Linear Algebra Examples

$x + y - z = 1$ , $2 x + 3 y + a z = 3$ , $x + a y + 3 z = 2$

Step 1

Write the system of equations in matrix form.

$[\begin{array}{c} 0 & 1 & 1 & - 1 & 1 \\ z & 2 & 3 & 0 & 3 \\ y & 1 & 0 & 3 & 2 \end{array}]$

Step 2

Find the reduced row echelon form.

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Step 2.1

Swap $R_{2}$ with $R_{1}$ to put a nonzero entry at $1, 1$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} z & 2 & 3 & 0 & 3 \\ 0 & 1 & 1 & - 1 & 1 \\ y & 1 & 0 & 3 & 2 \end{array}]$

Step 2.2

Multiply each element of $R_{1}$ by $\frac{1}{z}$ to make the entry at $1, 1$ a $1$ .

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Step 2.2.1

Multiply each element of $R_{1}$ by $\frac{1}{z}$ to make the entry at $1, 1$ a $1$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} \frac{z}{z} & \frac{2}{z} & \frac{3}{z} & \frac{0}{z} & \frac{3}{z} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 & - 1 & 1 \\ y & 1 & 0 & 3 & 2 \end{array}]$

Step 2.2.2

Simplify $R_{1}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{2}{z} & \frac{3}{z} & 0 & \frac{3}{z} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 & - 1 & 1 \\ y & 1 & 0 & 3 & 2 \end{array}]$

Step 2.3

Perform the row operation $R_{3} = R_{3} - y R_{1}$ to make the entry at $3, 1$ a $0$ .

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Step 2.3.1

Perform the row operation $R_{3} = R_{3} - y R_{1}$ to make the entry at $3, 1$ a $0$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{2}{z} & \frac{3}{z} & 0 & \frac{3}{z} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 & - 1 & 1 \\ y - y \cdot 1 & 1 - y \frac{2}{z} & 0 - y \frac{3}{z} & 3 - y \cdot 0 & 2 - y \frac{3}{z} \end{array}]$

Step 2.3.2

Simplify $R_{3}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{2}{z} & \frac{3}{z} & 0 & \frac{3}{z} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 & - 1 & 1 \\ 0 & 1 - \frac{2 y}{z} & - \frac{3 y}{z} & 3 & 2 - \frac{3 y}{z} \end{array}]$

Step 2.4

Perform the row operation $R_{3} = R_{3} - (1 - \frac{2 y}{z}) R_{2}$ to make the entry at $3, 2$ a $0$ .

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Step 2.4.1

Perform the row operation $R_{3} = R_{3} - (1 - \frac{2 y}{z}) R_{2}$ to make the entry at $3, 2$ a $0$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{2}{z} & \frac{3}{z} & 0 & \frac{3}{z} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 & - 1 & 1 \\ 0 - (1 - \frac{2 y}{z}) \cdot 0 & 1 - \frac{2 y}{z} - (1 - \frac{2 y}{z}) \cdot 1 & - \frac{3 y}{z} - (1 - \frac{2 y}{z}) \cdot 1 & 3 - (1 - \frac{2 y}{z}) \cdot - 1 & 2 - \frac{3 y}{z} - (1 - \frac{2 y}{z}) \cdot 1 \end{array}]$

Step 2.4.2

Simplify $R_{3}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{2}{z} & \frac{3}{z} & 0 & \frac{3}{z} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 & - 1 & 1 \\ 0 & 0 & - 1 - \frac{y}{z} & 4 - \frac{2 y}{z} & 1 - \frac{y}{z} \end{array}]$

Step 2.5

Multiply each element of $R_{3}$ by $\frac{1}{- 1 - \frac{y}{z}}$ to make the entry at $3, 3$ a $1$ .

