Pre-Algebra Examples

$12 (x + 5) = {(y - 8)}^{2}$

Step 1

Divide each term in $12 (x + 5) = {(y - 8)}^{2}$ by $12$ and simplify.

Tap for more steps...

Step 1.1

Divide each term in $12 (x + 5) = {(y - 8)}^{2}$ by $12$ .

$\frac{12 (x + 5)}{12} = \frac{{(y - 8)}^{2}}{12}$

Step 1.2

Simplify the left side.

Tap for more steps...

Step 1.2.1

Cancel the common factor of $12$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 1.2.1.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{12 (x + 5)}{12} = \frac{{(y - 8)}^{2}}{12}$

Step 1.2.1.2

Divide $x + 5$ by $1$ .

$x + 5 = \frac{{(y - 8)}^{2}}{12}$

Step 2

Subtract $5$ from both sides of the equation.

$x = \frac{{(y - 8)}^{2}}{12} - 5$

Step 3

Find the properties of the given parabola.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1

Rewrite the equation in vertex form.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.1

Reorder terms.

$x = \frac{1}{12} \cdot {(y - 8)}^{2} - 5$

Step 3.1.2

Complete the square for $\frac{1}{12} \cdot {(y - 8)}^{2} - 5$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.1

Simplify the expression.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.1.1

Simplify each term.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.1.1.1

Rewrite ${(y - 8)}^{2}$ as $(y - 8) (y - 8)$ .

$\frac{1}{12} \cdot ((y - 8) (y - 8)) - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.2

Expand $(y - 8) (y - 8)$ using the FOIL Method.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.1.1.2.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{1}{12} \cdot (y (y - 8) - 8 (y - 8)) - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.2.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{1}{12} \cdot (y \cdot y + y \cdot - 8 - 8 (y - 8)) - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.2.3

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{1}{12} \cdot (y \cdot y + y \cdot - 8 - 8 y - 8 \cdot - 8) - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.3

Simplify and combine like terms.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.1.1.3.1

Simplify each term.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.1.1.3.1.1

Multiply $y$ by $y$ .

$\frac{1}{12} \cdot (y^{2} + y \cdot - 8 - 8 y - 8 \cdot - 8) - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.3.1.2

Move $- 8$ to the left of $y$ .

$\frac{1}{12} \cdot (y^{2} - 8 \cdot y - 8 y - 8 \cdot - 8) - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.3.1.3

Multiply $- 8$ by $- 8$ .

$\frac{1}{12} \cdot (y^{2} - 8 y - 8 y + 64) - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.3.2

Subtract $8 y$ from $- 8 y$ .

$\frac{1}{12} \cdot (y^{2} - 16 y + 64) - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.4

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{1}{12} y^{2} + \frac{1}{12} (- 16 y) + \frac{1}{12} \cdot 64 - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5

Simplify.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.1

Combine $\frac{1}{12}$ and $y^{2}$ .

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} + \frac{1}{12} (- 16 y) + \frac{1}{12} \cdot 64 - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.2

Cancel the common factor of $4$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.2.1

Factor $4$ out of $12$ .

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} + \frac{1}{4 (3)} (- 16 y) + \frac{1}{12} \cdot 64 - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.2.2

Factor $4$ out of $- 16 y$ .

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} + \frac{1}{4 (3)} (4 (- 4 y)) + \frac{1}{12} \cdot 64 - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.2.3

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} + \frac{1}{4 \cdot 3} (4 (- 4 y)) + \frac{1}{12} \cdot 64 - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.2.4

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} + \frac{1}{3} (- 4 y) + \frac{1}{12} \cdot 64 - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.3

Combine $- 4$ and $\frac{1}{3}$ .

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} + \frac{- 4}{3} y + \frac{1}{12} \cdot 64 - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.4

Combine $\frac{- 4}{3}$ and $y$ .

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} + \frac{- 4 y}{3} + \frac{1}{12} \cdot 64 - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.5

Cancel the common factor of $4$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.5.1

Factor $4$ out of $12$ .

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} + \frac{- 4 y}{3} + \frac{1}{4 (3)} \cdot 64 - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.5.2

Factor $4$ out of $64$ .

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} + \frac{- 4 y}{3} + \frac{1}{4 \cdot 3} \cdot (4 \cdot 16) - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.5.3

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} + \frac{- 4 y}{3} + \frac{1}{4 \cdot 3} \cdot (4 \cdot 16) - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.5.4

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} + \frac{- 4 y}{3} + \frac{1}{3} \cdot 16 - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.5.6

Combine $\frac{1}{3}$ and $16$ .

