Calculus Examples

$f (x) = \ln (\frac{\sqrt{x^{2} + 1}}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}})$

Step 1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{x^{2} + 1}$ as ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [\ln (\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}})]$

Step 2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = \ln (x)$ and $g (x) = \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}$ .

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Step 2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{1}$ as $\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}$ .

$\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [\ln (u_{1})] \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}]$

Step 2.2

The derivative of $\ln (u_{1})$ with respect to $u_{1}$ is $\frac{1}{u_{1}}$ .

$\frac{1}{u_{1}} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}]$

Step 2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}$ .

$\frac{1}{\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}]$

Step 3

Multiply by the reciprocal of the fraction to divide by $\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}$ .

$1 \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}]$

Step 4

Multiply $\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}]$

Step 5

Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{f (x)}{g (x)}]$ is $\frac{g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)] - f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)]}{{g (x)}^{2}}$ where $f (x) = {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $g (x) = x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}] - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 6

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $g (x) = x^{2} + 1$ .

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Step 6.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{2}$ as $x^{2} + 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [{u_{2}}^{\frac{1}{2}}] \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 6.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [{u_{2}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{2}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (\frac{1}{2} {u_{2}}^{\frac{1}{2} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 6.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with $x^{2} + 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (\frac{1}{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 7

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (\frac{1}{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 8

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (\frac{1}{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 9

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (\frac{1}{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 10

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 10.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (\frac{1}{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 10.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (\frac{1}{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{- 1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 11

Combine fractions.

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Step 11.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (\frac{1}{2} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 11.2

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 11.3

Move ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (\frac{1}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 11.4

Combine $\frac{1}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and $x$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{x}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1] - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 11.5

Combine $\frac{x}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and ${(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1] - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 12

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x^{2} + 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 13

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (2 x + \frac{d}{d x} [1]) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 14

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (2 x + 0) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 15

Combine fractions.

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Step 15.1

Add $2 x$ and $0$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (2 x) - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 15.2

Combine $2$ and $\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{2 (x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} x - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 15.3

Combine $\frac{2 (x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and $x$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{2 (x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}) x}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 16

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{2 (x^{1} x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 17

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{2 (x^{1} x^{1} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 18

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{2 (x^{1 + 1} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 19

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{2 (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 20

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{2 x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{2 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 21

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 22

Multiply $\frac{\frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$ by $\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} (\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}]}{{(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}})$

Step 23

Combine.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} (\frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} - {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 24

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} (- {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 25

Cancel the common factor of ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

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Step 25.1

Cancel the common factor.

Step 25.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} (- {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 26

Multiply ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 26.1

Move ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} (- \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 26.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}} (- \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 26.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1 + 1}{2}} (- \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 26.4

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{2}{2}} (- \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 26.5

Divide $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + {(x^{2} + 1)}^{1} (- \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 27

Simplify ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{1} (- \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}])$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- \frac{d}{d x} [x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 28

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x$ and $g (x) = {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x \frac{d}{d x} [{(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}] + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 29

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{2}$ and $g (x) = 2 x^{3} - 1$ .

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Step 29.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{3}$ as $2 x^{3} - 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x (\frac{d}{d u_{3}} [{u_{3}}^{2}] \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{3} - 1]) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 29.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{3}} [{u_{3}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{3}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x (2 u_{3} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{3} - 1]) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 29.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{3}$ with $2 x^{3} - 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x (2 (2 x^{3} - 1) \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{3} - 1]) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 30

Differentiate.

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Step 30.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $2 x^{3} - 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 1]$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x (2 (2 x^{3} - 1) (\frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 1])) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 30.2

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2 x^{3}$ with respect to $x$ is $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}]$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x (2 (2 x^{3} - 1) (2 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 1])) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 30.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 3$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x (2 (2 x^{3} - 1) (2 (3 x^{2}) + \frac{d}{d x} [- 1])) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 30.4

Multiply $3$ by $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x (2 (2 x^{3} - 1) (6 x^{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 1])) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 30.5

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- 1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x (2 (2 x^{3} - 1) (6 x^{2} + 0)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 30.6

Simplify the expression.

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Step 30.6.1

Add $6 x^{2}$ and $0$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x (2 (2 x^{3} - 1) (6 x^{2})) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 30.6.2

Multiply $6$ by $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x (12 (2 x^{3} - 1) x^{2}) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 31

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{2} x^{1} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 32

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{2 + 1} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 33

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x]))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 34

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} \cdot 1))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 35

Combine fractions.

