Calculus Examples

$f (x) = \frac{3 x^{2} \tan (x)}{\sec (x)}$

Step 1

Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{f (x)}{g (x)}]$ is $\frac{g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)] - f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)]}{{g (x)}^{2}}$ where $f (x) = 3 x^{2} \tan (x)$ and $g (x) = \sec (x)$ .

$\frac{\sec (x) \frac{d}{d x} [3 x^{2} \tan (x)] - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) \frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x)]}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 2

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $3 x^{2} \tan (x)$ with respect to $x$ is $3 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} \tan (x)]$ .

$\frac{\sec (x) (3 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} \tan (x)]) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) \frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x)]}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 3

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x^{2}$ and $g (x) = \tan (x)$ .

$\frac{\sec (x) (3 (x^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [\tan (x)] + \tan (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}])) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) \frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x)]}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 4

The derivative of $\tan (x)$ with respect to $x$ is $\sec^{2} (x)$ .

$\frac{\sec (x) (3 (x^{2} \sec^{2} (x) + \tan (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}])) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) \frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x)]}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 5

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$\frac{\sec (x) (3 (x^{2} \sec^{2} (x) + \tan (x) (2 x))) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) \frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x)]}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 6

Simplify.

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Step 6.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{\sec (x) (3 (x^{2} \sec^{2} (x)) + 3 (\tan (x) (2 x))) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) \frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x)]}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 6.2

Multiply $2$ by $3$ .

$\frac{\sec (x) (3 x^{2} \sec^{2} (x) + 6 \tan (x) x) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) \frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x)]}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 6.3

Reorder terms.

$\frac{\sec (x) (3 x^{2} \sec^{2} (x) + 6 x \tan (x)) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) \frac{d}{d x} [\sec (x)]}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 7

The derivative of $\sec (x)$ with respect to $x$ is $\sec (x) \tan (x)$ .

$\frac{\sec (x) (3 x^{2} \sec^{2} (x) + 6 x \tan (x)) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) (\sec (x) \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8

Simplify.

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Step 8.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{\sec (x) (3 x^{2} \sec^{2} (x)) + \sec (x) (6 x \tan (x)) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) (\sec (x) \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.2

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 8.2.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 8.2.1.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\frac{3 \sec (x) x^{2} \sec^{2} (x) + \sec (x) (6 x \tan (x)) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) (\sec (x) \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.2.1.2

Multiply $\sec (x)$ by $\sec^{2} (x)$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 8.2.1.2.1

Move $\sec^{2} (x)$ .

$\frac{3 (\sec^{2} (x) \sec (x)) x^{2} + \sec (x) (6 x \tan (x)) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) (\sec (x) \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.2.1.2.2

Multiply $\sec^{2} (x)$ by $\sec (x)$ .

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Step 8.2.1.2.2.1

Raise $\sec (x)$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{3 (\sec^{2} (x) \sec^{1} (x)) x^{2} + \sec (x) (6 x \tan (x)) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) (\sec (x) \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.2.1.2.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{3 {\sec (x)}^{2 + 1} x^{2} + \sec (x) (6 x \tan (x)) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) (\sec (x) \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.2.1.2.3

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$\frac{3 \sec^{3} (x) x^{2} + \sec (x) (6 x \tan (x)) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) (\sec (x) \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.2.1.3

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\frac{3 \sec^{3} (x) x^{2} + 6 \sec (x) x \tan (x) - 1 \cdot 3 x^{2} \tan (x) (\sec (x) \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.2.1.4

Multiply $- 1$ by $3$ .

$\frac{3 \sec^{3} (x) x^{2} + 6 \sec (x) x \tan (x) - 3 x^{2} \tan (x) (\sec (x) \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.2.1.5

Multiply $- 3 x^{2} \tan (x) (\sec (x) \tan (x))$ .