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Step 2.5.1

Multiply each element of $R_{3}$ by $\frac{1}{- 1 - \frac{y}{z}}$ to make the entry at $3, 3$ a $1$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{2}{z} & \frac{3}{z} & 0 & \frac{3}{z} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 & - 1 & 1 \\ \frac{0}{- 1 - \frac{y}{z}} & \frac{0}{- 1 - \frac{y}{z}} & \frac{- 1 - \frac{y}{z}}{- 1 - \frac{y}{z}} & \frac{4 - \frac{2 y}{z}}{- 1 - \frac{y}{z}} & \frac{1 - \frac{y}{z}}{- 1 - \frac{y}{z}} \end{array}]$

Step 2.5.2

Simplify $R_{3}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{2}{z} & \frac{3}{z} & 0 & \frac{3}{z} \\ 0 & 1 & 1 & - 1 & 1 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & - \frac{2 (2 z - y)}{z + y} & - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \end{array}]$

Step 2.6

Perform the row operation $R_{2} = R_{2} - R_{3}$ to make the entry at $2, 3$ a $0$ .

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Step 2.6.1

Perform the row operation $R_{2} = R_{2} - R_{3}$ to make the entry at $2, 3$ a $0$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{2}{z} & \frac{3}{z} & 0 & \frac{3}{z} \\ 0 - 0 & 1 - 0 & 1 - 1 & - 1 + \frac{2 (2 z - y)}{z + y} & 1 + \frac{z - y}{z + y} \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & - \frac{2 (2 z - y)}{z + y} & - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \end{array}]$

Step 2.6.2

Simplify $R_{2}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{2}{z} & \frac{3}{z} & 0 & \frac{3}{z} \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & - \frac{3 (y - z)}{z + y} & \frac{2 z}{z + y} \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & - \frac{2 (2 z - y)}{z + y} & - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \end{array}]$

Step 2.7

Perform the row operation $R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{3}{z} R_{3}$ to make the entry at $1, 3$ a $0$ .

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Step 2.7.1

Perform the row operation $R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{3}{z} R_{3}$ to make the entry at $1, 3$ a $0$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 - \frac{3}{z} \cdot 0 & \frac{2}{z} - \frac{3}{z} \cdot 0 & \frac{3}{z} - \frac{3}{z} \cdot 1 & 0 - \frac{3}{z} (- \frac{2 (2 z - y)}{z + y}) & \frac{3}{z} - \frac{3}{z} (- \frac{z - y}{z + y}) \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & - \frac{3 (y - z)}{z + y} & \frac{2 z}{z + y} \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & - \frac{2 (2 z - y)}{z + y} & - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \end{array}]$

Step 2.7.2

Simplify $R_{1}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & \frac{2}{z} & 0 & \frac{6 (2 z - y)}{z (z + y)} & \frac{6}{z + y} \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & - \frac{3 (y - z)}{z + y} & \frac{2 z}{z + y} \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & - \frac{2 (2 z - y)}{z + y} & - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \end{array}]$

Step 2.8

Perform the row operation $R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{2}{z} R_{2}$ to make the entry at $1, 2$ a $0$ .

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Step 2.8.1

Perform the row operation $R_{1} = R_{1} - \frac{2}{z} R_{2}$ to make the entry at $1, 2$ a $0$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 - \frac{2}{z} \cdot 0 & \frac{2}{z} - \frac{2}{z} \cdot 1 & 0 - \frac{2}{z} \cdot 0 & \frac{6 (2 z - y)}{z (z + y)} - \frac{2}{z} (- \frac{3 (y - z)}{z + y}) & \frac{6}{z + y} - \frac{2}{z} \cdot \frac{2 z}{z + y} \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & - \frac{3 (y - z)}{z + y} & \frac{2 z}{z + y} \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & - \frac{2 (2 z - y)}{z + y} & - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \end{array}]$

Step 2.8.2

Simplify $R_{1}$ .

$[\begin{array}{c} 1 & 0 & 0 & \frac{6}{z + y} & \frac{2}{y + z} \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & - \frac{3 (y - z)}{z + y} & \frac{2 z}{z + y} \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & - \frac{2 (2 z - y)}{z + y} & - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \end{array}]$

Step 3

Use the result matrix to declare the final solutions to the system of equations.

$a + \frac{6 z}{z + y} = \frac{2}{y + z}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4

Solve the equation for $a$ .

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Step 4.1

Move all terms containing variables to the left side of the equation.

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Step 4.1.1

Subtract $\frac{2}{y + z}$ from both sides of the equation.

