Calculus Examples

$G (y) = \frac{{(y - 2)}^{5}}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}}$

Step 1

Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d y} [\frac{f (y)}{g (y)}]$ is $\frac{g (y) \frac{d}{d y} [f (y)] - f (y) \frac{d}{d y} [g (y)]}{{g (y)}^{2}}$ where $f (y) = {(y - 2)}^{5}$ and $g (y) = {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}$ .

$\frac{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y - 2)}^{5}] - {(y - 2)}^{5} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}]}{{({(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9})}^{2}}$

Step 2

Multiply the exponents in ${({(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9})}^{2}$ .

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Step 2.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\frac{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y - 2)}^{5}] - {(y - 2)}^{5} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}]}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9 \cdot 2}}$

Step 2.2

Multiply $9$ by $2$ .

$\frac{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y - 2)}^{5}] - {(y - 2)}^{5} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}]}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 3

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d y} [f (g (y))]$ is $f' (g (y)) g' (y)$ where $f (y) = y^{5}$ and $g (y) = y - 2$ .

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Step 3.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{1}$ as $y - 2$ .

$\frac{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} (\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{5}] \frac{d}{d y} [y - 2]) - {(y - 2)}^{5} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}]}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 3.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{1}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = 5$ .

$\frac{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} (5 {u_{1}}^{4} \frac{d}{d y} [y - 2]) - {(y - 2)}^{5} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}]}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 3.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $y - 2$ .

$\frac{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} (5 {(y - 2)}^{4} \frac{d}{d y} [y - 2]) - {(y - 2)}^{5} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}]}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 4

Differentiate.

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Step 4.1

Move $5$ to the left of ${(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} \frac{d}{d y} [y - 2] - {(y - 2)}^{5} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}]}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 4.2

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $y - 2$ with respect to $y$ is $\frac{d}{d y} [y] + \frac{d}{d y} [- 2]$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} (\frac{d}{d y} [y] + \frac{d}{d y} [- 2]) - {(y - 2)}^{5} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}]}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 4.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d y} [y^{n}]$ is $n y^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} (1 + \frac{d}{d y} [- 2]) - {(y - 2)}^{5} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}]}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 4.4

Since $- 2$ is constant with respect to $y$ , the derivative of $- 2$ with respect to $y$ is $0$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} (1 + 0) - {(y - 2)}^{5} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}]}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 4.5

Simplify the expression.

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Step 4.5.1

Add $1$ and $0$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} \cdot 1 - {(y - 2)}^{5} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}]}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 4.5.2

Multiply $5$ by $1$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} - {(y - 2)}^{5} \frac{d}{d y} [{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9}]}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 5

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d y} [f (g (y))]$ is $f' (g (y)) g' (y)$ where $f (y) = y^{9}$ and $g (y) = y^{2} + 4 y$ .

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Step 5.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{2}$ as $y^{2} + 4 y$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} - {(y - 2)}^{5} (\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [{u_{2}}^{9}] \frac{d}{d y} [y^{2} + 4 y])}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 5.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [{u_{2}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{2}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = 9$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} - {(y - 2)}^{5} (9 {u_{2}}^{8} \frac{d}{d y} [y^{2} + 4 y])}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 5.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with $y^{2} + 4 y$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} - {(y - 2)}^{5} (9 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} \frac{d}{d y} [y^{2} + 4 y])}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 6

Differentiate.

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Step 6.1

Multiply $9$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} - 9 {(y - 2)}^{5} ({(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} \frac{d}{d y} [y^{2} + 4 y])}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 6.2

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $y^{2} + 4 y$ with respect to $y$ is $\frac{d}{d y} [y^{2}] + \frac{d}{d y} [4 y]$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} - 9 {(y - 2)}^{5} ({(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} (\frac{d}{d y} [y^{2}] + \frac{d}{d y} [4 y]))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 6.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d y} [y^{n}]$ is $n y^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} - 9 {(y - 2)}^{5} ({(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} (2 y + \frac{d}{d y} [4 y]))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 6.4

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $y$ , the derivative of $4 y$ with respect to $y$ is $4 \frac{d}{d y} [y]$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} - 9 {(y - 2)}^{5} ({(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} (2 y + 4 \frac{d}{d y} [y]))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 6.5

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d y} [y^{n}]$ is $n y^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} - 9 {(y - 2)}^{5} ({(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} (2 y + 4 \cdot 1))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 6.6

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$\frac{5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} - 9 {(y - 2)}^{5} ({(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7

Simplify.

