 8 - 12 i) (x - (2 - 3 i))$

Step 3.3

Simplify each term.

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Step 3.3.1

Apply the distributive property.

$(x^{2} + 3 x i - 6 x + 8 - 12 i) (x - 1 \cdot 2 - (- 3 i))$

Step 3.3.2

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$(x^{2} + 3 x i - 6 x + 8 - 12 i) (x - 2 - (- 3 i))$

Step 3.3.3

Multiply $- 3$ by $- 1$ .

$(x^{2} + 3 x i - 6 x + 8 - 12 i) (x - 2 + 3 i)$

Step 4

Expand $(x^{2} + 3 x i - 6 x + 8 - 12 i) (x - 2 + 3 i)$ by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.

$x^{2} x + x^{2} \cdot - 2 + x^{2} (3 i) + 3 x i x + 3 x i \cdot - 2 + 3 x i (3 i) - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5

Simplify terms.

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Step 5.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 5.1.1

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 5.1.1.1

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $x$ .

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Step 5.1.1.1.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$x^{2} x^{1} + x^{2} \cdot - 2 + x^{2} (3 i) + 3 x i x + 3 x i \cdot - 2 + 3 x i (3 i) - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.1.1.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$x^{2 + 1} + x^{2} \cdot - 2 + x^{2} (3 i) + 3 x i x + 3 x i \cdot - 2 + 3 x i (3 i) - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.1.2

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$x^{3} + x^{2} \cdot - 2 + x^{2} (3 i) + 3 x i x + 3 x i \cdot - 2 + 3 x i (3 i) - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.2

Move $- 2$ to the left of $x^{2}$ .

$x^{3} - 2 \cdot x^{2} + x^{2} (3 i) + 3 x i x + 3 x i \cdot - 2 + 3 x i (3 i) - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.3

Move $3$ to the left of $x^{2}$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 \cdot x^{2} i + 3 x i x + 3 x i \cdot - 2 + 3 x i (3 i) - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.4

Multiply $x$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 5.1.4.1

Move $x$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 (x \cdot x) i + 3 x i \cdot - 2 + 3 x i (3 i) - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.4.2

Multiply $x$ by $x$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x i \cdot - 2 + 3 x i (3 i) - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.5

Multiply $- 2$ by $3$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i + 3 x i (3 i) - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.6

Multiply $3 x i (3 i)$ .

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Step 5.1.6.1

Multiply $3$ by $3$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i + 9 x i i - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.6.2

Raise $i$ to the power of $1$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i + 9 x (i^{1} i) - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.6.3

Raise $i$ to the power of $1$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i + 9 x (i^{1} i^{1}) - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.6.4

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i + 9 x i^{1 + 1} - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.6.5

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i + 9 x i^{2} - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.7

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i + 9 x \cdot - 1 - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.8

Multiply $- 1$ by $9$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x \cdot x - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.9

Multiply $x$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 5.1.9.1

Move $x$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 (x \cdot x) - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.9.2

Multiply $x$ by $x$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} - 6 x \cdot - 2 - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.10

Multiply $- 2$ by $- 6$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} + 12 x - 6 x (3 i) + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.11

Multiply $3$ by $- 6$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x + 8 \cdot - 2 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.12

Multiply $8$ by $- 2$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x - 16 + 8 (3 i) - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.13

Multiply $3$ by $8$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x - 16 + 24 i - 12 i x - 12 i \cdot - 2 - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.14

Multiply $- 2$ by $- 12$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x - 16 + 24 i - 12 i x + 24 i - 12 i (3 i)$

Step 5.1.15

Multiply $- 12 i (3 i)$ .

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Step 5.1.15.1

Multiply $3$ by $- 12$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x - 16 + 24 i - 12 i x + 24 i - 36 i i$

Step 5.1.15.2

Raise $i$ to the power of $1$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x - 16 + 24 i - 12 i x + 24 i - 36 (i^{1} i)$

Step 5.1.15.3

Raise $i$ to the power of $1$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x - 16 + 24 i - 12 i x + 24 i - 36 (i^{1} i^{1})$

Step 5.1.15.4

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x - 16 + 24 i - 12 i x + 24 i - 36 i^{1 + 1}$

Step 5.1.15.5

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x - 16 + 24 i - 12 i x + 24 i - 36 i^{2}$

Step 5.1.16

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x - 16 + 24 i - 12 i x + 24 i - 36 \cdot - 1$

Step 5.1.17

Multiply $- 36$ by $- 1$ .

$x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x - 6 x^{2} + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x - 16 + 24 i - 12 i x + 24 i + 36$

Step 5.2

Simplify by adding terms.

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Step 5.2.1

Subtract $6 x^{2}$ from $- 2 x^{2}$ .

$x^{3} - 8 x^{2} + 3 x^{2} i + 3 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x - 16 + 24 i - 12 i x + 24 i + 36$

Step 5.2.2

Add $3 x^{2} i$ and $3 x^{2} i$ .

$x^{3} - 8 x^{2} + 6 x^{2} i - 6 x i - 9 x + 12 x - 18 x i + 8 x - 16 + 24 i - 12 i x + 24 i + 36$

Step 5.2.3

Subtract $18 x i$ from $- 6 x i$ .

$x^{3} - 8 x^{2} + 6 x^{2} i - 24 x i - 9 x + 12 x + 8 x - 16 + 24 i - 12 i x + 24 i + 36$

Step 6

Subtract $12 i x$ from $- 24 x i$ .

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Step 6.1

Move $i$ .

$x^{3} - 8 x^{2} + 6 x^{2} i - 24 x i - 12 x i - 9 x + 12 x + 8 x - 16 + 24 i + 24 i + 36$

Step 6.2

Subtract $12 x i$ from $- 24 x i$ .

$x^{3} - 8 x^{2} + 6 x^{2} i - 36 x i - 9 x + 12 x + 8 x - 16 + 24 i + 24 i + 36$

Step 7

Add $- 9 x$ and $12 x$ .

$x^{3} - 8 x^{2} + 6 x^{2} i - 36 x i + 3 x + 8 x - 16 + 24 i + 24 i + 36$

Step 8

Add $3 x$ and $8 x$ .

$x^{3} - 8 x^{2} + 6 x^{2} i - 36 x i + 11 x - 16 + 24 i + 24 i + 36$

Step 9

Add $- 16$ and $36$ .

$x^{3} - 8 x^{2} + 6 x^{2} i - 36 x i + 11 x + 20 + 24 i + 24 i$

Step 10

Add $24 i$ and $24 i$ .

$x^{3} - 8 x^{2} + 6 x^{2} i - 36 x i + 11 x + 20 + 48 i$