$a + \frac{6 z}{z + y} - \frac{2}{y + z} = 0$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.1.2

To write $a$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{z + y}{z + y}$ .

$a \cdot \frac{z + y}{z + y} + \frac{6 z}{z + y} - \frac{2}{y + z} = 0$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.1.3

Combine $a$ and $\frac{z + y}{z + y}$ .

$\frac{a (z + y)}{z + y} + \frac{6 z}{z + y} - \frac{2}{y + z} = 0$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.1.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{a (z + y) + 6 z}{z + y} - \frac{2}{y + z} = 0$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.1.5

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{a z + a y + 6 z}{z + y} - \frac{2}{y + z} = 0$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.1.6

Reorder terms.

$\frac{a z + a y + 6 z}{y + z} - \frac{2}{y + z} = 0$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.1.7

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{a z + a y + 6 z - 2}{y + z} = 0$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$\frac{a z + a y + 6 z - 2}{y + z} = 0$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.2

Set the numerator equal to zero.

$a z + a y + 6 z - 2 = 0$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3

Solve the equation for $a$ .

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Step 4.3.1

Move all terms not containing $a$ to the right side of the equation.

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Step 4.3.1.1

Subtract $6 z$ from both sides of the equation.

$a z + a y - 2 = - 6 z$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.1.2

Add $2$ to both sides of the equation.

$a z + a y = - 6 z + 2$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$a z + a y = - 6 z + 2$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.2

Factor $a$ out of $a z + a y$ .

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Step 4.3.2.1

Factor $a$ out of $a z$ .

$a (z) + a y = - 6 z + 2$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.2.2

Factor $a$ out of $a y$ .

$a (z) + a (y) = - 6 z + 2$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.2.3

Factor $a$ out of $a (z) + a (y)$ .

$a (z + y) = - 6 z + 2$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$a (z + y) = - 6 z + 2$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.3

Divide each term in $a (z + y) = - 6 z + 2$ by $z + y$ and simplify.

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Step 4.3.3.1

Divide each term in $a (z + y) = - 6 z + 2$ by $z + y$ .

$\frac{a (z + y)}{z + y} = \frac{- 6 z}{z + y} + \frac{2}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.3.2

Simplify the left side.

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Step 4.3.3.2.1

Cancel the common factor of $z + y$ .

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Step 4.3.3.2.1.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{a (z + y)}{z + y} = \frac{- 6 z}{z + y} + \frac{2}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.3.2.1.2

Divide $a$ by $1$ .

$a = \frac{- 6 z}{z + y} + \frac{2}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$a = \frac{- 6 z}{z + y} + \frac{2}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$a = \frac{- 6 z}{z + y} + \frac{2}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.3.3

Simplify the right side.

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Step 4.3.3.3.1

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$a = \frac{- 6 z + 2}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.3.3.2

Factor $2$ out of $- 6 z + 2$ .

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Step 4.3.3.3.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $- 6 z$ .

$a = \frac{2 (- 3 z) + 2}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.3.3.2.2

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$a = \frac{2 (- 3 z) + 2 (1)}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.3.3.2.3

Factor $2$ out of $2 (- 3 z) + 2 (1)$ .

$a = \frac{2 (- 3 z + 1)}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$a = \frac{2 (- 3 z + 1)}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.3.3.3

Factor $- 1$ out of $- 3 z$ .

$a = \frac{2 (- (3 z) + 1)}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.3.3.4

Rewrite $1$ as $- 1 (- 1)$ .

$a = \frac{2 (- (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1)}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.3.3.5

Factor $- 1$ out of $- (3 z) - 1 (- 1)$ .

$a = \frac{2 (- (3 z - 1))}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.3.3.6

Simplify the expression.

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Step 4.3.3.3.6.1

Rewrite $- (3 z - 1)$ as $- 1 (3 z - 1)$ .

$a = \frac{2 (- 1 (3 z - 1))}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 4.3.3.3.6.2

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} = \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5

Solve the equation for $x$ .

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Step 5.1

Move all terms containing variables to the left side of the equation.

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Step 5.1.1

Subtract $\frac{2 z}{z + y}$ from both sides of the equation.

$x - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} - \frac{2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.1.2

To write $x$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{z + y}{z + y}$ .