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} + \frac{- 4 y}{3} + \frac{16}{3} - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.1.6

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} - \frac{4 y}{3} + \frac{16}{3} - 5$

Step 3.1.2.1.2

To write $- 5$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} - \frac{4 y}{3} + \frac{16}{3} - 5 \cdot \frac{3}{3}$

Step 3.1.2.1.3

Combine $- 5$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} - \frac{4 y}{3} + \frac{16}{3} + \frac{- 5 \cdot 3}{3}$

Step 3.1.2.1.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} - \frac{4 y}{3} + \frac{16 - 5 \cdot 3}{3}$

Step 3.1.2.1.5

Simplify the numerator.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.1.5.1

Multiply $- 5$ by $3$ .

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} - \frac{4 y}{3} + \frac{16 - 15}{3}$

Step 3.1.2.1.5.2

Subtract $15$ from $16$ .

$\frac{y^{2}}{12} - \frac{4 y}{3} + \frac{1}{3}$

Step 3.1.2.2

Use the form $a x^{2} + b x + c$ , to find the values of $a$ , $b$ , and $c$ .

$a = \frac{1}{12}$

$b = - \frac{4}{3}$

$c = \frac{1}{3}$

Step 3.1.2.3

Consider the vertex form of a parabola.

$a {(x + d)}^{2} + e$

Step 3.1.2.4

Find the value of $d$ using the formula $d = \frac{b}{2 a}$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.4.1

Substitute the values of $a$ and $b$ into the formula $d = \frac{b}{2 a}$ .

$d = \frac{- \frac{4}{3}}{2 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.4.2

Simplify the right side.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.4.2.1

Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.

$d = - \frac{4}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{2 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.4.2.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.4.2.2.1

Move the leading negative in $- \frac{4}{3}$ into the numerator.

$d = \frac{- 4}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{2 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.4.2.2.2

Factor $2$ out of $- 4$ .

$d = \frac{2 (- 2)}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{2 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.4.2.2.3

Cancel the common factor.

$d = \frac{2 \cdot - 2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{2 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.4.2.2.4

Rewrite the expression.

$d = \frac{- 2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{1}{12}}$

Step 3.1.2.4.2.3

Multiply $\frac{- 2}{3}$ by $\frac{1}{\frac{1}{12}}$ .

$d = \frac{- 2}{3 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.4.2.4

Combine $3$ and $\frac{1}{12}$ .

$d = \frac{- 2}{\frac{3}{12}}$

Step 3.1.2.4.2.5

Cancel the common factor of $3$ and $12$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.4.2.5.1

Factor $3$ out of $3$ .

$d = \frac{- 2}{\frac{3 (1)}{12}}$

Step 3.1.2.4.2.5.2

Cancel the common factors.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.4.2.5.2.1

Factor $3$ out of $12$ .

$d = \frac{- 2}{\frac{3 \cdot 1}{3 \cdot 4}}$

Step 3.1.2.4.2.5.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$d = \frac{- 2}{\frac{3 \cdot 1}{3 \cdot 4}}$

Step 3.1.2.4.2.5.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$d = \frac{- 2}{\frac{1}{4}}$

Step 3.1.2.4.2.6

Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.

$d = - 2 \cdot 4$

Step 3.1.2.4.2.7

Multiply $- 2$ by $4$ .

$d = - 8$

Step 3.1.2.5

Find the value of $e$ using the formula $e = c - \frac{b^{2}}{4 a}$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.5.1

Substitute the values of $c$ , $b$ and $a$ into the formula $e = c - \frac{b^{2}}{4 a}$ .

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{{(- \frac{4}{3})}^{2}}{4 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2

Simplify the right side.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1

Simplify each term.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.1

Simplify the numerator.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.1.1

Apply the product rule to $- \frac{4}{3}$ .

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{{(- 1)}^{2} {(\frac{4}{3})}^{2}}{4 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.1.2

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1 {(\frac{4}{3})}^{2}}{4 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.1.3

Apply the product rule to $\frac{4}{3}$ .

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1 \frac{4^{2}}{3^{2}}}{4 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.1.4

Raise $4$ to the power of $2$ .

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1 \frac{16}{3^{2}}}{4 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.1.5

Raise $3$ to the power of $2$ .

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1 (\frac{16}{9})}{4 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.1.6

Multiply $\frac{16}{9}$ by $1$ .

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{\frac{16}{9}}{4 (\frac{1}{12})}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.2

Combine $4$ and $\frac{1}{12}$ .

