Calculus Examples

$\int_{1}^{7} t^{3} - 10 t^{2} + 27 t - 18 d t$

Step 1

Split the single integral into multiple integrals.

$\int_{1}^{7} t^{3} d t + \int_{1}^{7} - 10 t^{2} d t + \int_{1}^{7} 27 t d t + \int_{1}^{7} - 18 d t$

Step 2

By the Power Rule, the integral of $t^{3}$ with respect to $t$ is $\frac{1}{4} t^{4}$ .

$\frac{1}{4} t^{4}]_{1}^{7} + \int_{1}^{7} - 10 t^{2} d t + \int_{1}^{7} 27 t d t + \int_{1}^{7} - 18 d t$

Step 3

Since $- 10$ is constant with respect to $t$ , move $- 10$ out of the integral.

$\frac{1}{4} t^{4}]_{1}^{7} - 10 \int_{1}^{7} t^{2} d t + \int_{1}^{7} 27 t d t + \int_{1}^{7} - 18 d t$

Step 4

By the Power Rule, the integral of $t^{2}$ with respect to $t$ is $\frac{1}{3} t^{3}$ .

$\frac{1}{4} t^{4}]_{1}^{7} - 10 (\frac{1}{3} t^{3}]_{1}^{7}) + \int_{1}^{7} 27 t d t + \int_{1}^{7} - 18 d t$

Step 5

Combine $\frac{1}{3}$ and $t^{3}$ .

$\frac{1}{4} t^{4}]_{1}^{7} - 10 (\frac{t^{3}}{3}]_{1}^{7}) + \int_{1}^{7} 27 t d t + \int_{1}^{7} - 18 d t$

Step 6

Since $27$ is constant with respect to $t$ , move $27$ out of the integral.

$\frac{1}{4} t^{4}]_{1}^{7} - 10 (\frac{t^{3}}{3}]_{1}^{7}) + 27 \int_{1}^{7} t d t + \int_{1}^{7} - 18 d t$

Step 7

By the Power Rule, the integral of $t$ with respect to $t$ is $\frac{1}{2} t^{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{4} t^{4}]_{1}^{7} - 10 (\frac{t^{3}}{3}]_{1}^{7}) + 27 (\frac{1}{2} t^{2}]_{1}^{7}) + \int_{1}^{7} - 18 d t$

Step 8

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $t^{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{4} t^{4}]_{1}^{7} - 10 (\frac{t^{3}}{3}]_{1}^{7}) + 27 (\frac{t^{2}}{2}]_{1}^{7}) + \int_{1}^{7} - 18 d t$

Step 9

Apply the constant rule.

$\frac{1}{4} t^{4}]_{1}^{7} - 10 (\frac{t^{3}}{3}]_{1}^{7}) + 27 (\frac{t^{2}}{2}]_{1}^{7}) + - 18 t]_{1}^{7}$

Step 10

Simplify the answer.

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Step 10.1

Combine $\frac{1}{4} t^{4}]_{1}^{7}$ and $- 18 t]_{1}^{7}$ .

$\frac{1}{4} t^{4} - 18 t]_{1}^{7} - 10 (\frac{t^{3}}{3}]_{1}^{7}) + 27 (\frac{t^{2}}{2}]_{1}^{7})$

Step 10.2

Substitute and simplify.

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Step 10.2.1

Evaluate $\frac{1}{4} t^{4} - 18 t$ at $7$ and at $1$ .

$(\frac{1}{4} \cdot 7^{4} - 18 \cdot 7) - (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1^{4} - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 (\frac{t^{3}}{3}]_{1}^{7}) + 27 (\frac{t^{2}}{2}]_{1}^{7})$

Step 10.2.2

Evaluate $\frac{t^{3}}{3}$ at $7$ and at $1$ .

$(\frac{1}{4} \cdot 7^{4} - 18 \cdot 7) - (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1^{4} - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 ((\frac{7^{3}}{3}) - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{t^{2}}{2}]_{1}^{7})$

Step 10.2.3

Evaluate $\frac{t^{2}}{2}$ at $7$ and at $1$ .

$(\frac{1}{4} \cdot 7^{4} - 18 \cdot 7) - (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1^{4} - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4

Simplify.

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Step 10.2.4.1

Raise $7$ to the power of $4$ .

$\frac{1}{4} \cdot 2401 - 18 \cdot 7 - (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1^{4} - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.2

Combine $\frac{1}{4}$ and $2401$ .

$\frac{2401}{4} - 18 \cdot 7 - (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1^{4} - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.3

Multiply $- 18$ by $7$ .

$\frac{2401}{4} - 126 - (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1^{4} - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.4

To write $- 126$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{4}{4}$ .

