Finite Math Examples

$\sqrt{\sin (x)} = \sqrt{\cos (2 x)}$

Step 1

To remove the radical on the left side of the equation, square both sides of the equation.

${\sqrt{\sin (x)}}^{2} = {\sqrt{\cos (2 x)}}^{2}$

Step 2

Simplify each side of the equation.

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Step 2.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{\sin (x)}$ as ${\sin (x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

${({\sin (x)}^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2} = {\sqrt{\cos (2 x)}}^{2}$

Step 2.2

Simplify the left side.

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Step 2.2.1

Simplify ${({\sin (x)}^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}$ .

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Step 2.2.1.1

Multiply the exponents in ${({\sin (x)}^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}$ .

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Step 2.2.1.1.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

${\sin (x)}^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2} = {\sqrt{\cos (2 x)}}^{2}$

Step 2.2.1.1.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 2.2.1.1.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

${\sin (x)}^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2} = {\sqrt{\cos (2 x)}}^{2}$

Step 2.2.1.1.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\sin^{1} (x) = {\sqrt{\cos (2 x)}}^{2}$

Step 2.2.1.2

Simplify.

$\sin (x) = {\sqrt{\cos (2 x)}}^{2}$

Step 2.3

Simplify the right side.

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Step 2.3.1

Rewrite ${\sqrt{\cos (2 x)}}^{2}$ as $\cos (2 x)$ .

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Step 2.3.1.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{\cos (2 x)}$ as ${\cos (2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\sin (x) = {({\cos (2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}$

Step 2.3.1.2

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\sin (x) = {\cos (2 x)}^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2}$

Step 2.3.1.3

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $2$ .

$\sin (x) = {\cos (2 x)}^{\frac{2}{2}}$

Step 2.3.1.4

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 2.3.1.4.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\sin (x) = {\cos (2 x)}^{\frac{2}{2}}$

Step 2.3.1.4.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\sin (x) = \cos^{1} (2 x)$

Step 2.3.1.5

Simplify.

$\sin (x) = \cos (2 x)$

Step 3

Solve for $x$ .

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Step 3.1

Subtract $\cos (2 x)$ from both sides of the equation.

$\sin (x) - \cos (2 x) = 0$

Step 3.2

Simplify each term.

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Step 3.2.1

Use the double-angle identity to transform $\cos (2 x)$ to $1 - 2 \sin^{2} (x)$ .

$\sin (x) - (1 - 2 \sin^{2} (x)) = 0$

Step 3.2.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\sin (x) - 1 \cdot 1 - (- 2 \sin^{2} (x)) = 0$

Step 3.2.3

Multiply $- 1$ by $1$ .

$\sin (x) - 1 - (- 2 \sin^{2} (x)) = 0$

Step 3.2.4

Multiply $- 2$ by $- 1$ .

$\sin (x) - 1 + 2 \sin^{2} (x) = 0$

Step 3.3

Factor by grouping.

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Step 3.3.1

Reorder terms.

$2 \sin^{2} (x) + \sin (x) - 1 = 0$

Step 3.3.2

For a polynomial of the form $a x^{2} + b x + c$ , rewrite the middle term as a sum of two terms whose product is $a \cdot c = 2 \cdot - 1 = - 2$ and whose sum is $b = 1$ .

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Step 3.3.2.1

Multiply by $1$ .

$2 \sin^{2} (x) + 1 \sin (x) - 1 = 0$

Step 3.3.2.2

Rewrite $1$ as $- 1$ plus $2$

$2 \sin^{2} (x) + (- 1 + 2) \sin (x) - 1 = 0$

Step 3.3.2.3

Apply the distributive property.

$2 \sin^{2} (x) - 1 \sin (x) + 2 \sin (x) - 1 = 0$

Step 3.3.3

Factor out the greatest common factor from each group.

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Step 3.3.3.1

Group the first two terms and the last two terms.