$x \cdot \frac{z + y}{z + y} - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} - \frac{2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.1.3

Combine $x$ and $\frac{z + y}{z + y}$ .

$\frac{x (z + y)}{z + y} - \frac{3 (y - z) z}{z + y} - \frac{2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.1.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{x (z + y) - 3 (y - z) z}{z + y} - \frac{2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.1.5

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 5.1.5.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x z + x y - 3 (y - z) z}{z + y} - \frac{2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.1.5.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x z + x y + (- 3 y - 3 (- z)) z}{z + y} - \frac{2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.1.5.3

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 3$ .

$\frac{x z + x y + (- 3 y + 3 z) z}{z + y} - \frac{2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.1.5.4

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x z + x y - 3 y z + 3 z \cdot z}{z + y} - \frac{2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.1.5.5

Multiply $z$ by $z$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 5.1.5.5.1

Move $z$ .

$\frac{x z + x y - 3 y z + 3 (z \cdot z)}{z + y} - \frac{2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.1.5.5.2

Multiply $z$ by $z$ .

$\frac{x z + x y - 3 y z + 3 z^{2}}{z + y} - \frac{2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$\frac{x z + x y - 3 y z + 3 z^{2}}{z + y} - \frac{2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$\frac{x z + x y - 3 y z + 3 z^{2}}{z + y} - \frac{2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.1.6

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{x z + x y - 3 y z + 3 z^{2} - 2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$\frac{x z + x y - 3 y z + 3 z^{2} - 2 z}{z + y} = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.2

Set the numerator equal to zero.

$x z + x y - 3 y z + 3 z^{2} - 2 z = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3

Solve the equation for $x$ .

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Step 5.3.1

Move all terms not containing $x$ to the right side of the equation.

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Step 5.3.1.1

Add $3 y z$ to both sides of the equation.

$x z + x y + 3 z^{2} - 2 z = 3 y z$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.1.2

Subtract $3 z^{2}$ from both sides of the equation.

$x z + x y - 2 z = 3 y z - 3 z^{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.1.3

Add $2 z$ to both sides of the equation.

$x z + x y = 3 y z - 3 z^{2} + 2 z$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$x z + x y = 3 y z - 3 z^{2} + 2 z$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.2

Factor $x$ out of $x z + x y$ .

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Step 5.3.2.1

Factor $x$ out of $x z$ .

$x (z) + x y = 3 y z - 3 z^{2} + 2 z$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.2.2

Factor $x$ out of $x y$ .

$x (z) + x (y) = 3 y z - 3 z^{2} + 2 z$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.2.3

Factor $x$ out of $x (z) + x (y)$ .

$x (z + y) = 3 y z - 3 z^{2} + 2 z$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$x (z + y) = 3 y z - 3 z^{2} + 2 z$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.3

Divide each term in $x (z + y) = 3 y z - 3 z^{2} + 2 z$ by $z + y$ and simplify.

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Step 5.3.3.1

Divide each term in $x (z + y) = 3 y z - 3 z^{2} + 2 z$ by $z + y$ .

$\frac{x (z + y)}{z + y} = \frac{3 y z}{z + y} + \frac{- 3 z^{2}}{z + y} + \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.3.2

Simplify the left side.

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Step 5.3.3.2.1

Cancel the common factor of $z + y$ .

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Step 5.3.3.2.1.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{x (z + y)}{z + y} = \frac{3 y z}{z + y} + \frac{- 3 z^{2}}{z + y} + \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.3.2.1.2

Divide $x$ by $1$ .

$x = \frac{3 y z}{z + y} + \frac{- 3 z^{2}}{z + y} + \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{3 y z}{z + y} + \frac{- 3 z^{2}}{z + y} + \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{3 y z}{z + y} + \frac{- 3 z^{2}}{z + y} + \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.3.3

Simplify the right side.

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Step 5.3.3.3.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$x = \frac{3 y z}{z + y} - \frac{3 z^{2}}{z + y} + \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.3.3.2

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$x = \frac{3 y z - 3 z^{2}}{z + y} + \frac{2 z}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.3.3.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$x = \frac{3 y z - 3 z^{2} + 2 z}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.3.3.4

Factor $z$ out of $3 y z - 3 z^{2} + 2 z$ .