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Step 8.2.1.5.1

Raise $\tan (x)$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{3 \sec^{3} (x) x^{2} + 6 \sec (x) x \tan (x) - 3 x^{2} (\tan^{1} (x) \tan (x)) \sec (x)}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.2.1.5.2

Raise $\tan (x)$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{3 \sec^{3} (x) x^{2} + 6 \sec (x) x \tan (x) - 3 x^{2} (\tan^{1} (x) \tan^{1} (x)) \sec (x)}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.2.1.5.3

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{3 \sec^{3} (x) x^{2} + 6 \sec (x) x \tan (x) - 3 x^{2} {\tan (x)}^{1 + 1} \sec (x)}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.2.1.5.4

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$\frac{3 \sec^{3} (x) x^{2} + 6 \sec (x) x \tan (x) - 3 x^{2} \tan^{2} (x) \sec (x)}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.2.2

Reorder factors in $3 \sec^{3} (x) x^{2} + 6 \sec (x) x \tan (x) - 3 x^{2} \tan^{2} (x) \sec (x)$ .

$\frac{3 x^{2} \sec^{3} (x) + 6 x \sec (x) \tan (x) - 3 x^{2} \tan^{2} (x) \sec (x)}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.3

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 8.3.1

Factor $3 x \sec (x)$ out of $3 x^{2} \sec^{3} (x) + 6 x \sec (x) \tan (x) - 3 x^{2} \tan^{2} (x) \sec (x)$ .

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Step 8.3.1.1

Factor $3 x \sec (x)$ out of $3 x^{2} \sec^{3} (x)$ .

$\frac{3 x \sec (x) (x \sec^{2} (x)) + 6 x \sec (x) \tan (x) - 3 x^{2} \tan^{2} (x) \sec (x)}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.3.1.2

Factor $3 x \sec (x)$ out of $6 x \sec (x) \tan (x)$ .

$\frac{3 x \sec (x) (x \sec^{2} (x)) + 3 x \sec (x) (2 \tan (x)) - 3 x^{2} \tan^{2} (x) \sec (x)}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.3.1.3

Factor $3 x \sec (x)$ out of $- 3 x^{2} \tan^{2} (x) \sec (x)$ .

$\frac{3 x \sec (x) (x \sec^{2} (x)) + 3 x \sec (x) (2 \tan (x)) + 3 x \sec (x) (- x \tan^{2} (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.3.1.4

Factor $3 x \sec (x)$ out of $3 x \sec (x) (x \sec^{2} (x)) + 3 x \sec (x) (2 \tan (x))$ .

$\frac{3 x \sec (x) (x \sec^{2} (x) + 2 \tan (x)) + 3 x \sec (x) (- x \tan^{2} (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.3.1.5

Factor $3 x \sec (x)$ out of $3 x \sec (x) (x \sec^{2} (x) + 2 \tan (x)) + 3 x \sec (x) (- x \tan^{2} (x))$ .

$\frac{3 x \sec (x) (x \sec^{2} (x) + 2 \tan (x) - x \tan^{2} (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.3.2

Move $- x \tan^{2} (x)$ .

$\frac{3 x \sec (x) (x \sec^{2} (x) - x \tan^{2} (x) + 2 \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.3.3

Factor $x$ out of $x \sec^{2} (x)$ .

$\frac{3 x \sec (x) (x (\sec^{2} (x)) - x \tan^{2} (x) + 2 \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.3.4

Factor $x$ out of $- x \tan^{2} (x)$ .

$\frac{3 x \sec (x) (x (\sec^{2} (x)) + x (- 1 \tan^{2} (x)) + 2 \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.3.5

Factor $x$ out of $x (\sec^{2} (x)) + x (- 1 \tan^{2} (x))$ .

$\frac{3 x \sec (x) (x (\sec^{2} (x) - 1 \tan^{2} (x)) + 2 \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.3.6

Apply pythagorean identity.

$\frac{3 x \sec (x) (x \cdot 1 + 2 \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.3.7

Multiply $x$ by $1$ .

$\frac{3 x \sec (x) (x + 2 \tan (x))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.4

Cancel the common factor of $\sec (x)$ and $\sec^{2} (x)$ .

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Step 8.4.1

Factor $\sec (x)$ out of $3 x \sec (x) (x + 2 \tan (x))$ .

$\frac{\sec (x) (3 x (x + 2 \tan (x)))}{\sec^{2} (x)}$

Step 8.4.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 8.4.2.1

Factor $\sec (x)$ out of $\sec^{2} (x)$ .

$\frac{\sec (x) (3 x (x + 2 \tan (x)))}{\sec (x) \sec (x)}$

Step 8.4.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{\sec (x) (3 x (x + 2 \tan (x)))}{\sec (x) \sec (x)}$

Step 8.4.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{3 x (x + 2 \tan (x))}{\sec (x)}$