Calculus Examples

Find the Horizontal Tangent Line 2y^3+y^2-y^5=x^4-2x^3+x^2
Step 1
Set each solution of as a function of .
Step 2
Because the variable in the equation has a degree greater than , use implicit differentiation to solve for the derivative .
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Step 2.1
Differentiate both sides of the equation.
Step 2.2
Differentiate the left side of the equation.
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Step 2.2.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.2
Evaluate .
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Step 2.2.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.2.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 2.2.2.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.2.2.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.2.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.2.2.3
Rewrite as .
Step 2.2.2.4
Multiply by .
Step 2.2.3
Evaluate .
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Step 2.2.3.1
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 2.2.3.1.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.2.3.1.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.3.1.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.2.3.2
Rewrite as .
Step 2.2.4
Evaluate .
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Step 2.2.4.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.4.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 2.2.4.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.2.4.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.4.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.2.4.3
Rewrite as .
Step 2.2.4.4
Multiply by .
Step 2.3
Differentiate the right side of the equation.
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Step 2.3.1
Differentiate.
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Step 2.3.1.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.1.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.3.2
Evaluate .
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Step 2.3.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.3.2.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.3.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.4
Reform the equation by setting the left side equal to the right side.
Step 2.5
Solve for .
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Step 2.5.1
Factor out of .
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Step 2.5.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.1.4
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.1.5
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.2
Reorder terms.
Step 2.5.3
Divide each term in by and simplify.
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Step 2.5.3.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 2.5.3.2
Simplify the left side.
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Step 2.5.3.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 2.5.3.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.5.3.2.1.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 2.5.3.2.2
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 2.5.3.2.2.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.5.3.2.2.2
Divide by .
Step 2.5.3.3
Simplify the right side.
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Step 2.5.3.3.1
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.6
Replace with .
Step 3
Set the derivative equal to then solve the equation .
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Step 3.1
Find the LCD of the terms in the equation.
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Step 3.1.1
Finding the LCD of a list of values is the same as finding the LCM of the denominators of those values.
Step 3.1.2
Factor .
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Step 3.1.2.1
Factor.
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Step 3.1.2.1.1
Factor out of .
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Step 3.1.2.1.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.1.2.1.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.1.2.1.1.3
Rewrite as .
Step 3.1.2.1.1.4
Factor out of .
Step 3.1.2.1.1.5
Factor out of .
Step 3.1.2.1.2
Remove unnecessary parentheses.
Step 3.1.2.2
Factor out negative.
Step 3.1.2.3
Remove unnecessary parentheses.
Step 3.1.3
Since contains both numbers and variables, there are four steps to find the LCM. Find LCM for the numeric, variable, and compound variable parts. Then, multiply them all together.
Steps to find the LCM for are:
1. Find the LCM for the numeric part .
2. Find the LCM for the variable part .
3. Find the LCM for the compound variable part .
4. Multiply each LCM together.
Step 3.1.4
The LCM is the smallest positive number that all of the numbers divide into evenly.
1. List the prime factors of each number.
2. Multiply each factor the greatest number of times it occurs in either number.
Step 3.1.5
Since the LCM is the smallest positive number,
Step 3.1.6
The number is not a prime number because it only has one positive factor, which is itself.
Not prime
Step 3.1.7
The LCM of is the result of multiplying all prime factors the greatest number of times they occur in either number.
Step 3.1.8
The factor for is itself.
occurs time.
Step 3.1.9
The LCM of is the result of multiplying all prime factors the greatest number of times they occur in either term.
Step 3.1.10
The factor for is itself.
occurs time.
Step 3.1.11
The LCM of is the result of multiplying all factors the greatest number of times they occur in either term.
Step 3.1.12
The Least Common Multiple of some numbers is the smallest number that the numbers are factors of.
Step 3.2
Multiply each term in by to eliminate the fractions.
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Step 3.2.1
Multiply each term in by .
Step 3.2.2
Simplify the left side.
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Step 3.2.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 3.2.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 3.2.2.1.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.2.2.1.1.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.2.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.2.1.3
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 3.2.2.1.3.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.3.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.3.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.3.4
Rewrite as .
Step 3.2.2.1.3.5
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.3.6
Rewrite as .
Step 3.2.2.1.3.7
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.2.2.1.3.8
Divide by .
Step 3.2.2.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.2.1.5
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 3.2.2.1.5.1
Move the leading negative in into the numerator.
Step 3.2.2.1.5.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.2.2.1.5.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.2.2.1.6
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.2.2.1.7
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.2.2.1.8
Simplify.
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Step 3.2.2.1.8.1
Multiply .
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Step 3.2.2.1.8.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.2.1.8.1.2
Combine and .
Step 3.2.2.1.8.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.2.1.8.1.4
Combine and .
Step 3.2.2.1.8.2
Multiply .
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Step 3.2.2.1.8.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.2.1.8.2.2
Combine and .
Step 3.2.2.1.8.2.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.2.1.8.2.4
Combine and .