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Step 5.3.3.3.4.1

Factor $z$ out of $3 y z$ .

$x = \frac{z (3 y) - 3 z^{2} + 2 z}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.3.3.4.2

Factor $z$ out of $- 3 z^{2}$ .

$x = \frac{z (3 y) + z (- 3 z) + 2 z}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.3.3.4.3

Factor $z$ out of $2 z$ .

$x = \frac{z (3 y) + z (- 3 z) + z \cdot 2}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.3.3.4.4

Factor $z$ out of $z (3 y) + z (- 3 z)$ .

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z) + z \cdot 2}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 5.3.3.3.4.5

Factor $z$ out of $z (3 y - 3 z) + z \cdot 2$ .

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$

Step 6

Solve the equation for $y$ .

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Step 6.1

Find the LCD of the terms in the equation.

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Step 6.1.1

Finding the LCD of a list of values is the same as finding the LCM of the denominators of those values.

$1, z + y, z + y$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.1.2

The LCM is the smallest positive number that all of the numbers divide into evenly.

$1$ List the prime factors of each number.

$2$ Multiply each factor the greatest number of times it occurs in either number.

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.1.3

The number $1$ is not a prime number because it only has one positive factor, which is itself.

Not prime

Step 6.1.4

The LCM of $1, 1, 1$ is the result of multiplying all prime factors the greatest number of times they occur in either number.

$1$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.1.5

The factor for $z + y$ is $z + y$ itself.

$(z + y) = z + y$

$(z + y)$ occurs $1$ time.

Step 6.1.6

The LCM of $z + y, z + y$ is the result of multiplying all factors the greatest number of times they occur in either term.

$z + y$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$z + y$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2

Multiply each term in $y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$ by $z + y$ to eliminate the fractions.

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Step 6.2.1

Multiply each term in $y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} = - \frac{z - y}{z + y}$ by $z + y$ .

$y (z + y) - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} \cdot (z + y) = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.2

Simplify the left side.

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Step 6.2.2.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 6.2.2.1.1

Apply the distributive property.

$y z + y \cdot y - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} \cdot (z + y) = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.2.1.2

Multiply $y$ by $y$ .

$y z + y^{2} - \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} \cdot (z + y) = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.2.1.3

Cancel the common factor of $z + y$ .

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Step 6.2.2.1.3.1

Move the leading negative in $- \frac{2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y}$ into the numerator.

$y z + y^{2} + \frac{- 2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} \cdot (z + y) = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.2.1.3.2

Cancel the common factor.

$y z + y^{2} + \frac{- 2 (2 z - y) z}{z + y} \cdot (z + y) = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.2.1.3.3

Rewrite the expression.

$y z + y^{2} - 2 (2 z - y) z = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y z + y^{2} - 2 (2 z - y) z = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.2.1.4

Apply the distributive property.

$y z + y^{2} + (- 2 (2 z) - 2 (- y)) z = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.2.1.5

Multiply $2$ by $- 2$ .

$y z + y^{2} + (- 4 z - 2 (- y)) z = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.2.1.6

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 2$ .

$y z + y^{2} + (- 4 z + 2 y) z = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.2.1.7

Apply the distributive property.

$y z + y^{2} - 4 z \cdot z + 2 y z = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.2.1.8

Multiply $z$ by $z$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 6.2.2.1.8.1

Move $z$ .

$y z + y^{2} - 4 (z \cdot z) + 2 y z = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.2.1.8.2

Multiply $z$ by $z$ .

$y z + y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 2 y z = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y z + y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 2 y z = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y z + y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 2 y z = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.2.2

Add $y z$ and $2 y z$ .

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z = - \frac{z - y}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.3

Simplify the right side.

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Step 6.2.3.1

Cancel the common factor of $z + y$ .

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Step 6.2.3.1.1

Move the leading negative in $- \frac{z - y}{z + y}$ into the numerator.

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z = \frac{- (z - y)}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.3.1.2

Cancel the common factor.

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z = \frac{- (z - y)}{z + y} \cdot (z + y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.3.1.3

Rewrite the expression.