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Step 35.1

Multiply ${(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 35.2

Multiply $\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ by $\frac{x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} ({(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 36

Multiply ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 36.1

Move ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 36.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 36.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1 + 1}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 36.4

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{2}{2}} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 36.5

Divide $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})))}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{1} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 37

Simplify ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{1} {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})))}{(x^{2} + 1) {(x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}}$

Step 38

Simplify.

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Step 38.1

Apply the product rule to $x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3}) + 12 \cdot - 1) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.3

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3})) + x^{3} (12 \cdot - 1) + {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.4

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- (x^{3} (12 (2 x^{3}))) - (x^{3} (12 \cdot - 1)) - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 38.5.1

Combine exponents.

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Step 38.5.1.1

Multiply $12$ by $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- x^{3} (24 x^{3}) - x^{3} \cdot 12 \cdot - 1 - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.1.2

Multiply $24$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{3} x^{3} - x^{3} \cdot 12 \cdot - 1 - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.1.3

Multiply $x^{3}$ by $x^{3}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 38.5.1.3.1

Move $x^{3}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 (x^{3} x^{3}) - x^{3} \cdot 12 \cdot - 1 - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.1.3.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{3 + 3} - x^{3} \cdot 12 \cdot - 1 - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.1.3.3

Add $3$ and $3$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} - x^{3} \cdot 12 \cdot - 1 - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.1.4

Multiply $12$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} - 12 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.1.5

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 12$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2

Simplify each term.

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Step 38.5.2.1

Rewrite ${(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}$ as $(2 x^{3} - 1) (2 x^{3} - 1)$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} ((2 x^{3} - 1) (2 x^{3} - 1)) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.2

Expand $(2 x^{3} - 1) (2 x^{3} - 1)$ using the FOIL Method.

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Step 38.5.2.2.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (2 x^{3} (2 x^{3} - 1) - 1 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.2.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (2 x^{3} (2 x^{3}) + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3} - 1)) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.2.3

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (2 x^{3} (2 x^{3}) + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.3

Simplify and combine like terms.

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Step 38.5.2.3.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 38.5.2.3.1.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (2 \cdot 2 x^{3} x^{3} + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.3.1.2

Multiply $x^{3}$ by $x^{3}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 38.5.2.3.1.2.1

Move $x^{3}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (2 \cdot 2 (x^{3} x^{3}) + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.3.1.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (2 \cdot 2 x^{3 + 3} + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.3.1.2.3

Add $3$ and $3$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (2 \cdot 2 x^{6} + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.3.1.3

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (4 x^{6} + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.3.1.4

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (4 x^{6} - 2 x^{3} - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.3.1.5

Multiply $2$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (4 x^{6} - 2 x^{3} - 2 x^{3} - 1 \cdot - 1) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.3.1.6

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (4 x^{6} - 2 x^{3} - 2 x^{3} + 1) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.3.2

Subtract $2 x^{3}$ from $- 2 x^{3}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (4 x^{6} - 4 x^{3} + 1) + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.4

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} (4 x^{6}) + x^{2} (- 4 x^{3}) + x^{2} \cdot 1 + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.5

Simplify.

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Step 38.5.2.5.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{2} x^{6} + x^{2} (- 4 x^{3}) + x^{2} \cdot 1 + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.5.2

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{2} x^{6} - 4 x^{2} x^{3} + x^{2} \cdot 1 + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.5.3

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{2} x^{6} - 4 x^{2} x^{3} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.6

Simplify each term.

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Step 38.5.2.6.1

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $x^{6}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 38.5.2.6.1.1

Move $x^{6}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 (x^{6} x^{2}) - 4 x^{2} x^{3} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.6.1.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{6 + 2} - 4 x^{2} x^{3} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.6.1.3

Add $6$ and $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{2} x^{3} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.6.2

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $x^{3}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 38.5.2.6.2.1

Move $x^{3}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 (x^{3} x^{2}) + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.6.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{3 + 2} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.6.2.3

Add $3$ and $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7

Simplify each term.

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Step 38.5.2.7.1

Rewrite ${(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}$ as $(2 x^{3} - 1) (2 x^{3} - 1)$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - ((2 x^{3} - 1) (2 x^{3} - 1))))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.2

Expand $(2 x^{3} - 1) (2 x^{3} - 1)$ using the FOIL Method.

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Step 38.5.2.7.2.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (2 x^{3} (2 x^{3} - 1) - 1 (2 x^{3} - 1))))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.2.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (2 x^{3} (2 x^{3}) + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3} - 1))))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.2.3

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (2 x^{3} (2 x^{3}) + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1)))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.3

Simplify and combine like terms.

