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Calculus Examples
Step 1
Step 1.1
Factor the fraction.
Step 1.1.1
Rewrite as .
Step 1.1.2
Rewrite as .
Step 1.1.3
Since both terms are perfect cubes, factor using the sum of cubes formula, where and .
Step 1.1.4
Simplify.
Step 1.1.4.1
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 1.1.4.1.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 1.1.4.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.1.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.1.4.3
One to any power is one.
Step 1.1.5
Factor out of .
Step 1.1.5.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.1.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.1.5.3
Factor out of .
Step 1.1.6
Rewrite as .
Step 1.1.7
Since both terms are perfect cubes, factor using the sum of cubes formula, where and .
Step 1.1.8
Factor.
Step 1.1.8.1
Simplify.
Step 1.1.8.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.1.8.1.2
One to any power is one.
Step 1.1.8.2
Remove unnecessary parentheses.
Step 1.2
For each factor in the denominator, create a new fraction using the factor as the denominator, and an unknown value as the numerator. Since the factor in the denominator is linear, put a single variable in its place .
Step 1.3
For each factor in the denominator, create a new fraction using the factor as the denominator, and an unknown value as the numerator. Since the factor is 2nd order, terms are required in the numerator. The number of terms required in the numerator is always equal to the order of the factor in the denominator.
Step 1.4
Multiply each fraction in the equation by the denominator of the original expression. In this case, the denominator is .
Step 1.5
Reduce the expression by cancelling the common factors.
Step 1.5.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 1.5.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.5.1.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.5.2
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 1.5.2.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.5.2.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.5.3
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 1.5.3.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.5.3.2
Divide by .
Step 1.6
Expand by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.
Step 1.7
Simplify terms.
Step 1.7.1
Simplify each term.
Step 1.7.1.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.7.1.1.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.7.1.1.2
Add and .
Step 1.7.1.2
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 1.7.1.3
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.7.1.3.1
Move .
Step 1.7.1.3.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.7.1.3.3
Add and .
Step 1.7.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 1.7.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 1.7.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 1.7.1.7
Multiply by .
Step 1.7.2
Combine the opposite terms in .
Step 1.7.2.1
Add and .
Step 1.7.2.2
Add and .
Step 1.7.2.3
Subtract from .
Step 1.7.2.4
Add and .
Step 1.8
Simplify each term.
Step 1.8.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 1.8.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.8.1.2
Divide by .
Step 1.8.2
Expand by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.
Step 1.8.3
Simplify each term.
Step 1.8.3.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.3.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.3.1.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.3.1.1.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.3.1.2
Add and .
Step 1.8.3.2
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 1.8.3.3
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.3.3.1
Move .
Step 1.8.3.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.3.4
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.3.5
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.3.6
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.3.7
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.4
Combine the opposite terms in .
Step 1.8.4.1
Add and .
Step 1.8.4.2
Add and .
Step 1.8.4.3
Subtract from .
Step 1.8.4.4
Add and .
Step 1.8.5
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.6
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.7
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 1.8.7.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.8.7.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 1.8.7.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.7.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.8.7.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.8.7.2.4
Divide by .
Step 1.8.8
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.9
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.10
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.11
Expand by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.
Step 1.8.12
Combine the opposite terms in .
Step 1.8.12.1
Reorder the factors in the terms and .
Step 1.8.12.2
Add and .
Step 1.8.12.3
Add and .
Step 1.8.13
Simplify each term.
Step 1.8.13.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.13.1.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.13.1.2
Add and .
Step 1.8.13.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.13.3
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 1.8.13.4
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.13.4.1
Move .
Step 1.8.13.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.13.5
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.14
Combine the opposite terms in .
Step 1.8.14.1
Subtract from .
Step 1.8.14.2
Add and .
Step 1.8.15
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.16
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 1.8.16.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.8.16.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 1.8.16.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.16.2.2
Factor out of .
Step 1.8.16.2.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.8.16.2.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.8.16.2.5
Divide by .
Step 1.8.17
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.18
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.18.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.18.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.18.1.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.18.2
Add and .
Step 1.8.19
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.20
Expand by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.
Step 1.8.21
Simplify each term.
Step 1.8.21.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.21.1.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.21.1.2
Add and .
Step 1.8.21.2
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 1.8.21.3
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.21.3.1
Move .
Step 1.8.21.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.21.3.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.21.3.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.21.3.3
Add and .
Step 1.8.21.4
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.21.5
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.21.5.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.21.5.2
Add and .
Step 1.8.21.6
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 1.8.21.7
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.21.7.1
Move .
Step 1.8.21.7.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.21.7.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.21.7.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.21.7.3
Add and .
Step 1.8.21.8
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.22
Combine the opposite terms in .
Step 1.8.22.1
Add and .
Step 1.8.22.2
Add and .
Step 1.8.22.3
Subtract from .
Step 1.8.22.4
Add and .
Step 1.8.23
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.24
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 1.8.24.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.8.24.2
Divide by .
Step 1.8.25
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.26
Simplify.
Step 1.8.26.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.26.1.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.26.1.2
Add and .
Step 1.8.26.2
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 1.8.26.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.27
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.27.1
Move .
Step 1.8.27.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.27.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.27.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.27.3
Add and .
Step 1.8.28
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.29
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 1.8.30
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 1.8.30.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.8.30.2
Divide by .
Step 1.8.31
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.32
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.32.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.32.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.32.1.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.32.2
Add and .
Step 1.8.33
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.34
Expand using the FOIL Method.