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z = - (z - y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z = - (z - y)$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.3.2

Apply the distributive property.

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z = - z + y$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.3.3

Multiply $- - y$ .

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Step 6.2.3.3.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z = - z + 1 y$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.2.3.3.2

Multiply $y$ by $1$ .

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z = - z + y$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z = - z + y$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z = - z + y$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z = - z + y$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3

Solve the equation.

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Step 6.3.1

Subtract $y$ from both sides of the equation.

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z - y = - z$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.2

Add $z$ to both sides of the equation.

$y^{2} - 4 z^{2} + 3 y z - y + z = 0$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.3

Use the quadratic formula to find the solutions.

$\frac{- b \pm \sqrt{b^{2} - 4 (a c)}}{2 a}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.4

Substitute the values $a = 1$ , $b = 3 z - 1$ , and $c = - 4 z^{2} + z$ into the quadratic formula and solve for $y$ .

$\frac{- (3 z - 1) \pm \sqrt{{(3 z - 1)}^{2} - 4 \cdot (1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z))}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5

Simplify.

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Step 6.3.5.1

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 6.3.5.1.1

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- (3 z) + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(3 z - 1)}^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.2

Multiply $3$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(3 z - 1)}^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.3

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(3 z - 1)}^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.4

Rewrite ${(3 z - 1)}^{2}$ as $(3 z - 1) (3 z - 1)$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{(3 z - 1) (3 z - 1) - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.5

Expand $(3 z - 1) (3 z - 1)$ using the FOIL Method.

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Step 6.3.5.1.5.1

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 z (3 z - 1) - 1 (3 z - 1) - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.5.2

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 z (3 z) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z - 1) - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.5.3

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 z (3 z) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 z (3 z) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.6

Simplify and combine like terms.

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Step 6.3.5.1.6.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 6.3.5.1.6.1.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 \cdot (3 z \cdot z) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.6.1.2

Multiply $z$ by $z$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 6.3.5.1.6.1.2.1

Move $z$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 \cdot (3 (z \cdot z)) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.6.1.2.2

Multiply $z$ by $z$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 \cdot (3 z^{2}) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 \cdot (3 z^{2}) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.6.1.3

Multiply $3$ by $3$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.6.1.4

Multiply $- 1$ by $3$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 3 z - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.6.1.5

Multiply $3$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 3 z - 3 z - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.6.1.6

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 3 z - 3 z + 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 3 z - 3 z + 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.6.2

Subtract $3 z$ from $- 3 z$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.7

Multiply $- 4$ by $1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.8

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 (- 4 z^{2}) - 4 z}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.9

Multiply $- 4$ by $- 4$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 + 16 z^{2} - 4 z}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.10

Add $9 z^{2}$ and $16 z^{2}$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{25 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 z}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.11

Subtract $4 z$ from $- 6 z$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{25 z^{2} - 10 z + 1}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.12

Factor using the perfect square rule.

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Step 6.3.5.1.12.1

Rewrite $25 z^{2}$ as ${(5 z)}^{2}$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z)}^{2} - 10 z + 1}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.12.2

Rewrite $1$ as $1^{2}$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z)}^{2} - 10 z + 1^{2}}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.12.3

Check that the middle term is two times the product of the numbers being squared in the first term and third term.

$10 z = 2 \cdot (5 z) \cdot 1$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.12.4

Rewrite the polynomial.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z)}^{2} - 2 \cdot (5 z) \cdot 1 + 1^{2}}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.12.5

Factor using the perfect square trinomial rule $a^{2} - 2 a b + b^{2} = {(a - b)}^{2}$ , where $a = 5 z$ and $b = 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z - 1)}^{2}}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z - 1)}^{2}}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.1.13

Pull terms out from under the radical, assuming positive real numbers.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm (5 z - 1)}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm (5 z - 1)}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.5.2

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm (5 z - 1)}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm (5 z - 1)}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6

Simplify the expression to solve for the $+$ portion of the $\pm$ .

