Calculus Examples

$y = \frac{- 9 e^{3 x}}{7 x + 3}$

Step 1

Differentiate using the Constant Multiple Rule.

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Step 1.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{d}{d x} [- \frac{9 e^{3 x}}{7 x + 3}]$

Step 1.2

Since $- 9$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- \frac{9 e^{3 x}}{7 x + 3}$ with respect to $x$ is $- 9 \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{e^{3 x}}{7 x + 3}]$ .

$- 9 \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{e^{3 x}}{7 x + 3}]$

Step 2

Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{f (x)}{g (x)}]$ is $\frac{g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)] - f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)]}{{g (x)}^{2}}$ where $f (x) = e^{3 x}$ and $g (x) = 7 x + 3$ .

$- 9 \frac{(7 x + 3) \frac{d}{d x} [e^{3 x}] - e^{3 x} \frac{d}{d x} [7 x + 3]}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = 3 x$ .

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Step 3.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $3 x$ .

$- 9 \frac{(7 x + 3) (\frac{d}{d u} [e^{u}] \frac{d}{d x} [3 x]) - e^{3 x} \frac{d}{d x} [7 x + 3]}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u} [a^{u}]$ is $a^{u} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$- 9 \frac{(7 x + 3) (e^{u} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x]) - e^{3 x} \frac{d}{d x} [7 x + 3]}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $3 x$ .

$- 9 \frac{(7 x + 3) (e^{3 x} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x]) - e^{3 x} \frac{d}{d x} [7 x + 3]}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4

Differentiate.

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Step 4.1

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $3 x$ with respect to $x$ is $3 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$- 9 \frac{(7 x + 3) e^{3 x} (3 \frac{d}{d x} [x]) - e^{3 x} \frac{d}{d x} [7 x + 3]}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$- 9 \frac{(7 x + 3) e^{3 x} (3 \cdot 1) - e^{3 x} \frac{d}{d x} [7 x + 3]}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3

Simplify the expression.

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Step 4.3.1

Multiply $3$ by $1$ .

$- 9 \frac{(7 x + 3) e^{3 x} \cdot 3 - e^{3 x} \frac{d}{d x} [7 x + 3]}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.2

Move $3$ to the left of $(7 x + 3) e^{3 x}$ .

$- 9 \frac{3 \cdot ((7 x + 3) e^{3 x}) - e^{3 x} \frac{d}{d x} [7 x + 3]}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4.4

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $7 x + 3$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [7 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3]$ .

$- 9 \frac{3 (7 x + 3) e^{3 x} - e^{3 x} (\frac{d}{d x} [7 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3])}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4.5

Since $7$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $7 x$ with respect to $x$ is $7 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$- 9 \frac{3 (7 x + 3) e^{3 x} - e^{3 x} (7 \frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3])}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4.6

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$- 9 \frac{3 (7 x + 3) e^{3 x} - e^{3 x} (7 \cdot 1 + \frac{d}{d x} [3])}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4.7

Multiply $7$ by $1$ .

$- 9 \frac{3 (7 x + 3) e^{3 x} - e^{3 x} (7 + \frac{d}{d x} [3])}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $3$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$- 9 \frac{3 (7 x + 3) e^{3 x} - e^{3 x} (7 + 0)}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4.9

Combine fractions.

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Step 4.9.1

Add $7$ and $0$ .

$- 9 \frac{3 (7 x + 3) e^{3 x} - e^{3 x} \cdot 7}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4.9.2

Multiply $7$ by $- 1$ .

$- 9 \frac{3 (7 x + 3) e^{3 x} - 7 e^{3 x}}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4.9.3

Combine $- 9$ and $\frac{3 (7 x + 3) e^{3 x} - 7 e^{3 x}}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$ .

$\frac{- 9 (3 (7 x + 3) e^{3 x} - 7 e^{3 x})}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 4.9.4

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{9 (3 (7 x + 3) e^{3 x} - 7 e^{3 x})}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 5

Simplify.

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Step 5.1

Apply the distributive property.

$- \frac{9 ((3 (7 x) + 3 \cdot 3) e^{3 x} - 7 e^{3 x})}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 5.2

Apply the distributive property.

$- \frac{9 (3 (7 x) e^{3 x} + 3 \cdot 3 e^{3 x} - 7 e^{3 x})}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 5.3

Apply the distributive property.

$- \frac{9 (3 (7 x) e^{3 x}) + 9 (3 \cdot 3 e^{3 x}) + 9 (- 7 e^{3 x})}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 5.4

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 5.4.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 5.4.1.1

Multiply $7$ by $3$ .

$- \frac{9 (21 x e^{3 x}) + 9 (3 \cdot 3 e^{3 x}) + 9 (- 7 e^{3 x})}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 5.4.1.2

Multiply $21$ by $9$ .

$- \frac{189 (x e^{3 x}) + 9 (3 \cdot 3 e^{3 x}) + 9 (- 7 e^{3 x})}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 5.4.1.3

Multiply $3$ by $3$ .

$- \frac{189 x e^{3 x} + 9 (9 e^{3 x}) + 9 (- 7 e^{3 x})}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 5.4.1.4

Multiply $9$ by $9$ .

$- \frac{189 x e^{3 x} + 81 e^{3 x} + 9 (- 7 e^{3 x})}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 5.4.1.5

Multiply $- 7$ by $9$ .

$- \frac{189 x e^{3 x} + 81 e^{3 x} - 63 e^{3 x}}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 5.4.2

Subtract $63 e^{3 x}$ from $81 e^{3 x}$ .

$- \frac{189 x e^{3 x} + 18 e^{3 x}}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 5.5

Factor $9 e^{3 x}$ out of $189 x e^{3 x} + 18 e^{3 x}$ .

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Step 5.5.1

Factor $9 e^{3 x}$ out of $189 x e^{3 x}$ .

$- \frac{9 e^{3 x} (21 x) + 18 e^{3 x}}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 5.5.2

Factor $9 e^{3 x}$ out of $18 e^{3 x}$ .

$- \frac{9 e^{3 x} (21 x) + 9 e^{3 x} (2)}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$

Step 5.5.3

Factor $9 e^{3 x}$ out of $9 e^{3 x} (21 x) + 9 e^{3 x} (2)$ .

$- \frac{9 e^{3 x} (21 x + 2)}{{(7 x + 3)}^{2}}$