Calculus Examples

$(1 + \sqrt{t}) (2 t^{2} - 3)$

Step 1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{t}$ as $t^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{d}{d t} [(1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) (2 t^{2} - 3)]$

Step 2

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d t} [f (t) g (t)]$ is $f (t) \frac{d}{d t} [g (t)] + g (t) \frac{d}{d t} [f (t)]$ where $f (t) = 1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $g (t) = 2 t^{2} - 3$ .

$(1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) \frac{d}{d t} [2 t^{2} - 3] + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{d}{d t} [1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 3

Differentiate.

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Step 3.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $2 t^{2} - 3$ with respect to $t$ is $\frac{d}{d t} [2 t^{2}] + \frac{d}{d t} [- 3]$ .

$(1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) (\frac{d}{d t} [2 t^{2}] + \frac{d}{d t} [- 3]) + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{d}{d t} [1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 3.2

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $t$ , the derivative of $2 t^{2}$ with respect to $t$ is $2 \frac{d}{d t} [t^{2}]$ .

$(1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) (2 \frac{d}{d t} [t^{2}] + \frac{d}{d t} [- 3]) + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{d}{d t} [1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 3.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d t} [t^{n}]$ is $n t^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$(1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) (2 (2 t) + \frac{d}{d t} [- 3]) + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{d}{d t} [1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 3.4

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$(1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) (4 t + \frac{d}{d t} [- 3]) + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{d}{d t} [1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 3.5

Since $- 3$ is constant with respect to $t$ , the derivative of $- 3$ with respect to $t$ is $0$ .

$(1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) (4 t + 0) + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{d}{d t} [1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 3.6

Simplify the expression.

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Step 3.6.1

Add $4 t$ and $0$ .

$(1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) (4 t) + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{d}{d t} [1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 3.6.2

Move $4$ to the left of $1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$4 \cdot (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{d}{d t} [1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 3.7

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}$ with respect to $t$ is $\frac{d}{d t} [1] + \frac{d}{d t} [t^{\frac{1}{2}}]$ .

$4 (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) (\frac{d}{d t} [1] + \frac{d}{d t} [t^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 3.8

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $t$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $t$ is $0$ .

$4 (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) (0 + \frac{d}{d t} [t^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 3.9

Add $0$ and $\frac{d}{d t} [t^{\frac{1}{2}}]$ .

$4 (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{d}{d t} [t^{\frac{1}{2}}]$

Step 3.10

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d t} [t^{n}]$ is $n t^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$4 (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) (\frac{1}{2} t^{\frac{1}{2} - 1})$

Step 4

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$4 (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) (\frac{1}{2} t^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}})$

Step 5

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$4 (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) (\frac{1}{2} t^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}})$

Step 6

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$4 (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) (\frac{1}{2} t^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}})$

Step 7

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 7.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$4 (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) (\frac{1}{2} t^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}})$

Step 7.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$4 (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) (\frac{1}{2} t^{\frac{- 1}{2}})$

Step 8

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$4 (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) (\frac{1}{2} t^{- \frac{1}{2}})$

Step 9

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $t^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$4 (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{t^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2}$

Step 10

Move $t^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$4 (1 + t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11

Simplify.

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Step 11.1

Apply the distributive property.

$(4 \cdot 1 + 4 t^{\frac{1}{2}}) t + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.2

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \cdot 1 t + 4 t^{\frac{1}{2}} t + (2 t^{2} - 3) \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.3

Apply the distributive property.

$4 \cdot 1 t + 4 t^{\frac{1}{2}} t + 2 t^{2} \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4

Combine terms.

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Step 11.4.1

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{1}{2}} t + 2 t^{2} \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.2

Raise $t$ to the power of $1$ .

$4 t + 4 (t^{1} t^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 2 t^{2} \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.3

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$4 t + 4 t^{1 + \frac{1}{2}} + 2 t^{2} \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.4

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{2}{2} + \frac{1}{2}} + 2 t^{2} \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{2 + 1}{2}} + 2 t^{2} \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.6

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + 2 t^{2} \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.7

Combine $2$ and $\frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + t^{2} \frac{2}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.8

Combine $t^{2}$ and $\frac{2}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{t^{2} \cdot 2}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.9

Move $2$ to the left of $t^{2}$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 \cdot t^{2}}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.10

Move $t^{\frac{1}{2}}$ to the numerator using the negative exponent rule $\frac{1}{b^{n}} = b^{- n}$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 t^{2} t^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.11

Multiply $t^{2}$ by $t^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 11.4.11.1

Move $t^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 (t^{- \frac{1}{2}} t^{2})}{2} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.11.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 t^{- \frac{1}{2} + 2}}{2} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.11.3

To write $2$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 t^{- \frac{1}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{2}{2}}}{2} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.11.4

Combine $2$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 t^{- \frac{1}{2} + \frac{2 \cdot 2}{2}}}{2} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.11.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 t^{\frac{- 1 + 2 \cdot 2}{2}}}{2} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.11.6

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 11.4.11.6.1

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 t^{\frac{- 1 + 4}{2}}}{2} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.11.6.2

Add $- 1$ and $4$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 t^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.12

Cancel the common factor.

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{2 t^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.13

Divide $t^{\frac{3}{2}}$ by $1$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + t^{\frac{3}{2}} - 3 \frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.14

Combine $- 3$ and $\frac{1}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + t^{\frac{3}{2}} + \frac{- 3}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.15

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$4 t + 4 t^{\frac{3}{2}} + t^{\frac{3}{2}} - \frac{3}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 11.4.16

Add $4 t^{\frac{3}{2}}$ and $t^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

$4 t + 5 t^{\frac{3}{2}} - \frac{3}{2 t^{\frac{1}{2}}}$