Calculus Examples

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2}$

Step 1

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = {(5 x + 1)}^{5}$ and $g (x) = {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2}$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} \frac{d}{d x} [{(4 x + 1)}^{- 2}] + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{- 2}$ and $g (x) = 4 x + 1$ .

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Step 2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{1}$ as $4 x + 1$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{- 2}] \frac{d}{d x} [4 x + 1]) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{1}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = - 2$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- 2 {u_{1}}^{- 3} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x + 1]) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $4 x + 1$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- 2 {(4 x + 1)}^{- 3} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x + 1]) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 3

Differentiate.

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Step 3.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $4 x + 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [4 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- 2 {(4 x + 1)}^{- 3} (\frac{d}{d x} [4 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1])) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 3.2

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $4 x$ with respect to $x$ is $4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- 2 {(4 x + 1)}^{- 3} (4 \frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1])) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 3.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- 2 {(4 x + 1)}^{- 3} (4 \cdot 1 + \frac{d}{d x} [1])) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 3.4

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- 2 {(4 x + 1)}^{- 3} (4 + \frac{d}{d x} [1])) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 3.5

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- 2 {(4 x + 1)}^{- 3} (4 + 0)) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 3.6

Simplify the expression.

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Step 3.6.1

Add $4$ and $0$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- 2 {(4 x + 1)}^{- 3} \cdot 4) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 3.6.2

Multiply $4$ by $- 2$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- 8 {(4 x + 1)}^{- 3}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 4

Simplify.

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Step 4.1

Rewrite the expression using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- 8 \frac{1}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 4.2

Combine $- 8$ and $\frac{1}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} \frac{- 8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}} + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 4.3

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- \frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(5 x + 1)}^{5}]$

Step 5

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{5}$ and $g (x) = 5 x + 1$ .

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Step 5.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{2}$ as $5 x + 1$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- \frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} (\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [{u_{2}}^{5}] \frac{d}{d x} [5 x + 1])$

Step 5.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [{u_{2}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{2}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = 5$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- \frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} (5 {u_{2}}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [5 x + 1])$

Step 5.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with $5 x + 1$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- \frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} (5 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [5 x + 1])$

Step 6

Differentiate.

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Step 6.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $5 x + 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [5 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- \frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} (5 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (\frac{d}{d x} [5 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]))$

Step 6.2

Since $5$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $5 x$ with respect to $x$ is $5 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- \frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} (5 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (5 \frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]))$

Step 6.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- \frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} (5 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (5 \cdot 1 + \frac{d}{d x} [1]))$

Step 6.4

Multiply $5$ by $1$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- \frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} (5 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (5 + \frac{d}{d x} [1]))$

Step 6.5

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- \frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} (5 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (5 + 0))$

Step 6.6

Simplify the expression.

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Step 6.6.1

Add $5$ and $0$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- \frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} (5 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} \cdot 5)$

Step 6.6.2

Multiply $5$ by $5$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- \frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + {(4 x + 1)}^{- 2} (25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4})$

Step 7

Simplify.

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Step 7.1

Rewrite the expression using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

${(5 x + 1)}^{5} (- \frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}) + \frac{1}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2}} (25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4})$

Step 7.2

Combine terms.

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Step 7.2.1

Combine ${(5 x + 1)}^{5}$ and $\frac{8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$ .

$- \frac{{(5 x + 1)}^{5} \cdot 8}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}} + \frac{1}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2}} (25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4})$

Step 7.2.2

Move $8$ to the left of ${(5 x + 1)}^{5}$ .

$- \frac{8 \cdot {(5 x + 1)}^{5}}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}} + \frac{1}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2}} (25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4})$

Step 7.2.3

Combine $25$ and $\frac{1}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2}}$ .

$- \frac{8 {(5 x + 1)}^{5}}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}} + \frac{25}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2}} {(5 x + 1)}^{4}$

Step 7.2.4

Combine $\frac{25}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2}}$ and ${(5 x + 1)}^{4}$ .