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Step 38.5.2.7.3.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 38.5.2.7.3.1.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (2 \cdot 2 x^{3} x^{3} + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1)))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.3.1.2

Multiply $x^{3}$ by $x^{3}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 38.5.2.7.3.1.2.1

Move $x^{3}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (2 \cdot 2 (x^{3} x^{3}) + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1)))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.3.1.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (2 \cdot 2 x^{3 + 3} + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1)))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.3.1.2.3

Add $3$ and $3$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (2 \cdot 2 x^{6} + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1)))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.3.1.3

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (4 x^{6} + 2 x^{3} \cdot - 1 - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1)))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.3.1.4

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (4 x^{6} - 2 x^{3} - 1 (2 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot - 1)))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.3.1.5

Multiply $2$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (4 x^{6} - 2 x^{3} - 2 x^{3} - 1 \cdot - 1)))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.3.1.6

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (4 x^{6} - 2 x^{3} - 2 x^{3} + 1)))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.3.2

Subtract $2 x^{3}$ from $- 2 x^{3}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (4 x^{6} - 4 x^{3} + 1)))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.4

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - (4 x^{6}) - (- 4 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot 1))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.5

Simplify.

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Step 38.5.2.7.5.1

Multiply $4$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - 4 x^{6} - (- 4 x^{3}) - 1 \cdot 1))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.5.2

Multiply $- 4$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - 4 x^{6} + 4 x^{3} - 1 \cdot 1))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.7.5.3

Multiply $- 1$ by $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 24 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} - 4 x^{6} + 4 x^{3} - 1))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.8

Subtract $4 x^{6}$ from $- 24 x^{6}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{3} + 4 x^{3} - 1))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.9

Add $12 x^{3}$ and $4 x^{3}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + (x^{2} + 1) (- 28 x^{6} + 16 x^{3} - 1))}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.10

Expand $(x^{2} + 1) (- 28 x^{6} + 16 x^{3} - 1)$ by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} + x^{2} (- 28 x^{6}) + x^{2} (16 x^{3}) + x^{2} \cdot - 1 + 1 (- 28 x^{6}) + 1 (16 x^{3}) + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11

Simplify each term.

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Step 38.5.2.11.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{2} x^{6} + x^{2} (16 x^{3}) + x^{2} \cdot - 1 + 1 (- 28 x^{6}) + 1 (16 x^{3}) + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11.2

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $x^{6}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 38.5.2.11.2.1

Move $x^{6}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 (x^{6} x^{2}) + x^{2} (16 x^{3}) + x^{2} \cdot - 1 + 1 (- 28 x^{6}) + 1 (16 x^{3}) + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{6 + 2} + x^{2} (16 x^{3}) + x^{2} \cdot - 1 + 1 (- 28 x^{6}) + 1 (16 x^{3}) + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11.2.3

Add $6$ and $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{8} + x^{2} (16 x^{3}) + x^{2} \cdot - 1 + 1 (- 28 x^{6}) + 1 (16 x^{3}) + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11.3

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{8} + 16 x^{2} x^{3} + x^{2} \cdot - 1 + 1 (- 28 x^{6}) + 1 (16 x^{3}) + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11.4

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $x^{3}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 38.5.2.11.4.1

Move $x^{3}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{8} + 16 (x^{3} x^{2}) + x^{2} \cdot - 1 + 1 (- 28 x^{6}) + 1 (16 x^{3}) + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11.4.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{8} + 16 x^{3 + 2} + x^{2} \cdot - 1 + 1 (- 28 x^{6}) + 1 (16 x^{3}) + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11.4.3

Add $3$ and $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{8} + 16 x^{5} + x^{2} \cdot - 1 + 1 (- 28 x^{6}) + 1 (16 x^{3}) + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11.5

Move $- 1$ to the left of $x^{2}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{8} + 16 x^{5} - 1 \cdot x^{2} + 1 (- 28 x^{6}) + 1 (16 x^{3}) + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11.6

Rewrite $- 1 x^{2}$ as $- x^{2}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{8} + 16 x^{5} - x^{2} + 1 (- 28 x^{6}) + 1 (16 x^{3}) + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11.7

Multiply $- 28 x^{6}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{8} + 16 x^{5} - x^{2} - 28 x^{6} + 1 (16 x^{3}) + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11.8

Multiply $16 x^{3}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{8} + 16 x^{5} - x^{2} - 28 x^{6} + 16 x^{3} + 1 \cdot - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.2.11.9

Multiply $- 1$ by $1$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{8} + 16 x^{5} - x^{2} - 28 x^{6} + 16 x^{3} - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.3

Combine the opposite terms in $4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + x^{2} - 28 x^{8} + 16 x^{5} - x^{2} - 28 x^{6} + 16 x^{3} - 1$ .

