Calculus Examples

$3 {(\frac{3 x - x^{3}}{x^{2} - 4})}^{2} (\frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x^{2} - 4)}^{2}})$

Step 1

Simplify the denominator.

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Step 1.1

Rewrite $4$ as $2^{2}$ .

$3 {(\frac{3 x - x^{3}}{x^{2} - 4})}^{2} \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x^{2} - 2^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 1.2

Since both terms are perfect squares, factor using the difference of squares formula, $a^{2} - b^{2} = (a + b) (a - b)$ where $a = x$ and $b = 2$ .

$3 {(\frac{3 x - x^{3}}{x^{2} - 4})}^{2} \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{((x + 2) (x - 2))}^{2}}$

Step 1.3

Apply the product rule to $(x + 2) (x - 2)$ .

$3 {(\frac{3 x - x^{3}}{x^{2} - 4})}^{2} \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$

Step 2

Factor $x$ out of $3 x - x^{3}$ .

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Step 2.1

Factor $x$ out of $3 x$ .

$3 {(\frac{x \cdot 3 - x^{3}}{x^{2} - 4})}^{2} \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$

Step 2.2

Factor $x$ out of $- x^{3}$ .

$3 {(\frac{x \cdot 3 + x (- x^{2})}{x^{2} - 4})}^{2} \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$

Step 2.3

Factor $x$ out of $x \cdot 3 + x (- x^{2})$ .

$3 {(\frac{x (3 - x^{2})}{x^{2} - 4})}^{2} \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$

Step 3

Simplify the denominator.

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Step 3.1

Rewrite $4$ as $2^{2}$ .

$3 {(\frac{x (3 - x^{2})}{x^{2} - 2^{2}})}^{2} \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$

Step 3.2

Since both terms are perfect squares, factor using the difference of squares formula, $a^{2} - b^{2} = (a + b) (a - b)$ where $a = x$ and $b = 2$ .

$3 {(\frac{x (3 - x^{2})}{(x + 2) (x - 2)})}^{2} \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$

Step 4

Use the power rule ${(a b)}^{n} = a^{n} b^{n}$ to distribute the exponent.

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Step 4.1

Apply the product rule to $\frac{x (3 - x^{2})}{(x + 2) (x - 2)}$ .

$3 \frac{{(x (3 - x^{2}))}^{2}}{{((x + 2) (x - 2))}^{2}} \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$

Step 4.2

Apply the product rule to $x (3 - x^{2})$ .

$3 \frac{x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2}}{{((x + 2) (x - 2))}^{2}} \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3

Apply the product rule to $(x + 2) (x - 2)$ .

$3 \frac{x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2}}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}} \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$

Step 5

Combine $3$ and $\frac{x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2}}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$ .

$\frac{3 (x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2})}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$

Step 6

Multiply $\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2}}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$ .

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Step 6.1

Multiply $\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2}}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$ by $\frac{- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$ .

$\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12)}{{(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2} ({(x + 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2})}$

Step 6.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12)}{{(x + 2)}^{2 + 2} {(x - 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$

Step 6.3

Add $2$ and $2$ .

$\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12)}{{(x + 2)}^{4} {(x - 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2}}$

Step 6.4

Multiply ${(x - 2)}^{2}$ by ${(x - 2)}^{2}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 6.4.1

Move ${(x - 2)}^{2}$ .

$\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12)}{{(x + 2)}^{4} ({(x - 2)}^{2} {(x - 2)}^{2})}$

Step 6.4.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12)}{{(x + 2)}^{4} {(x - 2)}^{2 + 2}}$

Step 6.4.3

Add $2$ and $2$ .

$\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (- x^{4} + 9 x^{2} - 12)}{{(x + 2)}^{4} {(x - 2)}^{4}}$

Step 7

Factor $- 1$ out of $- x^{4}$ .

$\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (- (x^{4}) + 9 x^{2} - 12)}{{(x + 2)}^{4} {(x - 2)}^{4}}$

Step 8

Factor $- 1$ out of $9 x^{2}$ .

$\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (- (x^{4}) - (- 9 x^{2}) - 12)}{{(x + 2)}^{4} {(x - 2)}^{4}}$

Step 9

Factor $- 1$ out of $- (x^{4}) - (- 9 x^{2})$ .

$\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (- (x^{4} - 9 x^{2}) - 12)}{{(x + 2)}^{4} {(x - 2)}^{4}}$

Step 10

Rewrite $- 12$ as $- 1 (12)$ .

$\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (- (x^{4} - 9 x^{2}) - 1 (12))}{{(x + 2)}^{4} {(x - 2)}^{4}}$

Step 11

Factor $- 1$ out of $- (x^{4} - 9 x^{2}) - 1 (12)$ .

$\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (- (x^{4} - 9 x^{2} + 12))}{{(x + 2)}^{4} {(x - 2)}^{4}}$

Step 12

Simplify the expression.

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Step 12.1

Rewrite $- (x^{4} - 9 x^{2} + 12)$ as $- 1 (x^{4} - 9 x^{2} + 12)$ .

$\frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (- 1 (x^{4} - 9 x^{2} + 12))}{{(x + 2)}^{4} {(x - 2)}^{4}}$

Step 12.2

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{(3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2}) (x^{4} - 9 x^{2} + 12)}{{(x + 2)}^{4} {(x - 2)}^{4}}$

Step 12.3

Reorder factors in $- \frac{(3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2}) (x^{4} - 9 x^{2} + 12)}{{(x + 2)}^{4} {(x - 2)}^{4}}$ .

$- \frac{3 x^{2} {(3 - x^{2})}^{2} (x^{4} - 9 x^{2} + 12)}{{(x + 2)}^{4} {(x - 2)}^{4}}$