$2 \sin^{2} (x) - 1 \sin (x) + 2 \sin (x) - 1 = 0$

Step 3.3.3.2

Factor out the greatest common factor (GCF) from each group.

$\sin (x) (2 \sin (x) - 1) + 1 (2 \sin (x) - 1) = 0$

Step 3.3.4

Factor the polynomial by factoring out the greatest common factor, $2 \sin (x) - 1$ .

$(2 \sin (x) - 1) (\sin (x) + 1) = 0$

Step 3.4

If any individual factor on the left side of the equation is equal to $0$ , the entire expression will be equal to $0$ .

$2 \sin (x) - 1 = 0$

$\sin (x) + 1 = 0$

Step 3.5

Set $2 \sin (x) - 1$ equal to $0$ and solve for $x$ .

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Step 3.5.1

Set $2 \sin (x) - 1$ equal to $0$ .

$2 \sin (x) - 1 = 0$

Step 3.5.2

Solve $2 \sin (x) - 1 = 0$ for $x$ .

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Step 3.5.2.1

Add $1$ to both sides of the equation.

$2 \sin (x) = 1$

Step 3.5.2.2

Divide each term in $2 \sin (x) = 1$ by $2$ and simplify.

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Step 3.5.2.2.1

Divide each term in $2 \sin (x) = 1$ by $2$ .

$\frac{2 \sin (x)}{2} = \frac{1}{2}$

Step 3.5.2.2.2

Simplify the left side.

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Step 3.5.2.2.2.1

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 3.5.2.2.2.1.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{2 \sin (x)}{2} = \frac{1}{2}$

Step 3.5.2.2.2.1.2

Divide $\sin (x)$ by $1$ .

$\sin (x) = \frac{1}{2}$

Step 3.5.2.3

Take the inverse sine of both sides of the equation to extract $x$ from inside the sine.

$x = \arcsin (\frac{1}{2})$

Step 3.5.2.4

Simplify the right side.

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Step 3.5.2.4.1

The exact value of $\arcsin (\frac{1}{2})$ is $\frac{π}{6}$ .

$x = \frac{π}{6}$

Step 3.5.2.5

The sine function is positive in the first and second quadrants. To find the second solution, subtract the reference angle from $π$ to find the solution in the second quadrant.

$x = π - \frac{π}{6}$

Step 3.5.2.6

Simplify $π - \frac{π}{6}$ .

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Step 3.5.2.6.1

To write $π$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{6}{6}$ .

$x = π \cdot \frac{6}{6} - \frac{π}{6}$

Step 3.5.2.6.2

Combine fractions.

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Step 3.5.2.6.2.1

Combine $π$ and $\frac{6}{6}$ .

$x = \frac{π \cdot 6}{6} - \frac{π}{6}$

Step 3.5.2.6.2.2

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$x = \frac{π \cdot 6 - π}{6}$

Step 3.5.2.6.3

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 3.5.2.6.3.1

Move $6$ to the left of $π$ .

$x = \frac{6 \cdot π - π}{6}$

Step 3.5.2.6.3.2

Subtract $π$ from $6 π$ .

$x = \frac{5 π}{6}$

Step 3.5.2.7

Find the period of $\sin (x)$ .

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Step 3.5.2.7.1

The period of the function can be calculated using $\frac{2 π}{| b |}$ .

$\frac{2 π}{| b |}$

Step 3.5.2.7.2

Replace $b$ with $1$ in the formula for period.

$\frac{2 π}{| 1 |}$

Step 3.5.2.7.3

The absolute value is the distance between a number and zero. The distance between $0$ and $1$ is $1$ .

$\frac{2 π}{1}$

Step 3.5.2.7.4

Divide $2 π$ by $1$ .

$2 π$

Step 3.5.2.8

The period of the $\sin (x)$ function is $2 π$ so values will repeat every $2 π$ radians in both directions.

$x = \frac{π}{6} + 2 π n, \frac{5 π}{6} + 2 π n$ , for any integer $n$

Step 3.6

Set $\sin (x) + 1$ equal to $0$ and solve for $x$ .