Step 3.2.2.1.8.3
Multiply .
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Step 3.2.2.1.8.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.2.1.8.3.2
Combine and .
Step 3.2.2.1.8.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.2.1.9
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.2.2.1.10
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.2.2.1.11
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.2.2.1.12
Factor out of .
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Step 3.2.2.1.12.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.12.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.12.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.12.4
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.12.5
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.13
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 3.2.2.1.13.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.2.2.1.13.2
Divide by .
Step 3.2.2.1.14
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 3.2.2.1.14.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.2.2.1.14.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.2.2.1.15
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.2.1.16
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 3.2.2.1.16.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.16.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.16.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.16.4
Rewrite as .
Step 3.2.2.1.16.5
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2.1.16.6
Rewrite as .
Step 3.2.2.1.16.7
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.2.2.1.16.8
Divide by .
Step 3.2.2.1.17
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.3
Simplify the right side.
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Step 3.2.3.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.2.3.2
Simplify.
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Step 3.2.3.2.1
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.2.3.2.2
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.2.3.2.3
Move to the left of .
Step 3.2.3.3
Simplify each term.
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Step 3.2.3.3.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.2.3.3.1.1
Move .
Step 3.2.3.3.1.2
Multiply by .
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Step 3.2.3.3.1.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.2.3.3.1.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.2.3.3.1.3
Add and .
Step 3.2.3.3.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 3.2.3.3.2.1
Move .
Step 3.2.3.3.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.3.4
Multiply by .
Step 3.3
Solve the equation.
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Step 3.3.1
Factor the left side of the equation.
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Step 3.3.1.1
Factor out of .
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Step 3.3.1.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.3.1.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.3.1.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.3.1.1.4
Factor out of .
Step 3.3.1.1.5
Factor out of .
Step 3.3.1.2
Factor.
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Step 3.3.1.2.1
Factor by grouping.
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Step 3.3.1.2.1.1
For a polynomial of the form , rewrite the middle term as a sum of two terms whose product is and whose sum is .
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Step 3.3.1.2.1.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.3.1.2.1.1.2
Rewrite as plus
Step 3.3.1.2.1.1.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.3.1.2.1.2
Factor out the greatest common factor from each group.
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Step 3.3.1.2.1.2.1
Group the first two terms and the last two terms.
Step 3.3.1.2.1.2.2
Factor out the greatest common factor (GCF) from each group.
Step 3.3.1.2.1.3
Factor the polynomial by factoring out the greatest common factor, .
Step 3.3.1.2.2
Remove unnecessary parentheses.
Step 3.3.2
If any individual factor on the left side of the equation is equal to , the entire expression will be equal to .
Step 3.3.3
Set equal to .
Step 3.3.4
Set equal to and solve for .
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Step 3.3.4.1
Set equal to .
Step 3.3.4.2
Solve for .
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Step 3.3.4.2.1
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 3.3.4.2.2
Divide each term in by and simplify.
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Step 3.3.4.2.2.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 3.3.4.2.2.2
Simplify the left side.
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Step 3.3.4.2.2.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 3.3.4.2.2.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.3.4.2.2.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 3.3.5
Set equal to and solve for .
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Step 3.3.5.1
Set equal to .
Step 3.3.5.2
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 3.3.6
The final solution is all the values that make true.
Step 4
Solve the function at .
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Step 4.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 4.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 4.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 4.2.1.1
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 4.2.1.2
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 4.2.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 4.2.1.4
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 4.2.2
Simplify by adding numbers.
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Step 4.2.2.1
Add and .
Step 4.2.2.2
Add and .
Step 4.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 5
Solve the function at .
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Step 5.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 5.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 5.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 5.2.1.1
Apply the product rule to .
Step 5.2.1.2
One to any power is one.
Step 5.2.1.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.2.1.4
Apply the product rule to .
Step 5.2.1.5
One to any power is one.
Step 5.2.1.6
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.2.1.7
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 5.2.1.7.1
Factor out of .
Step 5.2.1.7.2
Factor out of .
Step 5.2.1.7.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 5.2.1.7.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 5.2.1.8
Rewrite as .
Step 5.2.1.9
Apply the product rule to .
Step 5.2.1.10
One to any power is one.
Step 5.2.1.11
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.2.2
Combine fractions.
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Step 5.2.2.1
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 5.2.2.2
Simplify the expression.
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Step 5.2.2.2.1
Add and .
Step 5.2.2.2.2
Divide by .
Step 5.2.2.2.3
Add and .
Step 5.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 6
Solve the function at .
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Step 6.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 6.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 6.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 6.2.1.1
One to any power is one.
Step 6.2.1.2
One to any power is one.
Step 6.2.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 6.2.1.4
One to any power is one.
Step 6.2.2
Simplify by adding and subtracting.
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Step 6.2.2.1
Subtract from .
Step 6.2.2.2
Add and .
Step 6.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 7
The horizontal tangent lines are
Step 8