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Step 38.5.3.1

Subtract $x^{2}$ from $x^{2}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} - 28 x^{8} + 16 x^{5} + 0 - 28 x^{6} + 16 x^{3} - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.3.2

Add $4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} - 28 x^{8} + 16 x^{5}$ and $0$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (4 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} - 28 x^{8} + 16 x^{5} - 28 x^{6} + 16 x^{3} - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.4

Subtract $28 x^{8}$ from $4 x^{8}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (- 24 x^{8} - 4 x^{5} + 16 x^{5} - 28 x^{6} + 16 x^{3} - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.5

Add $- 4 x^{5}$ and $16 x^{5}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (- 24 x^{8} + 12 x^{5} - 28 x^{6} + 16 x^{3} - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.5.6

Reorder terms.

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (- 24 x^{8} - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2})}$

Step 38.6

Combine terms.

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Step 38.6.1

Multiply the exponents in ${({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}^{2}$ .

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Step 38.6.1.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (- 24 x^{8} - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2 \cdot 2})}$

Step 38.6.1.2

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (- 24 x^{8} - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) (x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{4})}$

Step 38.6.2

Cancel the common factor of $x$ and $x^{2}$ .

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Step 38.6.2.1

Factor $x$ out of $x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (- 24 x^{8} - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1)$ .

$\frac{x ({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (- 24 x^{8} - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1))}{(x^{2} + 1) x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{4}}$

Step 38.6.2.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 38.6.2.2.1

Factor $x$ out of $(x^{2} + 1) x^{2} {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{4}$ .

$\frac{x ({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (- 24 x^{8} - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1))}{x ((x^{2} + 1) x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{4})}$

Step 38.6.2.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{x ({(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (- 24 x^{8} - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1))}{x ((x^{2} + 1) x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{4})}$

Step 38.6.2.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{{(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (- 24 x^{8} - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1)}{(x^{2} + 1) x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{4}}$

Step 38.6.3

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 38.6.3.1

Factor ${(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}$ out of $(x^{2} + 1) x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{4}$ .

$\frac{{(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (- 24 x^{8} - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1)}{{(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} ((x^{2} + 1) x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}$

Step 38.6.3.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{{(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (- 24 x^{8} - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1)}{{(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} ((x^{2} + 1) x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2})}$

Step 38.6.3.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- 24 x^{8} - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1}{(x^{2} + 1) x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2}}$

Step 38.7

Reorder terms.

$\frac{- 24 x^{8} - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}$

Step 38.8

Factor $- 1$ out of $- 24 x^{8}$ .

$\frac{- (24 x^{8}) - 28 x^{6} + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}$

Step 38.9

Factor $- 1$ out of $- 28 x^{6}$ .

$\frac{- (24 x^{8}) - (28 x^{6}) + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}$

Step 38.10

Factor $- 1$ out of $- (24 x^{8}) - (28 x^{6})$ .

$\frac{- (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6}) + 12 x^{5} + 16 x^{3} - 1}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}$

Step 38.11

Factor $- 1$ out of $12 x^{5}$ .

$\frac{- (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6}) - (- 12 x^{5}) + 16 x^{3} - 1}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}$

Step 38.12

Factor $- 1$ out of $- (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6}) - (- 12 x^{5})$ .

$\frac{- (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6} - 12 x^{5}) + 16 x^{3} - 1}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}$

Step 38.13

Factor $- 1$ out of $16 x^{3}$ .

$\frac{- (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6} - 12 x^{5}) - (- 16 x^{3}) - 1}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}$

Step 38.14

Factor $- 1$ out of $- (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6} - 12 x^{5}) - (- 16 x^{3})$ .

$\frac{- (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6} - 12 x^{5} - 16 x^{3}) - 1}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}$

Step 38.15

Rewrite $- 1$ as $- 1 (1)$ .

$\frac{- (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6} - 12 x^{5} - 16 x^{3}) - 1 (1)}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}$

Step 38.16

Factor $- 1$ out of $- (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6} - 12 x^{5} - 16 x^{3}) - 1 (1)$ .

$\frac{- (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6} - 12 x^{5} - 16 x^{3} + 1)}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}$

Step 38.17

Rewrite $- (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6} - 12 x^{5} - 16 x^{3} + 1)$ as $- 1 (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6} - 12 x^{5} - 16 x^{3} + 1)$ .

$\frac{- 1 (24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6} - 12 x^{5} - 16 x^{3} + 1)}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}$

Step 38.18

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{24 x^{8} + 28 x^{6} - 12 x^{5} - 16 x^{3} + 1}{x {(2 x^{3} - 1)}^{2} (x^{2} + 1)}$