Calculus Examples

Find the Local Maxima and Minima y=((x-5)^7)/((x-4)^6)
Step 1
Write as a function.
Step 2
Find the first derivative of the function.
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Step 2.1
Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that is where and .
Step 2.2
Multiply the exponents in .
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Step 2.2.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 2.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 2.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.4
Differentiate.
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Step 2.4.1
Move to the left of .
Step 2.4.2
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.4.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.4.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.4.5
Simplify the expression.
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Step 2.4.5.1
Add and .
Step 2.4.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.5
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 2.5.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.5.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.5.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.6
Differentiate.
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Step 2.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.6.2
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.6.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.6.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.6.5
Simplify the expression.
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Step 2.6.5.1
Add and .
Step 2.6.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.7
Simplify.
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Step 2.7.1
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 2.7.1.1
Factor out of .
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Step 2.7.1.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.7.1.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 2.7.1.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 2.7.1.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.7.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.7.1.4
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.7.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 2.7.1.6
Subtract from .
Step 2.7.1.7
Add and .
Step 2.7.2
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 2.7.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.7.2.2
Cancel the common factors.
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Step 2.7.2.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.7.2.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.7.2.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3
Find the second derivative of the function.
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Step 3.1
Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that is where and .
Step 3.2
Multiply the exponents in .
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Step 3.2.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 3.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.3
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 3.4
Differentiate.
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Step 3.4.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.4.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.4.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.4.4
Simplify the expression.
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Step 3.4.4.1
Add and .
Step 3.4.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.5
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 3.5.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.5.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.5.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.6
Differentiate.
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Step 3.6.1
Move to the left of .
Step 3.6.2
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.6.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.6.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.6.5
Simplify the expression.
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Step 3.6.5.1
Add and .
Step 3.6.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.7
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 3.7.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.7.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.7.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.8
Simplify with factoring out.
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Step 3.8.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.8.2
Factor out of .
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Step 3.8.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.8.2.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.8.2.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.9
Cancel the common factors.
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Step 3.9.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.9.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.9.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.10
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.11
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.12
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.13
Simplify the expression.
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Step 3.13.1
Add and .
Step 3.13.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.14
Simplify.
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Step 3.14.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.14.2
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 3.14.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 3.14.2.1.1
Use the Binomial Theorem.
Step 3.14.2.1.2
Simplify each term.
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Step 3.14.2.1.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.2.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.2.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.2.4
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.2.5
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.2.6
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.2.7
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.2.8
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.2.9
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.2.10
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.4
Use the Binomial Theorem.
Step 3.14.2.1.5
Simplify each term.
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Step 3.14.2.1.5.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.5.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.5.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.5.4
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.5.5
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.5.6
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.5.7
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.5.8
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.6
Expand by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.
Step 3.14.2.1.7
Simplify each term.
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Step 3.14.2.1.7.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.1.7.1.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.1.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.1.7.1.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.1.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.1.7.1.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.2
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.14.2.1.7.3
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.1.7.3.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.3.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.1.7.3.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.3.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.1.7.3.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.4
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.5
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.14.2.1.7.6
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.1.7.6.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.6.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.1.7.6.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.6.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.1.7.6.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.7
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.8
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.14.2.1.7.9
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.1.7.9.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.9.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.1.7.9.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.9.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.1.7.9.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.10
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.11
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.14.2.1.7.12
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.1.7.12.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.12.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.13
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.14
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.15
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.16
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.17
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.18
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.7.19
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.1.8
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.1.9
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.1.10
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.1.11
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.1.12
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.2
Combine the opposite terms in .
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Step 3.14.2.2.1
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.2.2
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.4
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.5
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.6
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.7
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.8
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.9
Expand by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.
Step 3.14.2.10
Simplify each term.
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Step 3.14.2.10.1
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.14.2.10.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.10.2.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.10.2.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.10.2.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.10.2.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.10.2.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.10.3
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.14.2.10.4
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.10.4.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.10.4.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.10.4.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.10.4.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.10.4.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.10.5
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.14.2.10.6
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.10.6.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.10.6.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.10.6.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.10.6.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.10.6.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.10.7
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.14.2.10.8
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.10.8.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.10.8.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.10.8.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.10.8.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.10.8.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.10.9
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.14.2.10.10
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.10.10.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.10.10.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.10.10.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.10.10.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.10.10.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.10.11
Move to the left of .