$\frac{2401}{4} - 126 \cdot \frac{4}{4} - (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1^{4} - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.5

Combine $- 126$ and $\frac{4}{4}$ .

$\frac{2401}{4} + \frac{- 126 \cdot 4}{4} - (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1^{4} - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.6

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2401 - 126 \cdot 4}{4} - (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1^{4} - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.7

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 10.2.4.7.1

Multiply $- 126$ by $4$ .

$\frac{2401 - 504}{4} - (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1^{4} - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.7.2

Subtract $504$ from $2401$ .

$\frac{1897}{4} - (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1^{4} - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.8

One to any power is one.

$\frac{1897}{4} - (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.9

Multiply $\frac{1}{4}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{1897}{4} - (\frac{1}{4} - 18 \cdot 1) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.10

Multiply $- 18$ by $1$ .

$\frac{1897}{4} - (\frac{1}{4} - 18) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.11

To write $- 18$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{4}{4}$ .

$\frac{1897}{4} - (\frac{1}{4} - 18 \cdot \frac{4}{4}) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.12

Combine $- 18$ and $\frac{4}{4}$ .

$\frac{1897}{4} - (\frac{1}{4} + \frac{- 18 \cdot 4}{4}) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.13

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{1897}{4} - \frac{1 - 18 \cdot 4}{4} - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.14

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 10.2.4.14.1

Multiply $- 18$ by $4$ .

$\frac{1897}{4} - \frac{1 - 72}{4} - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.14.2

Subtract $72$ from $1$ .

$\frac{1897}{4} - \frac{- 71}{4} - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.15

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{1897}{4} - - \frac{71}{4} - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.16

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{1897}{4} + 1 (\frac{71}{4}) - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.17

Multiply $\frac{71}{4}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{1897}{4} + \frac{71}{4} - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.18

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{1897 + 71}{4} - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.19

Add $1897$ and $71$ .

$\frac{1968}{4} - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.20

Cancel the common factor of $1968$ and $4$ .

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Step 10.2.4.20.1

Factor $4$ out of $1968$ .

$\frac{4 \cdot 492}{4} - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.20.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 10.2.4.20.2.1

Factor $4$ out of $4$ .

$\frac{4 \cdot 492}{4 (1)} - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.20.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{4 \cdot 492}{4 \cdot 1} - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.20.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{492}{1} - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.20.2.4

Divide $492$ by $1$ .

$492 - 10 (\frac{7^{3}}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.21

Raise $7$ to the power of $3$ .

$492 - 10 (\frac{343}{3} - \frac{1^{3}}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.22

One to any power is one.

$492 - 10 (\frac{343}{3} - \frac{1}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.23

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$492 - 10 \frac{343 - 1}{3} + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.24

Subtract $1$ from $343$ .

$492 - 10 (\frac{342}{3}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.25

Cancel the common factor of $342$ and $3$ .

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Step 10.2.4.25.1

Factor $3$ out of $342$ .

$492 - 10 \frac{3 \cdot 114}{3} + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.25.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 10.2.4.25.2.1

Factor $3$ out of $3$ .

$492 - 10 \frac{3 \cdot 114}{3 (1)} + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.25.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$492 - 10 \frac{3 \cdot 114}{3 \cdot 1} + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.25.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$492 - 10 (\frac{114}{1}) + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.25.2.4

Divide $114$ by $1$ .

$492 - 10 \cdot 114 + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.26

Multiply $- 10$ by $114$ .

$492 - 1140 + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.27

Subtract $1140$ from $492$ .

$- 648 + 27 (\frac{7^{2}}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.28

Raise $7$ to the power of $2$ .

$- 648 + 27 (\frac{49}{2} - \frac{1^{2}}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.29

One to any power is one.

$- 648 + 27 (\frac{49}{2} - \frac{1}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.30

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- 648 + 27 \frac{49 - 1}{2}$

Step 10.2.4.31

Subtract $1$ from $49$ .

$- 648 + 27 (\frac{48}{2})$

Step 10.2.4.32

Cancel the common factor of $48$ and $2$ .

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Step 10.2.4.32.1

Factor $2$ out of $48$ .

$- 648 + 27 \frac{2 \cdot 24}{2}$

Step 10.2.4.32.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 10.2.4.32.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$- 648 + 27 \frac{2 \cdot 24}{2 (1)}$

Step 10.2.4.32.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$- 648 + 27 \frac{2 \cdot 24}{2 \cdot 1}$

Step 10.2.4.32.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$- 648 + 27 (\frac{24}{1})$

Step 10.2.4.32.2.4

Divide $24$ by $1$ .

$- 648 + 27 \cdot 24$

Step 10.2.4.33

Multiply $27$ by $24$ .

$- 648 + 648$

Step 10.2.4.34

Add $- 648$ and $648$ .

$0$

Step 11