Calculus Examples

$y = \sqrt{x} \ln (x)$

Step 1

Find the first derivative.

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Step 1.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{x}$ as $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} \ln (x)]$

Step 1.2

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $g (x) = \ln (x)$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)] + \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 1.3

The derivative of $\ln (x)$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{x}$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{1}{x} + \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 1.4

Combine fractions.

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Step 1.4.1

Combine $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $\frac{1}{x}$ .

$\frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x} + \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 1.4.2

Move $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{n} = \frac{1}{b^{- n}}$ .

$\frac{1}{x \cdot x^{- \frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 1.5

Multiply $x$ by $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 1.5.1

Multiply $x$ by $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

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Step 1.5.1.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{1} x^{- \frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 1.5.1.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{1}{x^{1 - \frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 1.5.2

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$\frac{1}{x^{\frac{2}{2} - \frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 1.5.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{1}{x^{\frac{2 - 1}{2}}} + \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 1.5.4

Subtract $1$ from $2$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 1.6

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1})$

Step 1.7

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}})$

Step 1.8

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}})$

Step 1.9

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}})$

Step 1.10

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 1.10.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}})$

Step 1.10.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{- 1}{2}})$

Step 1.11

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{- \frac{1}{2}})$

Step 1.12

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \ln (x) \frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2}$

Step 1.13

Combine $\ln (x)$ and $\frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{\ln (x) x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2}$

Step 1.14

Move $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$f' (x) = \frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2

Find the second derivative.

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Step 2.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$ .

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Step 2.2.1

Rewrite $\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ as ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{- 1}$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{- 1}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{- 1}$ and $g (x) = x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

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Step 2.2.2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{d}{d u} [u^{- 1}] \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u} [u^{n}]$ is $n u^{n - 1}$ where $n = - 1$ .

$- u^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$- {(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$- {(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{- 2} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.4

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{- 2}$ .

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Step 2.2.4.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$- x^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot - 2} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.4.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 2.2.4.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $- 2$ .

$- x^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot (2 (- 1))} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.4.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$- x^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot (2 \cdot - 1)} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.4.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$- x^{- 1} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.5

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- x^{- 1} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.6

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- x^{- 1} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.7

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- x^{- 1} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.8

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 2.2.8.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$- x^{- 1} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.8.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$- x^{- 1} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{- 1}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.9

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- x^{- 1} (\frac{1}{2} x^{- \frac{1}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.10

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$- x^{- 1} \frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.11

Combine $\frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2}$ and $x^{- 1}$ .

$- \frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}} x^{- 1}}{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.12

Multiply $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ by $x^{- 1}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 2.2.12.1

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$- \frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2} - 1}}{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.12.2

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}}}{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.12.3

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}}}{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.12.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{x^{\frac{- 1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}}}{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.12.5

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 2.2.12.5.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$- \frac{x^{\frac{- 1 - 2}{2}}}{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.12.5.2

Subtract $2$ from $- 1$ .

$- \frac{x^{\frac{- 3}{2}}}{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.12.6

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{x^{- \frac{3}{2}}}{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.2.13

Move $x^{- \frac{3}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.3

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$ .

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Step 2.3.1

Since $\frac{1}{2}$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{2} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}]$

Step 2.3.2

Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{f (x)}{g (x)}]$ is $\frac{g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)] - f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)]}{{g (x)}^{2}}$ where $f (x) = \ln (x)$ and $g (x) = x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)] - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.3

The derivative of $\ln (x)$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{x}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{1}{x} - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}]}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.4

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{1}{x} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.5

Combine $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $\frac{1}{x}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.6

Move $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{n} = \frac{1}{b^{- n}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x \cdot x^{- \frac{1}{2}}} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.7

Multiply $x$ by $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 2.3.7.1

Multiply $x$ by $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

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Step 2.3.7.1.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{1} x^{- \frac{1}{2}}} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.7.1.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{1 - \frac{1}{2}}} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.7.2

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{2}{2} - \frac{1}{2}}} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.7.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{2 - 1}{2}}} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.7.4

Subtract $1$ from $2$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.8

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.9

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.10

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.11

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 2.3.11.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.11.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{- 1}{2}})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.12

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \ln (x) (\frac{1}{2} x^{- \frac{1}{2}})}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.13

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \ln (x) \frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2}}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.14

Combine $\frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2}$ and $\ln (x)$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}} \ln (x)}{2}}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.15

Move $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3.16

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}$ .