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Step 7.1

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 7.1.1

Factor ${(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4}$ out of $5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4} - 9 {(y - 2)}^{5} ({(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} (2 y + 4))$ .

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Step 7.1.1.1

Factor ${(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4}$ out of $5 {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{9} {(y - 2)}^{4}$ .

$\frac{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 (y^{2} + 4 y)) - 9 {(y - 2)}^{5} ({(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.1.2

Factor ${(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4}$ out of $- 9 {(y - 2)}^{5} ({(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} (2 y + 4))$ .

$\frac{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 (y^{2} + 4 y)) + {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 9 (y - 2) (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.1.3

Factor ${(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4}$ out of ${(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 (y^{2} + 4 y)) + {(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 9 (y - 2) (2 y + 4))$ .

$\frac{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 (y^{2} + 4 y) - 9 (y - 2) (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.2

Factor $y$ out of $y^{2} + 4 y$ .

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Step 7.1.2.1

Factor $y$ out of $y^{2}$ .

$\frac{{(y \cdot y + 4 y)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 (y^{2} + 4 y) - 9 (y - 2) (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.2.2

Factor $y$ out of $4 y$ .

$\frac{{(y \cdot y + y \cdot 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 (y^{2} + 4 y) - 9 (y - 2) (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.2.3

Factor $y$ out of $y \cdot y + y \cdot 4$ .

$\frac{{(y (y + 4))}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 (y^{2} + 4 y) - 9 (y - 2) (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.3

Apply the product rule to $y (y + 4)$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 (y^{2} + 4 y) - 9 (y - 2) (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.4

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 5 (4 y) - 9 (y - 2) (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.5

Multiply $4$ by $5$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 9 (y - 2) (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.6

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y + (- 9 y - 9 \cdot - 2) (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.7

Multiply $- 9$ by $- 2$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y + (- 9 y + 18) (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.8

Expand $(- 9 y + 18) (2 y + 4)$ using the FOIL Method.

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Step 7.1.8.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 9 y (2 y + 4) + 18 (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.8.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 9 y (2 y) - 9 y \cdot 4 + 18 (2 y + 4))}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.8.3

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 9 y (2 y) - 9 y \cdot 4 + 18 (2 y) + 18 \cdot 4)}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.9

Simplify and combine like terms.

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Step 7.1.9.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 7.1.9.1.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 9 \cdot 2 y \cdot y - 9 y \cdot 4 + 18 (2 y) + 18 \cdot 4)}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.9.1.2

Multiply $y$ by $y$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 7.1.9.1.2.1

Move $y$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 9 \cdot 2 (y \cdot y) - 9 y \cdot 4 + 18 (2 y) + 18 \cdot 4)}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.9.1.2.2

Multiply $y$ by $y$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 9 \cdot 2 y^{2} - 9 y \cdot 4 + 18 (2 y) + 18 \cdot 4)}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.9.1.3

Multiply $- 9$ by $2$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 18 y^{2} - 9 y \cdot 4 + 18 (2 y) + 18 \cdot 4)}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.9.1.4

Multiply $4$ by $- 9$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 18 y^{2} - 36 y + 18 (2 y) + 18 \cdot 4)}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.9.1.5

Multiply $2$ by $18$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 18 y^{2} - 36 y + 36 y + 18 \cdot 4)}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.9.1.6

Multiply $18$ by $4$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 18 y^{2} - 36 y + 36 y + 72)}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.9.2

Add $- 36 y$ and $36 y$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 18 y^{2} + 0 + 72)}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.9.3

Add $- 18 y^{2}$ and $0$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (5 y^{2} + 20 y - 18 y^{2} + 72)}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.1.10

Subtract $18 y^{2}$ from $5 y^{2}$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72)}{{(y^{2} + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.2

Simplify the denominator.