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Step 6.3.6.1

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 6.3.6.1.1

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- (3 z) + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(3 z - 1)}^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.2

Multiply $3$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(3 z - 1)}^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.3

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(3 z - 1)}^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.4

Rewrite ${(3 z - 1)}^{2}$ as $(3 z - 1) (3 z - 1)$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{(3 z - 1) (3 z - 1) - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.5

Expand $(3 z - 1) (3 z - 1)$ using the FOIL Method.

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Step 6.3.6.1.5.1

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 z (3 z - 1) - 1 (3 z - 1) - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.5.2

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 z (3 z) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z - 1) - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.5.3

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 z (3 z) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 z (3 z) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.6

Simplify and combine like terms.

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Step 6.3.6.1.6.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 6.3.6.1.6.1.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 \cdot (3 z \cdot z) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.6.1.2

Multiply $z$ by $z$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 6.3.6.1.6.1.2.1

Move $z$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 \cdot (3 (z \cdot z)) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.6.1.2.2

Multiply $z$ by $z$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 \cdot (3 z^{2}) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 \cdot (3 z^{2}) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.6.1.3

Multiply $3$ by $3$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.6.1.4

Multiply $- 1$ by $3$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 3 z - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.6.1.5

Multiply $3$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 3 z - 3 z - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.6.1.6

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 3 z - 3 z + 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 3 z - 3 z + 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.6.2

Subtract $3 z$ from $- 3 z$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.7

Multiply $- 4$ by $1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.8

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 (- 4 z^{2}) - 4 z}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.9

Multiply $- 4$ by $- 4$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 + 16 z^{2} - 4 z}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.10

Add $9 z^{2}$ and $16 z^{2}$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{25 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 z}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.11

Subtract $4 z$ from $- 6 z$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{25 z^{2} - 10 z + 1}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.12

Factor using the perfect square rule.

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Step 6.3.6.1.12.1

Rewrite $25 z^{2}$ as ${(5 z)}^{2}$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z)}^{2} - 10 z + 1}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.12.2

Rewrite $1$ as $1^{2}$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z)}^{2} - 10 z + 1^{2}}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.12.3

Check that the middle term is two times the product of the numbers being squared in the first term and third term.

$10 z = 2 \cdot (5 z) \cdot 1$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.12.4

Rewrite the polynomial.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z)}^{2} - 2 \cdot (5 z) \cdot 1 + 1^{2}}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.12.5

Factor using the perfect square trinomial rule $a^{2} - 2 a b + b^{2} = {(a - b)}^{2}$ , where $a = 5 z$ and $b = 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z - 1)}^{2}}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z - 1)}^{2}}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.1.13

Pull terms out from under the radical, assuming positive real numbers.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm (5 z - 1)}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm (5 z - 1)}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.2

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm (5 z - 1)}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.3

Change the $\pm$ to $+$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 + 5 z - 1}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.4

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 6.3.6.4.1

Add $- 3 z$ and $5 z$ .

$y = \frac{2 z + 1 - 1}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.4.2

Subtract $1$ from $1$ .

$y = \frac{2 z + 0}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.4.3

Add $2 z$ and $0$ .

$y = \frac{2 z}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{2 z}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.5

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 6.3.6.5.1

Cancel the common factor.

$y = \frac{2 z}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.6.5.2

Divide $z$ by $1$ .

$y = z$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = z$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = z$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7

Simplify the expression to solve for the $-$ portion of the $\pm$ .

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Step 6.3.7.1

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 6.3.7.1.1

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- (3 z) + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(3 z - 1)}^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.2

Multiply $3$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(3 z - 1)}^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.3

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(3 z - 1)}^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.4

Rewrite ${(3 z - 1)}^{2}$ as $(3 z - 1) (3 z - 1)$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{(3 z - 1) (3 z - 1) - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.5

Expand $(3 z - 1) (3 z - 1)$ using the FOIL Method.

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Step 6.3.7.1.5.1

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 z (3 z - 1) - 1 (3 z - 1) - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.5.2

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 z (3 z) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z - 1) - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.5.3

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 z (3 z) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 z (3 z) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.6

Simplify and combine like terms.

