Finite Math Examples

Find the Eigenvalues [[0,0.1,0.9],[0.6,0,0.4],[0.9,0.1,0]]
Step 1
Set up the formula to find the characteristic equation .
Step 2
The identity matrix or unit matrix of size is the square matrix with ones on the main diagonal and zeros elsewhere.
Step 3
Substitute the known values into .
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Step 3.1
Substitute for .
Step 3.2
Substitute for .
Step 4
Simplify.
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Step 4.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 4.1.1
Multiply by each element of the matrix.
Step 4.1.2
Simplify each element in the matrix.
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Step 4.1.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.2
Multiply .
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Step 4.1.2.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.3
Multiply .
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Step 4.1.2.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.4
Multiply .
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Step 4.1.2.4.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.5
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.6
Multiply .
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Step 4.1.2.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.6.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.7
Multiply .
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Step 4.1.2.7.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.7.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.8
Multiply .
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Step 4.1.2.8.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.8.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.9
Multiply by .
Step 4.2
Add the corresponding elements.
Step 4.3
Simplify each element.
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Step 4.3.1
Subtract from .
Step 4.3.2
Add and .
Step 4.3.3
Add and .
Step 4.3.4
Add and .
Step 4.3.5
Subtract from .
Step 4.3.6
Add and .
Step 4.3.7
Add and .
Step 4.3.8
Add and .
Step 4.3.9
Subtract from .
Step 5
Find the determinant.
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Step 5.1
Choose the row or column with the most elements. If there are no elements choose any row or column. Multiply every element in row by its cofactor and add.
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Step 5.1.1
Consider the corresponding sign chart.
Step 5.1.2
The cofactor is the minor with the sign changed if the indices match a position on the sign chart.
Step 5.1.3
The minor for is the determinant with row and column deleted.
Step 5.1.4
Multiply element by its cofactor.
Step 5.1.5
The minor for is the determinant with row and column deleted.
Step 5.1.6
Multiply element by its cofactor.
Step 5.1.7
The minor for is the determinant with row and column deleted.
Step 5.1.8
Multiply element by its cofactor.
Step 5.1.9
Add the terms together.
Step 5.2
Evaluate .
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Step 5.2.1
The determinant of a matrix can be found using the formula .
Step 5.2.2
Simplify each term.
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Step 5.2.2.1
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 5.2.2.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 5.2.2.2.1
Move .
Step 5.2.2.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.2.2.3
Multiply by .
Step 5.2.2.4
Multiply by .
Step 5.2.2.5
Multiply by .
Step 5.3
Evaluate .
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Step 5.3.1
The determinant of a matrix can be found using the formula .
Step 5.3.2
Simplify each term.
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Step 5.3.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 5.3.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.4
Evaluate .
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Step 5.4.1
The determinant of a matrix can be found using the formula .
Step 5.4.2
Simplify the determinant.
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Step 5.4.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 5.4.2.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 5.4.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.4.2.2
Reorder and .
Step 5.5
Simplify the determinant.
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Step 5.5.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 5.5.1.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 5.5.1.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 5.5.1.2.1
Move .
Step 5.5.1.2.2
Multiply by .
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Step 5.5.1.2.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.5.1.2.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 5.5.1.2.3
Add and .
Step 5.5.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 5.5.1.4
Apply the distributive property.
Step 5.5.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 5.5.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 5.5.1.7
Apply the distributive property.
Step 5.5.1.8
Multiply by .
Step 5.5.1.9
Multiply by .
Step 5.5.2
Add and .
Step 5.5.3
Add and .
Step 5.5.4
Add and .
Step 6
Set the characteristic polynomial equal to to find the eigenvalues .
Step 7
Solve for .
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Step 7.1
Graph each side of the equation. The solution is the x-value of the point of intersection.