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Step 7.2.1

Factor $y$ out of $y^{2} + 4 y$ .

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Step 7.2.1.1

Factor $y$ out of $y^{2}$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72)}{{(y \cdot y + 4 y)}^{18}}$

Step 7.2.1.2

Factor $y$ out of $4 y$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72)}{{(y \cdot y + y \cdot 4)}^{18}}$

Step 7.2.1.3

Factor $y$ out of $y \cdot y + y \cdot 4$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72)}{{(y (y + 4))}^{18}}$

Step 7.2.2

Apply the product rule to $y (y + 4)$ .

$\frac{y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72)}{y^{18} {(y + 4)}^{18}}$

Step 7.3

Cancel the common factor of $y^{8}$ and $y^{18}$ .

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Step 7.3.1

Factor $y^{8}$ out of $y^{8} {(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72)$ .

$\frac{y^{8} ({(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72))}{y^{18} {(y + 4)}^{18}}$

Step 7.3.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 7.3.2.1

Factor $y^{8}$ out of $y^{18} {(y + 4)}^{18}$ .

$\frac{y^{8} ({(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72))}{y^{8} (y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{18})}$

Step 7.3.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{y^{8} ({(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72))}{y^{8} (y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{18})}$

Step 7.3.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{{(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72)}{y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{18}}$

Step 7.4

Cancel the common factor of ${(y + 4)}^{8}$ and ${(y + 4)}^{18}$ .

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Step 7.4.1

Factor ${(y + 4)}^{8}$ out of ${(y + 4)}^{8} {(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72)$ .

$\frac{{(y + 4)}^{8} ({(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72))}{y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{18}}$

Step 7.4.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 7.4.2.1

Factor ${(y + 4)}^{8}$ out of $y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{18}$ .

$\frac{{(y + 4)}^{8} ({(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72))}{{(y + 4)}^{8} (y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{10})}$

Step 7.4.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{{(y + 4)}^{8} ({(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72))}{{(y + 4)}^{8} (y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{10})}$

Step 7.4.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{{(y - 2)}^{4} (- 13 y^{2} + 20 y + 72)}{y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{10}}$

Step 7.5

Factor $- 1$ out of $- 13 y^{2}$ .

$\frac{{(y - 2)}^{4} (- (13 y^{2}) + 20 y + 72)}{y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{10}}$

Step 7.6

Factor $- 1$ out of $20 y$ .

$\frac{{(y - 2)}^{4} (- (13 y^{2}) - (- 20 y) + 72)}{y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{10}}$

Step 7.7

Factor $- 1$ out of $- (13 y^{2}) - (- 20 y)$ .

$\frac{{(y - 2)}^{4} (- (13 y^{2} - 20 y) + 72)}{y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{10}}$

Step 7.8

Rewrite $72$ as $- 1 (- 72)$ .

$\frac{{(y - 2)}^{4} (- (13 y^{2} - 20 y) - 1 (- 72))}{y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{10}}$

Step 7.9

Factor $- 1$ out of $- (13 y^{2} - 20 y) - 1 (- 72)$ .

$\frac{{(y - 2)}^{4} (- (13 y^{2} - 20 y - 72))}{y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{10}}$

Step 7.10

Rewrite $- (13 y^{2} - 20 y - 72)$ as $- 1 (13 y^{2} - 20 y - 72)$ .

$\frac{{(y - 2)}^{4} (- 1 (13 y^{2} - 20 y - 72))}{y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{10}}$

Step 7.11

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{{(y - 2)}^{4} (13 y^{2} - 20 y - 72)}{y^{10} {(y + 4)}^{10}}$