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Step 2.3.16.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{x^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2}}$

Step 2.3.16.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 2.3.16.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{x^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2}}$

Step 2.3.16.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{x^{1}}$

Step 2.3.17

Simplify.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{x}$

Step 2.3.18

Multiply $\frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{x}$ by $\frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} (\frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{x})$

Step 2.3.19

Combine.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} (\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}})}{x^{\frac{1}{2}} x}$

Step 2.3.20

Apply the distributive property.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (- \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}})}{x^{\frac{1}{2}} x}$

Step 2.3.21

Cancel the common factor of $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

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Step 2.3.21.1

Cancel the common factor.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (- \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}})}{x^{\frac{1}{2}} x}$

Step 2.3.21.2

Rewrite the expression.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1 + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (- \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}})}{x^{\frac{1}{2}} x}$

Step 2.3.22

Combine $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $\frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} \ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{x^{\frac{1}{2}} x}$

Step 2.3.23

Cancel the common factor.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} \ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{x^{\frac{1}{2}} x}$

Step 2.3.24

Rewrite the expression.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{\ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{1}{2}} x}$

Step 2.3.25

Multiply $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 2.3.25.1

Multiply $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by $x$ .

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Step 2.3.25.1.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{\ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{1}{2}} x^{1}}$

Step 2.3.25.1.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{\ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{1}{2} + 1}}$

Step 2.3.25.2

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{\ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{2}{2}}}$

Step 2.3.25.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{\ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{1 + 2}{2}}}$

Step 2.3.25.4

Add $1$ and $2$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{\ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$

Step 2.3.26

Multiply $\frac{1}{2}$ by $\frac{1 - \frac{\ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}} + \frac{1 - \frac{\ln (x)}{2}}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$

Step 2.4

Combine terms.

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Step 2.4.1

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- 1 + 1 - \frac{\ln (x)}{2}}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$

Step 2.4.2

Add $- 1$ and $1$ .

$\frac{0 - \frac{\ln (x)}{2}}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$

Step 2.4.3

Subtract $\frac{\ln (x)}{2}$ from $0$ .

$\frac{- \frac{\ln (x)}{2}}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$

Step 2.4.4

Rewrite $\frac{- \frac{\ln (x)}{2}}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$ as a product.

$- \frac{\ln (x)}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$

Step 2.4.5

Multiply $\frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$ by $\frac{\ln (x)}{2}$ .

$- \frac{\ln (x)}{2 x^{\frac{3}{2}} \cdot 2}$

Step 2.4.6

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$f'' (x) = - \frac{\ln (x)}{4 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$

Step 3

Find the third derivative.

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Step 3.1

Since $- \frac{1}{4}$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- \frac{\ln (x)}{4 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$ with respect to $x$ is $- \frac{1}{4} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{x^{\frac{3}{2}}}]$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{\ln (x)}{x^{\frac{3}{2}}}]$

Step 3.2

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)] - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{{(x^{\frac{3}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 3.3

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{\frac{3}{2}})}^{2}$ .

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Step 3.3.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)] - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{x^{\frac{3}{2} \cdot 2}}$

Step 3.3.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 3.3.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)] - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{x^{\frac{3}{2} \cdot 2}}$

Step 3.3.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)] - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.4

The derivative of $\ln (x)$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{x}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}} \frac{1}{x} - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.5

Combine $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ and $\frac{1}{x}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{x} - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.6

Move $x^{1}$ to the numerator using the negative exponent rule $\frac{1}{b^{n}} = b^{- n}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}} x^{- 1} - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.7

Multiply $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ by $x^{- 1}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 3.7.1

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2} - 1} - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.7.2

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}} - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.7.3