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Step 6.3.7.1.6.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 6.3.7.1.6.1.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 \cdot (3 z \cdot z) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.6.1.2

Multiply $z$ by $z$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 6.3.7.1.6.1.2.1

Move $z$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 \cdot (3 (z \cdot z)) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.6.1.2.2

Multiply $z$ by $z$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 \cdot (3 z^{2}) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{3 \cdot (3 z^{2}) + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.6.1.3

Multiply $3$ by $3$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} + 3 z \cdot - 1 - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.6.1.4

Multiply $- 1$ by $3$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 3 z - 1 (3 z) - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.6.1.5

Multiply $3$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 3 z - 3 z - 1 \cdot - 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.6.1.6

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 3 z - 3 z + 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 3 z - 3 z + 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.6.2

Subtract $3 z$ from $- 3 z$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.7

Multiply $- 4$ by $1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 \cdot (- 4 z^{2} + z)}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.8

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 (- 4 z^{2}) - 4 z}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.9

Multiply $- 4$ by $- 4$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{9 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 + 16 z^{2} - 4 z}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.10

Add $9 z^{2}$ and $16 z^{2}$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{25 z^{2} - 6 z + 1 - 4 z}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.11

Subtract $4 z$ from $- 6 z$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{25 z^{2} - 10 z + 1}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.12

Factor using the perfect square rule.

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Step 6.3.7.1.12.1

Rewrite $25 z^{2}$ as ${(5 z)}^{2}$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z)}^{2} - 10 z + 1}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.12.2

Rewrite $1$ as $1^{2}$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z)}^{2} - 10 z + 1^{2}}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.12.3

Check that the middle term is two times the product of the numbers being squared in the first term and third term.

$10 z = 2 \cdot (5 z) \cdot 1$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.12.4

Rewrite the polynomial.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z)}^{2} - 2 \cdot (5 z) \cdot 1 + 1^{2}}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.12.5

Factor using the perfect square trinomial rule $a^{2} - 2 a b + b^{2} = {(a - b)}^{2}$ , where $a = 5 z$ and $b = 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z - 1)}^{2}}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm \sqrt{{(5 z - 1)}^{2}}}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.1.13

Pull terms out from under the radical, assuming positive real numbers.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm (5 z - 1)}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm (5 z - 1)}{2 \cdot 1}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.2

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 \pm (5 z - 1)}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.3

Change the $\pm$ to $-$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 - (5 z - 1)}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.4

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 6.3.7.4.1

Apply the distributive property.

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 - (5 z) + 1}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.4.2

Multiply $5$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 - 5 z + 1}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.4.3

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$y = \frac{- 3 z + 1 - 5 z + 1}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.4.4

Subtract $5 z$ from $- 3 z$ .

$y = \frac{- 8 z + 1 + 1}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.4.5

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$y = \frac{- 8 z + 2}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.4.6

Factor $2$ out of $- 8 z + 2$ .

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Step 6.3.7.4.6.1

Factor $2$ out of $- 8 z$ .

$y = \frac{2 (- 4 z) + 2}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.4.6.2

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$y = \frac{2 (- 4 z) + 2 (1)}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.4.6.3

Factor $2$ out of $2 (- 4 z) + 2 (1)$ .

$y = \frac{2 (- 4 z + 1)}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{2 (- 4 z + 1)}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = \frac{2 (- 4 z + 1)}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.5

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 6.3.7.5.1

Cancel the common factor.

$y = \frac{2 (- 4 z + 1)}{2}$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.7.5.2

Divide $- 4 z + 1$ by $1$ .

$y = - 4 z + 1$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = - 4 z + 1$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = - 4 z + 1$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 6.3.8

The final answer is the combination of both solutions.

$y = z$

$y = - 4 z + 1$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = z$

$y = - 4 z + 1$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

$y = z$

$y = - 4 z + 1$

$a = - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}$

$x = \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}$

Step 7

The solution is the set of ordered pairs that makes the system true.

$(- \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y}, \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y}, z, z)$

Step 8

Decompose a solution vector by re-arranging each equation represented in the row-reduced form of the augmented matrix by solving for the dependent variable in each row yields the vector equality.

$X = [\begin{array}{c} a \\ x \\ y \\ z \end{array}] = [\begin{array}{c} - \frac{2 (3 z - 1)}{z + y} \\ \frac{z (3 y - 3 z + 2)}{z + y} \\ z \\ z \end{array}]$