Step 3.14.2.10.12
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.10.13
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.10.14
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.10.15
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.10.16
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.10.17
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.11
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.12
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.13
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.14
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.15
Use the Binomial Theorem.
Step 3.14.2.16
Simplify each term.
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Step 3.14.2.16.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.16.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.16.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.16.4
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.16.5
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.16.6
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.16.7
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.16.8
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.16.9
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.16.10
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.17
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.14.2.18
Simplify.
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Step 3.14.2.18.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.18.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.18.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.18.4
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.18.5
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.18.6
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.19
Expand by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.
Step 3.14.2.20
Simplify each term.
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Step 3.14.2.20.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.20.1.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.20.1.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.20.1.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.20.1.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.20.1.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.20.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.20.3
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.20.3.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.20.3.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.20.3.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.20.3.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.20.3.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.20.4
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.20.5
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.20.5.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.20.5.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.20.5.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.20.5.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.20.5.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.20.6
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.20.7
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.20.7.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.20.7.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.20.7.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.20.7.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.20.7.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.20.8
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.20.9
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.20.9.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.20.9.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.14.2.20.9.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.14.2.20.9.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.14.2.20.9.3
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.20.10
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.20.11
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.14.2.20.11.1
Move .
Step 3.14.2.20.11.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.20.12
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.20.13
Multiply by .
Step 3.14.2.21
Combine the opposite terms in .
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Step 3.14.2.21.1
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.21.2
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.22
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.23
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.24
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.25
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.26
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.27
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.28
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.29
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.30
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.31
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.32
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.33
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.34
Add and .
Step 3.14.2.35
Subtract from .
Step 3.14.2.36
Reorder terms.
Step 3.14.2.37
Rewrite in a factored form.
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Step 3.14.2.37.1
Factor out of .
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Step 3.14.2.37.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.14.2.37.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.14.2.37.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.14.2.37.1.4
Factor out of .
Step 3.14.2.37.1.5
Factor out of .
Step 3.14.2.37.1.6
Factor out of .
Step 3.14.2.37.1.7
Factor out of .
Step 3.14.2.37.1.8
Factor out of .
Step 3.14.2.37.1.9
Factor out of .
Step 3.14.2.37.1.10
Factor out of .
Step 3.14.2.37.1.11
Factor out of .
Step 3.14.2.37.2
Make each term match the terms from the binomial theorem formula.
Step 3.14.2.37.3
Factor using the binomial theorem.
Step 4
To find the local maximum and minimum values of the function, set the derivative equal to and solve.
Step 5
Find the first derivative.
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Step 5.1
Find the first derivative.
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Step 5.1.1
Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that is where and .
Step 5.1.2
Multiply the exponents in .
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Step 5.1.2.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 5.1.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.1.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 5.1.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 5.1.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 5.1.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 5.1.4
Differentiate.
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Step 5.1.4.1
Move to the left of .
Step 5.1.4.2
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 5.1.4.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 5.1.4.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 5.1.4.5
Simplify the expression.
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Step 5.1.4.5.1
Add and .
Step 5.1.4.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.1.5
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 5.1.5.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 5.1.5.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 5.1.5.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 5.1.6
Differentiate.
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Step 5.1.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 5.1.6.2
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 5.1.6.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 5.1.6.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 5.1.6.5
Simplify the expression.
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Step 5.1.6.5.1
Add and .
Step 5.1.6.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.1.7
Simplify.
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Step 5.1.7.1
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 5.1.7.1.1
Factor out of .
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Step 5.1.7.1.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 5.1.7.1.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 5.1.7.1.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 5.1.7.1.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 5.1.7.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 5.1.7.1.4
Apply the distributive property.
Step 5.1.7.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 5.1.7.1.6
Subtract from .
Step 5.1.7.1.7
Add and .
Step 5.1.7.2
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 5.1.7.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 5.1.7.2.2
Cancel the common factors.
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Step 5.1.7.2.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 5.1.7.2.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 5.1.7.2.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 5.2
The first derivative of with respect to is .
Step 6
Set the first derivative equal to then solve the equation .