$- \frac{8 {(5 x + 1)}^{5}}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}} + \frac{25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4}}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 7.2.5

To write $\frac{25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4}}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2}}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{4 x + 1}{4 x + 1}$ .

$- \frac{8 {(5 x + 1)}^{5}}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}} + \frac{25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4}}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{4 x + 1}{4 x + 1}$

Step 7.2.6

Write each expression with a common denominator of ${(4 x + 1)}^{3}$ , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of $1$ .

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Step 7.2.6.1

Multiply $\frac{25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4}}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2}}$ by $\frac{4 x + 1}{4 x + 1}$ .

$- \frac{8 {(5 x + 1)}^{5}}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}} + \frac{25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (4 x + 1)}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2} (4 x + 1)}$

Step 7.2.6.2

Multiply ${(4 x + 1)}^{2}$ by $4 x + 1$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 7.2.6.2.1

Multiply ${(4 x + 1)}^{2}$ by $4 x + 1$ .

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Step 7.2.6.2.1.1

Raise $4 x + 1$ to the power of $1$ .

$- \frac{8 {(5 x + 1)}^{5}}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}} + \frac{25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (4 x + 1)}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2} {(4 x + 1)}^{1}}$

Step 7.2.6.2.1.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$- \frac{8 {(5 x + 1)}^{5}}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}} + \frac{25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (4 x + 1)}{{(4 x + 1)}^{2 + 1}}$

Step 7.2.6.2.2

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$- \frac{8 {(5 x + 1)}^{5}}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}} + \frac{25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (4 x + 1)}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$

Step 7.2.7

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- 8 {(5 x + 1)}^{5} + 25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (4 x + 1)}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$

Step 7.3

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 7.3.1

Factor ${(5 x + 1)}^{4}$ out of $- 8 {(5 x + 1)}^{5} + 25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (4 x + 1)$ .

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Step 7.3.1.1

Factor ${(5 x + 1)}^{4}$ out of $- 8 {(5 x + 1)}^{5}$ .

$\frac{{(5 x + 1)}^{4} (- 8 (5 x + 1)) + 25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (4 x + 1)}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$

Step 7.3.1.2

Factor ${(5 x + 1)}^{4}$ out of $25 {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (4 x + 1)$ .

$\frac{{(5 x + 1)}^{4} (- 8 (5 x + 1)) + {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (25 (4 x + 1))}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$

Step 7.3.1.3

Factor ${(5 x + 1)}^{4}$ out of ${(5 x + 1)}^{4} (- 8 (5 x + 1)) + {(5 x + 1)}^{4} (25 (4 x + 1))$ .

$\frac{{(5 x + 1)}^{4} (- 8 (5 x + 1) + 25 (4 x + 1))}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$

Step 7.3.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{{(5 x + 1)}^{4} (- 8 (5 x) - 8 \cdot 1 + 25 (4 x + 1))}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$

Step 7.3.3

Multiply $5$ by $- 8$ .

$\frac{{(5 x + 1)}^{4} (- 40 x - 8 \cdot 1 + 25 (4 x + 1))}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$

Step 7.3.4

Multiply $- 8$ by $1$ .

$\frac{{(5 x + 1)}^{4} (- 40 x - 8 + 25 (4 x + 1))}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$

Step 7.3.5

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{{(5 x + 1)}^{4} (- 40 x - 8 + 25 (4 x) + 25 \cdot 1)}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$

Step 7.3.6

Multiply $4$ by $25$ .

$\frac{{(5 x + 1)}^{4} (- 40 x - 8 + 100 x + 25 \cdot 1)}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$

Step 7.3.7

Multiply $25$ by $1$ .

$\frac{{(5 x + 1)}^{4} (- 40 x - 8 + 100 x + 25)}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$

Step 7.3.8

Add $- 40 x$ and $100 x$ .

$\frac{{(5 x + 1)}^{4} (60 x - 8 + 25)}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$

Step 7.3.9

Add $- 8$ and $25$ .

$\frac{{(5 x + 1)}^{4} (60 x + 17)}{{(4 x + 1)}^{3}}$