Calculus Examples

$y = (4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}}$

Step 1

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = 4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6$ and $g (x) = e^{x^{3}}$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x^{3}}] + e^{x^{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6]$

Step 2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = x^{3}$ .

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Step 2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $x^{3}$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) (\frac{d}{d u} [e^{u}] \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}]) + e^{x^{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6]$

Step 2.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u} [a^{u}]$ is $a^{u} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) (e^{u} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}]) + e^{x^{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6]$

Step 2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $x^{3}$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) (e^{x^{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}]) + e^{x^{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6]$

Step 3

Differentiate.

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Step 3.1

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 3$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6]$

Step 3.2

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [4 x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 2 x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6]$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (\frac{d}{d x} [4 x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 2 x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6])$

Step 3.3

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $4 x^{3}$ with respect to $x$ is $4 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}]$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (4 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 2 x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6])$

Step 3.4

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 3$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (4 (3 x^{2}) + \frac{d}{d x} [- 2 x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6])$

Step 3.5

Multiply $3$ by $4$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 2 x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6])$

Step 3.6

Since $- 2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- 2 x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $- 2 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2} - 2 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6])$

Step 3.7

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2} - 2 (2 x) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6])$

Step 3.8

Multiply $2$ by $- 2$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2} - 4 x + \frac{d}{d x} [8 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6])$

Step 3.9

Since $8$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $8 x$ with respect to $x$ is $8 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2} - 4 x + 8 \frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6])$

Step 3.10

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2} - 4 x + 8 \cdot 1 + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6])$

Step 3.11

Multiply $8$ by $1$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2} - 4 x + 8 + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6])$

Step 3.12

Since $- 6$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- 6$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2} - 4 x + 8 + 0)$

Step 3.13

Add $12 x^{2} - 4 x + 8$ and $0$ .

$(4 x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 8 x - 6) e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2} - 4 x + 8)$

Step 4

Simplify.

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Step 4.1

Apply the distributive property.

$(4 x^{3} e^{x^{3}} - 2 x^{2} e^{x^{3}} + 8 x e^{x^{3}} - 6 e^{x^{3}}) (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2} - 4 x + 8)$

Step 4.2

Apply the distributive property.

$4 x^{3} e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) - 2 x^{2} e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + 8 x e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2} - 4 x + 8)$

Step 4.3

Apply the distributive property.

$4 x^{3} e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) - 2 x^{2} e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + 8 x e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4

Combine terms.

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Step 4.4.1

Multiply $3$ by $4$ .

$12 x^{3} e^{x^{3}} x^{2} - 2 x^{2} e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + 8 x e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.2

Multiply $x^{3}$ by $x^{2}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.4.2.1

Move $x^{2}$ .

$12 (x^{2} x^{3}) e^{x^{3}} - 2 x^{2} e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + 8 x e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$12 x^{2 + 3} e^{x^{3}} - 2 x^{2} e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + 8 x e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.2.3

Add $2$ and $3$ .

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 2 x^{2} e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + 8 x e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.3

Multiply $3$ by $- 2$ .

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{2} e^{x^{3}} x^{2} + 8 x e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.4

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $x^{2}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.4.4.1

Move $x^{2}$ .

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 (x^{2} x^{2}) e^{x^{3}} + 8 x e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.4.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{2 + 2} e^{x^{3}} + 8 x e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.4.3

Add $2$ and $2$ .

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{4} e^{x^{3}} + 8 x e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.5

Multiply $3$ by $8$ .

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{4} e^{x^{3}} + 24 x e^{x^{3}} x^{2} - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.6

Multiply $x$ by $x^{2}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.4.6.1

Move $x^{2}$ .

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{4} e^{x^{3}} + 24 (x^{2} x) e^{x^{3}} - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.6.2

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $x$ .

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Step 4.4.6.2.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{4} e^{x^{3}} + 24 (x^{2} x^{1}) e^{x^{3}} - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.6.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{4} e^{x^{3}} + 24 x^{2 + 1} e^{x^{3}} - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.6.3

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{4} e^{x^{3}} + 24 x^{3} e^{x^{3}} - 6 e^{x^{3}} (3 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.7

Multiply $3$ by $- 6$ .

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{4} e^{x^{3}} + 24 x^{3} e^{x^{3}} - 18 e^{x^{3}} x^{2} + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + e^{x^{3}} \cdot 8$

Step 4.4.8

Move $8$ to the left of $e^{x^{3}}$ .

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{4} e^{x^{3}} + 24 x^{3} e^{x^{3}} - 18 e^{x^{3}} x^{2} + e^{x^{3}} (12 x^{2}) + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + 8 \cdot e^{x^{3}}$

Step 4.4.9

Move $e^{x^{3}}$ .

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{4} e^{x^{3}} + 24 x^{3} e^{x^{3}} - 18 x^{2} e^{x^{3}} + 12 x^{2} e^{x^{3}} + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + 8 e^{x^{3}}$

Step 4.4.10

Add $- 18 x^{2} e^{x^{3}}$ and $12 x^{2} e^{x^{3}}$ .

$12 x^{5} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{4} e^{x^{3}} + 24 x^{3} e^{x^{3}} - 6 x^{2} e^{x^{3}} + e^{x^{3}} (- 4 x) + 8 e^{x^{3}}$

Step 4.5

Reorder terms.

$12 e^{x^{3}} x^{5} - 6 e^{x^{3}} x^{4} + 24 e^{x^{3}} x^{3} - 6 e^{x^{3}} x^{2} - 4 e^{x^{3}} x + 8 e^{x^{3}}$