Step 1.8.34.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.34.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.34.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.35
Simplify each term.
Step 1.8.35.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.35.1.1
Move .
Step 1.8.35.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.35.1.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.35.1.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.35.1.3
Add and .
Step 1.8.35.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.8.35.2.1
Move .
Step 1.8.35.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.35.2.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.35.2.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.35.2.3
Add and .
Step 1.9
Simplify the expression.
Step 1.9.1
Reorder and .
Step 1.9.2
Reorder and .
Step 1.9.3
Reorder and .
Step 1.9.4
Reorder and .
Step 1.9.5
Reorder and .
Step 1.9.6
Move .
Step 1.9.7
Move .
Step 1.9.8
Move .
Step 1.9.9
Move .
Step 1.9.10
Move .
Step 1.9.11
Move .
Step 1.9.12
Move .
Step 2
Step 2.1
Create an equation for the partial fraction variables by equating the coefficients of from each side of the equation. For the equation to be equal, the equivalent coefficients on each side of the equation must be equal.
Step 2.2
Create an equation for the partial fraction variables by equating the coefficients of from each side of the equation. For the equation to be equal, the equivalent coefficients on each side of the equation must be equal.
Step 2.3
Create an equation for the partial fraction variables by equating the coefficients of from each side of the equation. For the equation to be equal, the equivalent coefficients on each side of the equation must be equal.
Step 2.4
Create an equation for the partial fraction variables by equating the coefficients of from each side of the equation. For the equation to be equal, the equivalent coefficients on each side of the equation must be equal.
Step 2.5
Create an equation for the partial fraction variables by equating the coefficients of from each side of the equation. For the equation to be equal, the equivalent coefficients on each side of the equation must be equal.
Step 2.6
Create an equation for the partial fraction variables by equating the coefficients of the terms not containing . For the equation to be equal, the equivalent coefficients on each side of the equation must be equal.
Step 2.7
Set up the system of equations to find the coefficients of the partial fractions.
Step 3
Step 3.1
Rewrite the equation as .
Step 3.2
Replace all occurrences of with in each equation.
Step 3.2.1
Replace all occurrences of in with .
Step 3.2.2
Simplify the right side.
Step 3.2.2.1
Add and .
Step 3.2.3
Rewrite the equation as .
Step 3.2.4
Rewrite the equation as .
Step 3.3
Replace all occurrences of with in each equation.
Step 3.3.1
Replace all occurrences of in with .
Step 3.3.2
Simplify the right side.
Step 3.3.2.1
Remove parentheses.
Step 3.4
Replace all occurrences of with in each equation.
Step 3.4.1
Replace all occurrences of in with .
Step 3.4.2
Simplify the right side.
Step 3.4.2.1
Simplify .
Step 3.4.2.1.1
Subtract from .
Step 3.4.2.1.2
Rewrite as .
Step 3.5
Solve for in .
Step 3.5.1
Rewrite the equation as .
Step 3.5.2
Move all terms not containing to the right side of the equation.
Step 3.5.2.1
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 3.5.2.2
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 3.6
Replace all occurrences of with in each equation.
Step 3.6.1
Replace all occurrences of in with .
Step 3.6.2
Simplify .
Step 3.6.2.1
Simplify the left side.
Step 3.6.2.1.1
Remove parentheses.
Step 3.6.2.2
Simplify the right side.
Step 3.6.2.2.1
Add and .
Step 3.7
Solve for in .
Step 3.7.1
Rewrite the equation as .
Step 3.7.2
Move all terms not containing to the right side of the equation.
Step 3.7.2.1
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 3.7.2.2
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 3.8
Replace all occurrences of with in each equation.
Step 3.8.1
Replace all occurrences of in with .
Step 3.8.2
Simplify the right side.
Step 3.8.2.1
Simplify .
Step 3.8.2.1.1
Simplify each term.
Step 3.8.2.1.1.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.8.2.1.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.8.2.1.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.8.2.1.2
Subtract from .
Step 3.8.3
Replace all occurrences of in with .
Step 3.8.4
Simplify the right side.
Step 3.8.4.1
Subtract from .
Step 3.9
Solve for in .
Step 3.9.1
Rewrite the equation as .
Step 3.9.2
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 3.9.3
Divide each term in by and simplify.
Step 3.9.3.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 3.9.3.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 3.9.3.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 3.9.3.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.9.3.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 3.9.3.3
Simplify the right side.
Step 3.9.3.3.1
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.10
Replace all occurrences of with in each equation.
Step 3.10.1
Replace all occurrences of in with .
Step 3.10.2
Simplify the right side.
Step 3.10.2.1
Simplify .
Step 3.10.2.1.1
Multiply .
Step 3.10.2.1.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.10.2.1.1.2
Combine and .
Step 3.10.2.1.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.10.2.1.2
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 3.10.2.1.3
Combine and .
Step 3.10.2.1.4
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.10.2.1.5
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.10.2.1.5.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.10.2.1.5.2
Add and .
Step 3.10.3
Replace all occurrences of in with .
Step 3.10.4
Simplify the right side.
Step 3.10.4.1
Simplify .
Step 3.10.4.1.1
Multiply .
Step 3.10.4.1.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.10.4.1.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.10.4.1.2
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 3.10.4.1.3
Combine and .
Step 3.10.4.1.4
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.10.4.1.5
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.10.4.1.5.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.10.4.1.5.2
Add and .
Step 3.10.4.1.6
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.11
List all of the solutions.
Step 4
Replace each of the partial fraction coefficients in with the values found for , , , , , and .
Step 5
Combine and .