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}} - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.7.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{3 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}} - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.7.5

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 3.7.5.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{3 - 2}{2}} - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.7.5.2

Subtract $2$ from $3$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} - \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}]}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.8

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{3}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} - \ln (x) (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2} - 1})}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.9

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} - \ln (x) (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}})}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.10

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} - \ln (x) (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}})}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.11

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} - \ln (x) (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}})}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.12

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 3.12.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} - \ln (x) (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3 - 2}{2}})}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.12.2

Subtract $2$ from $3$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} - \ln (x) (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2}})}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.13

Combine $\frac{3}{2}$ and $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} - \ln (x) \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2}}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.14

Combine $\frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2}$ and $\ln (x)$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} - \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}} \ln (x)}{2}}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.15

Factor $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ out of $x^{\frac{1}{2}} - \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}} \ln (x)}{2}$ .

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Step 3.15.1

Multiply by $1$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot 1 - \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}} \ln (x)}{2}}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.15.2

Factor $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ out of $- \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}} \ln (x)}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot 1 + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (- \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2})}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.15.3

Factor $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ out of $x^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot 1 + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (- \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2})$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} (1 - \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2})}{x^{3}}$

Step 3.16

Move $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{n} = \frac{1}{b^{- n}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2}}{x^{3} x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 3.17

Multiply $x^{3}$ by $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 3.17.1

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2}}{x^{3 - \frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 3.17.2

To write $3$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2}}{x^{3 \cdot \frac{2}{2} - \frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 3.17.3

Combine $3$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{3 \cdot 2}{2} - \frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 3.17.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{3 \cdot 2 - 1}{2}}}$

Step 3.17.5

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 3.17.5.1

Multiply $3$ by $2$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{6 - 1}{2}}}$

Step 3.17.5.2

Subtract $1$ from $6$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{1 - \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{5}{2}}}$

Step 3.18

Combine fractions.

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Step 3.18.1

Multiply $\frac{1 - \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{5}{2}}}$ by $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$- \frac{1 - \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2}}{x^{\frac{5}{2}} \cdot 4}$

Step 3.18.2

Move $4$ to the left of $x^{\frac{5}{2}}$ .

$- \frac{1 - \frac{3 \ln (x)}{2}}{4 \cdot x^{\frac{5}{2}}}$

Step 3.19

Simplify each term.

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Step 3.19.1

Rewrite $\frac{3 \ln (x)}{2}$ as $\frac{3}{2} \ln (x)$ .

$- \frac{1 - (\frac{3}{2} \ln (x))}{4 x^{\frac{5}{2}}}$

Step 3.19.2

Simplify $\frac{3}{2} \ln (x)$ by moving $\frac{3}{2}$ inside the logarithm.

$f''' (x) = - \frac{1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{4 x^{\frac{5}{2}}}$

Step 4

Find the fourth derivative.

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Step 4.1

Since $- \frac{1}{4}$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- \frac{1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{4 x^{\frac{5}{2}}}$ with respect to $x$ is $- \frac{1}{4} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{x^{\frac{5}{2}}}]$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{x^{\frac{5}{2}}}]$

Step 4.2

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{5}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})] - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{{(x^{\frac{5}{2}})}^{2}}$

Step 4.3

Differentiate.

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Step 4.3.1

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{\frac{5}{2}})}^{2}$ .

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Step 4.3.1.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{5}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})] - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{\frac{5}{2} \cdot 2}}$

Step 4.3.1.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 4.3.1.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{5}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})] - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{\frac{5}{2} \cdot 2}}$

Step 4.3.1.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{5}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})] - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.3.2

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [1] + \frac{d}{d x} [- \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})]$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{5}{2}} (\frac{d}{d x} [1] + \frac{d}{d x} [- \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})]) - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.3.3

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{5}{2}} (0 + \frac{d}{d x} [- \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})]) - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.3.4

Add $0$ and $\frac{d}{d x} [- \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})]$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{5}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [- \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})] - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.3.5

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})$ with respect to $x$ is $- \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})]$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{5}{2}} (- \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})]) - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.4

