Finite Math Examples

$\begin{array}{c} x & y \\ 1980 & 350.5 \\ 1985 & 524 \\ 1990 & 797.7 \\ 1995 & 1010.4 \\ 2000 & 1543.7 \\ 2005 & 2200.1 \\ 2006 & 2295.4 \\ 2008 & 2535.6 \end{array}$

Step 1

The linear correlation coefficient measures the relationship between the paired values in a sample.

$r = \frac{n (\sum_{}^{} x y) - \sum_{}^{} x \sum_{}^{} y}{\sqrt{n (\sum_{}^{} x^{2}) - {(\sum_{}^{} x)}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{n (\sum_{}^{} y^{2}) - {(\sum_{}^{} y)}^{2}}}$

Step 2

Sum up the $x$ values.

$\sum_{}^{} x = 1980 + 1985 + 1990 + 1995 + 2000 + 2005 + 2006 + 2008$

Step 3

Simplify the expression.

$\sum_{}^{} x = 15969$

Step 4

Sum up the $y$ values.

$\sum_{}^{} y = 350.5 + 524 + 797.7 + 1010.4 + 1543.7 + 2200.1 + 2295.4 + 2535.6$

Step 5

Simplify the expression.

$\sum_{}^{} y = 11257.4$

Step 6

Sum up the values of $x \cdot y$ .

$\sum_{}^{} x y = 1980 \cdot 350.5 + 1985 \cdot 524 + 1990 \cdot 797.7 + 1995 \cdot 1010.4 + 2000 \cdot 1543.7 + 2005 \cdot 2200.1 + 2006 \cdot 2295.4 + 2008 \cdot 2535.6$

Step 7

Simplify the expression.

$\sum_{}^{} x y = 22531960$

Step 8

Sum up the values of $x^{2}$ .

$\sum_{}^{} x^{2} = {(1980)}^{2} + {(1985)}^{2} + {(1990)}^{2} + {(1995)}^{2} + {(2000)}^{2} + {(2005)}^{2} + {(2006)}^{2} + {(2008)}^{2}$

Step 9

Simplify the expression.

$\sum_{}^{} x^{2} = 31876875$

Step 10

Sum up the values of $y^{2}$ .

$\sum_{}^{} y^{2} = {(350.5)}^{2} + {(524)}^{2} + {(797.7)}^{2} + {(1010.4)}^{2} + {(1543.7)}^{2} + {(2200.1)}^{2} + {(2295.4)}^{2} + {(2535.6)}^{2}$

Step 11

Simplify the expression.

$\sum_{}^{} y^{2} = 20976238.3146802$

Step 12

Fill in the computed values.

$r = \frac{8 (22531960) - 15969 \cdot 11257.4}{\sqrt{8 (31876876) - {(15969)}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{8 (20976238) - {(11257.4)}^{2}}}$

Step 13

Simplify the expression.

$r = 0.97560794$

Step 14

Find the critical value for a confidence level of $0$ and $8$ degrees of freedom.

$t = 2.44691184$