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{\frac{16}{9}}{\frac{4}{12}}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.3

Cancel the common factor of $4$ and $12$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.3.1

Factor $4$ out of $4$ .

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{\frac{16}{9}}{\frac{4 (1)}{12}}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.3.2

Cancel the common factors.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.3.2.1

Factor $4$ out of $12$ .

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{\frac{16}{9}}{\frac{4 \cdot 1}{4 \cdot 3}}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.3.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{\frac{16}{9}}{\frac{4 \cdot 1}{4 \cdot 3}}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.3.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{\frac{16}{9}}{\frac{1}{3}}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.4

Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.

$e = \frac{1}{3} - (\frac{16}{9} \cdot 3)$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.5

Cancel the common factor of $3$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.5.1

Factor $3$ out of $9$ .

$e = \frac{1}{3} - (\frac{16}{3 (3)} \cdot 3)$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.5.2

Cancel the common factor.

$e = \frac{1}{3} - (\frac{16}{3 \cdot 3} \cdot 3)$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.1.5.3

Rewrite the expression.

$e = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{16}{3}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.2

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$e = \frac{1 - 16}{3}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.3

Subtract $16$ from $1$ .

$e = \frac{- 15}{3}$

Step 3.1.2.5.2.4

Divide $- 15$ by $3$ .

$e = - 5$

Step 3.1.2.6

Substitute the values of $a$ , $d$ , and $e$ into the vertex form $\frac{1}{12} {(y - 8)}^{2} - 5$ .

$\frac{1}{12} {(y - 8)}^{2} - 5$

Step 3.1.3

Set $x$ equal to the new right side.

$x = \frac{1}{12} \cdot {(y - 8)}^{2} - 5$

Step 3.2

Use the vertex form, $x = a {(y - k)}^{2} + h$ , to determine the values of $a$ , $h$ , and $k$ .

$a = \frac{1}{12}$

$h = - 5$

$k = 8$

Step 3.3

Since the value of $a$ is positive, the parabola opens right.

Opens Right

Step 3.4

Find the vertex $(h, k)$ .

$(- 5, 8)$

Step 3.5

Find $p$ , the distance from the vertex to the focus.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.5.1

Find the distance from the vertex to a focus of the parabola by using the following formula.

$\frac{1}{4 a}$

Step 3.5.2

Substitute the value of $a$ into the formula.

$\frac{1}{4 \cdot \frac{1}{12}}$

Step 3.5.3

Simplify.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.5.3.1

Combine $4$ and $\frac{1}{12}$ .

$\frac{1}{\frac{4}{12}}$

Step 3.5.3.2

Cancel the common factor of $4$ and $12$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.5.3.2.1

Factor $4$ out of $4$ .

$\frac{1}{\frac{4 (1)}{12}}$

Step 3.5.3.2.2

Cancel the common factors.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.5.3.2.2.1

Factor $4$ out of $12$ .

$\frac{1}{\frac{4 \cdot 1}{4 \cdot 3}}$

Step 3.5.3.2.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{1}{\frac{4 \cdot 1}{4 \cdot 3}}$

Step 3.5.3.2.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{1}{\frac{1}{3}}$

Step 3.5.3.3

Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.

$1 \cdot 3$

Step 3.5.3.4

Multiply $3$ by $1$ .

$3$

Step 3.6

Find the focus.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.6.1

The focus of a parabola can be found by adding $p$ to the x-coordinate $h$ if the parabola opens left or right.

$(h + p, k)$

Step 3.6.2

Substitute the known values of $h$ , $p$ , and $k$ into the formula and simplify.

$(- 2, 8)$

Step 3.7

Find the axis of symmetry by finding the line that passes through the vertex and the focus.

$y = 8$

Step 3.8

Find the directrix.

Tap for more steps...

Step 3.8.1

The directrix of a parabola is the vertical line found by subtracting $p$ from the x-coordinate $h$ of the vertex if the parabola opens left or right.

$x = h - p$

Step 3.8.2

Substitute the known values of $p$ and $h$ into the formula and simplify.

$x = - 8$

Step 3.9

Use the properties of the parabola to analyze and graph the parabola.

Direction: Opens Right

Vertex: $(- 5, 8)$

Focus: $(- 2, 8)$

Axis of Symmetry: $y = 8$

Directrix: $x = - 8$

Direction: Opens Right

Vertex: $(- 5, 8)$

Focus: $(- 2, 8)$

Axis of Symmetry: $y = 8$

Directrix: $x = - 8$

Step 4

Select a few $x$ values, and plug them into the equation to find the corresponding $y$ values. The $x$ values should be selected around the vertex.