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = \ln (x)$ and $g (x) = x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

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Step 4.4.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{5}{2}} (- (\frac{d}{d u} [\ln (u)] \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}])) - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.4.2

The derivative of $\ln (u)$ with respect to $u$ is $\frac{1}{u}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{5}{2}} (- (\frac{1}{u} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}])) - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.4.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{5}{2}} (- (\frac{1}{x^{\frac{3}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}])) - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.5

Combine $x^{\frac{5}{2}}$ and $\frac{1}{x^{\frac{3}{2}}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{x^{\frac{5}{2}}}{x^{\frac{3}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}] - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.6

Move $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ to the numerator using the negative exponent rule $\frac{1}{b^{n}} = b^{- n}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- (x^{\frac{5}{2}} x^{- \frac{3}{2}}) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}] - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.7

Multiply $x^{\frac{5}{2}}$ by $x^{- \frac{3}{2}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.7.1

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- x^{\frac{5}{2} - \frac{3}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}] - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.7.2

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- x^{\frac{5 - 3}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}] - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.7.3

Subtract $3$ from $5$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- x^{\frac{2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}] - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.7.4

Divide $2$ by $2$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- x^{1} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}] - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.8

Simplify $x^{1}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- x \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}] - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.9

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{3}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- x (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2} - 1}) - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.10

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- x (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}}) - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.11

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- x (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.12

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- x (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.13

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 4.13.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- x (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3 - 2}{2}}) - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.13.2

Subtract $2$ from $3$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- x (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2}}) - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.14

Combine $\frac{3}{2}$ and $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- x \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.15

Combine $\frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2}$ and $x$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}} x}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.16

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 (x^{1} x^{\frac{1}{2}})}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.17

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{1 + \frac{1}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.18

Simplify the expression.

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Step 4.18.1

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{2}{2} + \frac{1}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.18.2

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{2 + 1}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.18.3

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.19

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{5}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5}{2} - 1})}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.20

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}})}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.21

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}})}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.22

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}})}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.23

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 4.23.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5 - 2}{2}})}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.23.2

Subtract $2$ from $5$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.24

Combine $\frac{5}{2}$ and $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.25

To write $- (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{2}}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.26

Combine $- (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- \frac{3 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} + \frac{- (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} \cdot 2}{2}}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.27

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} \cdot 2}{2}}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.28

Multiply $2$ by $- 1$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 2 (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})) \frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}}{2}}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.29

Combine $\frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}$ and $- 2$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} \cdot - 2}{2} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2}}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.30

Multiply $- 2$ by $5$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{- 10 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2}}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.31

Factor $2$ out of $- 10 x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 (- 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2}}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.32

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 4.32.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 (- 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2 (1)} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2}}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.32.2

Cancel the common factor.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 (- 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2 \cdot 1} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2}}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.32.3

Rewrite the expression.

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{- 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{1} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2}}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.32.4

Divide $- 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ by $1$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2}}{x^{5}}$

Step 4.33

Rewrite $\frac{\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2}}{x^{5}}$ as a product.

$- \frac{1}{4} (\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{x^{5}})$

Step 4.34

Multiply $\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2}$ by $\frac{1}{x^{5}}$ .

$- \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2 x^{5}}$

Step 4.35

Multiply $\frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2 x^{5}}$ by $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$- \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{2 x^{5} \cdot 4}$

Step 4.36

Multiply $4$ by $2$ .

$- \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} (1 - \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{8 x^{5}}$

Step 4.37

Simplify.

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Step 4.37.1

Apply the distributive property.

$- \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} \cdot 1 - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} (- \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{8 x^{5}}$

Step 4.37.2

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 4.37.2.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 4.37.2.1.1

Multiply $- 5$ by $1$ .

$- \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} (- \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))}{8 x^{5}}$

Step 4.37.2.1.2

Multiply $- 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} (- \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}}))$ .

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Step 4.37.2.1.2.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 5$ .

$- \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{8 x^{5}}$

Step 4.37.2.1.2.2

Simplify $5 \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2}})$ by moving $5$ inside the logarithm.