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Step 3.6.1

Set $\sin (x) + 1$ equal to $0$ .

$\sin (x) + 1 = 0$

Step 3.6.2

Solve $\sin (x) + 1 = 0$ for $x$ .

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Step 3.6.2.1

Subtract $1$ from both sides of the equation.

$\sin (x) = - 1$

Step 3.6.2.2

Take the inverse sine of both sides of the equation to extract $x$ from inside the sine.

$x = \arcsin (- 1)$

Step 3.6.2.3

Simplify the right side.

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Step 3.6.2.3.1

The exact value of $\arcsin (- 1)$ is $- \frac{π}{2}$ .

$x = - \frac{π}{2}$

Step 3.6.2.4

The sine function is negative in the third and fourth quadrants. To find the second solution, subtract the solution from $2 π$ , to find a reference angle. Next, add this reference angle to $π$ to find the solution in the third quadrant.

$x = 2 π + \frac{π}{2} + π$

Step 3.6.2.5

Simplify the expression to find the second solution.

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Step 3.6.2.5.1

Subtract $2 π$ from $2 π + \frac{π}{2} + π$ .

$x = 2 π + \frac{π}{2} + π - 2 π$

Step 3.6.2.5.2

The resulting angle of $\frac{3 π}{2}$ is positive, less than $2 π$ , and coterminal with $2 π + \frac{π}{2} + π$ .

$x = \frac{3 π}{2}$

Step 3.6.2.6

Find the period of $\sin (x)$ .

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Step 3.6.2.6.1

The period of the function can be calculated using $\frac{2 π}{| b |}$ .

$\frac{2 π}{| b |}$

Step 3.6.2.6.2

Replace $b$ with $1$ in the formula for period.

$\frac{2 π}{| 1 |}$

Step 3.6.2.6.3

The absolute value is the distance between a number and zero. The distance between $0$ and $1$ is $1$ .

$\frac{2 π}{1}$

Step 3.6.2.6.4

Divide $2 π$ by $1$ .

$2 π$

Step 3.6.2.7

Add $2 π$ to every negative angle to get positive angles.

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Step 3.6.2.7.1

Add $2 π$ to $- \frac{π}{2}$ to find the positive angle.

$- \frac{π}{2} + 2 π$

Step 3.6.2.7.2

To write $2 π$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$2 π \cdot \frac{2}{2} - \frac{π}{2}$

Step 3.6.2.7.3

Combine fractions.

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Step 3.6.2.7.3.1

Combine $2 π$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{2 π \cdot 2}{2} - \frac{π}{2}$

Step 3.6.2.7.3.2

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2 π \cdot 2 - π}{2}$

Step 3.6.2.7.4

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 3.6.2.7.4.1

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{4 π - π}{2}$

Step 3.6.2.7.4.2

Subtract $π$ from $4 π$ .

$\frac{3 π}{2}$

Step 3.6.2.7.5

List the new angles.

$x = \frac{3 π}{2}$

Step 3.6.2.8

The period of the $\sin (x)$ function is $2 π$ so values will repeat every $2 π$ radians in both directions.

$x = \frac{3 π}{2} + 2 π n, \frac{3 π}{2} + 2 π n$ , for any integer $n$

Step 3.7

The final solution is all the values that make $(2 \sin (x) - 1) (\sin (x) + 1) = 0$ true.

$x = \frac{π}{6} + 2 π n, \frac{5 π}{6} + 2 π n, \frac{3 π}{2} + 2 π n$ , for any integer $n$

Step 4

Consolidate the answers.

$x = \frac{π}{6} + \frac{2 π n}{3}$ , for any integer $n$

Step 5

Verify each of the solutions by substituting them into $\sqrt{\sin (x)} = \sqrt{\cos (2 x)}$ and solving.

$x = \frac{π}{6} + 2 π n, \frac{5 π}{6} + 2 π n$ , for any integer $n$