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Step 6.1
Set the first derivative equal to .
Step 6.2
Set the numerator equal to zero.
Step 6.3
Solve the equation for .
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Step 6.3.1
If any individual factor on the left side of the equation is equal to , the entire expression will be equal to .
Step 6.3.2
Set equal to and solve for .
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Step 6.3.2.1
Set equal to .
Step 6.3.2.2
Solve for .
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Step 6.3.2.2.1
Set the equal to .
Step 6.3.2.2.2
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 6.3.3
Set equal to and solve for .
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Step 6.3.3.1
Set equal to .
Step 6.3.3.2
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 6.3.4
The final solution is all the values that make true.
Step 7
Find the values where the derivative is undefined.
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Step 7.1
Set the denominator in equal to to find where the expression is undefined.
Step 7.2
Solve for .
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Step 7.2.1
Set the equal to .
Step 7.2.2
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 8
Critical points to evaluate.
Step 9
Evaluate the second derivative at . If the second derivative is positive, then this is a local minimum. If it is negative, then this is a local maximum.
Step 10
Evaluate the second derivative.
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Step 10.1
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 10.1.1
Subtract from .
Step 10.1.2
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 10.2
Simplify the denominator.
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Step 10.2.1
Subtract from .
Step 10.2.2
One to any power is one.
Step 10.3
Simplify the expression.
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Step 10.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 10.3.2
Divide by .
Step 11
Since there is at least one point with or undefined second derivative, apply the first derivative test.
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Step 11.1
Split into separate intervals around the values that make the first derivative or undefined.
Step 11.2
Substitute any number, such as , from the interval in the first derivative to check if the result is negative or positive.
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Step 11.2.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 11.2.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 11.2.2.1
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 11.2.2.1.1
Subtract from .
Step 11.2.2.1.2
Add and .
Step 11.2.2.1.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 11.2.2.2
Simplify the denominator.
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Step 11.2.2.2.1
Subtract from .
Step 11.2.2.2.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 11.2.2.3
Reduce the expression by cancelling the common factors.
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Step 11.2.2.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 11.2.2.3.2
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 11.2.2.3.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 11.2.2.3.2.2
Cancel the common factors.
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Step 11.2.2.3.2.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 11.2.2.3.2.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 11.2.2.3.2.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 11.2.2.4
The final answer is .
Step 11.3
Substitute any number, such as , from the interval in the first derivative to check if the result is negative or positive.
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Step 11.3.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 11.3.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 11.3.2.1
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 11.3.2.1.1
Subtract from .
Step 11.3.2.1.2
Add and .
Step 11.3.2.1.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 11.3.2.2
Simplify the denominator.
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Step 11.3.2.2.1
Subtract from .
Step 11.3.2.2.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 11.3.2.3
Reduce the expression by cancelling the common factors.
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Step 11.3.2.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 11.3.2.3.2
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 11.3.2.3.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 11.3.2.3.2.2
Cancel the common factors.
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Step 11.3.2.3.2.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 11.3.2.3.2.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 11.3.2.3.2.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 11.3.2.3.3
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 11.3.2.4
The final answer is .
Step 11.4
Substitute any number, such as , from the interval in the first derivative to check if the result is negative or positive.
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Step 11.4.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 11.4.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 11.4.2.1
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 11.4.2.1.1
Subtract from .
Step 11.4.2.1.2
Add and .
Step 11.4.2.1.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 11.4.2.2
Simplify the denominator.
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Step 11.4.2.2.1
Subtract from .
Step 11.4.2.2.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 11.4.2.3
Reduce the expression by cancelling the common factors.
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Step 11.4.2.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 11.4.2.3.2
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 11.4.2.3.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 11.4.2.3.2.2
Cancel the common factors.
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Step 11.4.2.3.2.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 11.4.2.3.2.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 11.4.2.3.2.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 11.4.2.4
The final answer is .
Step 11.5
Since the first derivative changed signs from positive to negative around , then is a local maximum.
is a local maximum
Step 11.6
Since the first derivative changed signs from negative to positive around , then is a local minimum.
is a local minimum
Step 11.7
These are the local extrema for .
is a local maximum
is a local minimum
is a local maximum
is a local minimum
Step 12