$- \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + x^{\frac{3}{2}} \ln ({(x^{\frac{3}{2}})}^{5})}{8 x^{5}}$

Step 4.37.2.1.3

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{\frac{3}{2}})}^{5}$ .

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Step 4.37.2.1.3.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$- \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + x^{\frac{3}{2}} \ln (x^{\frac{3}{2} \cdot 5})}{8 x^{5}}$

Step 4.37.2.1.3.2

Multiply $\frac{3}{2} \cdot 5$ .

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Step 4.37.2.1.3.2.1

Combine $\frac{3}{2}$ and $5$ .

$- \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + x^{\frac{3}{2}} \ln (x^{\frac{3 \cdot 5}{2}})}{8 x^{5}}$

Step 4.37.2.1.3.2.2

Multiply $3$ by $5$ .

$- \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}} - 5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + x^{\frac{3}{2}} \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{5}}$

Step 4.37.2.2

Subtract $5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ from $- 3 x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

$- \frac{- 8 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + x^{\frac{3}{2}} \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{5}}$

Step 4.37.3

Factor $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ out of $- 8 x^{\frac{3}{2}} + x^{\frac{3}{2}} \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})$ .

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Step 4.37.3.1

Factor $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ out of $- 8 x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

$- \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}} \cdot - 8 + x^{\frac{3}{2}} \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{5}}$

Step 4.37.3.2

Factor $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ out of $x^{\frac{3}{2}} \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})$ .

$- \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}} \cdot - 8 + x^{\frac{3}{2}} (\ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}}))}{8 x^{5}}$

Step 4.37.3.3

Factor $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ out of $x^{\frac{3}{2}} \cdot - 8 + x^{\frac{3}{2}} (\ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}}))$ .

$- \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}} (- 8 + \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}}))}{8 x^{5}}$

Step 4.37.4

Move $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{n} = \frac{1}{b^{- n}}$ .

$- \frac{- 8 + \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{5} x^{- \frac{3}{2}}}$

Step 4.37.5

Multiply $x^{5}$ by $x^{- \frac{3}{2}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.37.5.1

Move $x^{- \frac{3}{2}}$ .

$- \frac{- 8 + \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 (x^{- \frac{3}{2}} x^{5})}$

Step 4.37.5.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$- \frac{- 8 + \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{- \frac{3}{2} + 5}}$

Step 4.37.5.3

To write $5$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{- 8 + \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{- \frac{3}{2} + 5 \cdot \frac{2}{2}}}$

Step 4.37.5.4

Combine $5$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- \frac{- 8 + \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{- \frac{3}{2} + \frac{5 \cdot 2}{2}}}$

Step 4.37.5.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- \frac{- 8 + \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{\frac{- 3 + 5 \cdot 2}{2}}}$

Step 4.37.5.6

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 4.37.5.6.1

Multiply $5$ by $2$ .

$- \frac{- 8 + \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{\frac{- 3 + 10}{2}}}$

Step 4.37.5.6.2

Add $- 3$ and $10$ .

$- \frac{- 8 + \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{\frac{7}{2}}}$

Step 4.37.6

Rewrite $- 8$ as $- 1 (8)$ .

$- \frac{- 1 (8) + \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{\frac{7}{2}}}$

Step 4.37.7

Factor $- 1$ out of $\ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})$ .

$- \frac{- 1 (8) - 1 (- \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}}))}{8 x^{\frac{7}{2}}}$

Step 4.37.8

Factor $- 1$ out of $- 1 (8) - 1 (- \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}}))$ .

$- \frac{- 1 (8 - \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}}))}{8 x^{\frac{7}{2}}}$

Step 4.37.9

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- - \frac{8 - \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{\frac{7}{2}}}$

Step 4.37.10

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$1 \frac{8 - \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{\frac{7}{2}}}$

Step 4.37.11

Multiply $\frac{8 - \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{\frac{7}{2}}}$ by $1$ .

$f^{4} (x) = \frac{8 - \ln (x^{\frac{15}{2}})}{8 x^{\frac{7}{2}}}$