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.1

Substitute the $x$ value $- 4$ into $f (x) = 2 \sqrt{3 (x + 5)} + 8$ . In this case, the point is $(- 4, 11.46410161)$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.1.1

Replace the variable $x$ with $- 4$ in the expression.

$f (- 4) = 2 \sqrt{3 ((- 4) + 5)} + 8$

Step 4.1.2

Simplify the result.

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.1.2.1

Simplify each term.

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.1.2.1.1

Add $- 4$ and $5$ .

$f (- 4) = 2 \sqrt{3 \cdot 1} + 8$

Step 4.1.2.1.2

Multiply $3$ by $1$ .

$f (- 4) = 2 \sqrt{3} + 8$

Step 4.1.2.2

The final answer is $2 \sqrt{3} + 8$ .

$y = 2 \sqrt{3} + 8$

Step 4.1.3

Convert $2 \sqrt{3} + 8$ to decimal.

$= 11.46410161$

Step 4.2

Substitute the $x$ value $- 4$ into $f (x) = - 2 \sqrt{3 (x + 5)} + 8$ . In this case, the point is $(- 4, 4.53589838)$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.2.1

Replace the variable $x$ with $- 4$ in the expression.

$f (- 4) = - 2 \sqrt{3 ((- 4) + 5)} + 8$

Step 4.2.2

Simplify the result.

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.2.2.1

Simplify each term.

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.2.2.1.1

Add $- 4$ and $5$ .

$f (- 4) = - 2 \sqrt{3 \cdot 1} + 8$

Step 4.2.2.1.2

Multiply $3$ by $1$ .

$f (- 4) = - 2 \sqrt{3} + 8$

Step 4.2.2.2

The final answer is $- 2 \sqrt{3} + 8$ .

$y = - 2 \sqrt{3} + 8$

Step 4.2.3

Convert $- 2 \sqrt{3} + 8$ to decimal.

$= 4.53589838$

Step 4.3

Substitute the $x$ value $- 3$ into $f (x) = 2 \sqrt{3 (x + 5)} + 8$ . In this case, the point is $(- 3, 12.89897948)$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.3.1

Replace the variable $x$ with $- 3$ in the expression.

$f (- 3) = 2 \sqrt{3 ((- 3) + 5)} + 8$

Step 4.3.2

Simplify the result.

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.3.2.1

Simplify each term.

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.3.2.1.1

Add $- 3$ and $5$ .

$f (- 3) = 2 \sqrt{3 \cdot 2} + 8$

Step 4.3.2.1.2

Multiply $3$ by $2$ .

$f (- 3) = 2 \sqrt{6} + 8$

Step 4.3.2.2

The final answer is $2 \sqrt{6} + 8$ .

$y = 2 \sqrt{6} + 8$

Step 4.3.3

Convert $2 \sqrt{6} + 8$ to decimal.

$= 12.89897948$

Step 4.4

Substitute the $x$ value $- 3$ into $f (x) = - 2 \sqrt{3 (x + 5)} + 8$ . In this case, the point is $(- 3, 3.10102051)$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.4.1

Replace the variable $x$ with $- 3$ in the expression.

$f (- 3) = - 2 \sqrt{3 ((- 3) + 5)} + 8$

Step 4.4.2

Simplify the result.

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.4.2.1

Simplify each term.

Tap for more steps...

Step 4.4.2.1.1

Add $- 3$ and $5$ .

$f (- 3) = - 2 \sqrt{3 \cdot 2} + 8$

Step 4.4.2.1.2

Multiply $3$ by $2$ .

$f (- 3) = - 2 \sqrt{6} + 8$

Step 4.4.2.2

The final answer is $- 2 \sqrt{6} + 8$ .

$y = - 2 \sqrt{6} + 8$

Step 4.4.3

Convert $- 2 \sqrt{6} + 8$ to decimal.

$= 3.10102051$

Step 4.5

Graph the parabola using its properties and the selected points.

$\begin{array}{c} x & y \\ - 5 & 8 \\ - 4 & 11.46 \\ - 4 & 4.54 \\ - 3 & 12.9 \\ - 3 & 3.1 \end{array}$

Step 5

Graph the parabola using its properties and the selected points.

Direction: Opens Right

Vertex: $(- 5, 8)$

Focus: $(- 2, 8)$

Axis of Symmetry: $y = 8$

Directrix: $x = - 8$

$\begin{array}{c} x & y \\ - 5 & 8 \\ - 4 & 11.46 \\ - 4 & 4.54 \\ - 3 & 12.9 \\ - 3 & 3.1 \end{array}$

Step 6