Calculus Examples

$x^{x} y^{2} + 3 y = 4 x$

Step 1

Differentiate both sides of the equation.

$\frac{d}{d x} (x^{x} y^{2} + 3 y) = \frac{d}{d x} (4 x)$

Step 2

Differentiate the left side of the equation.

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Step 2.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x^{x} y^{2} + 3 y$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{x} y^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [x^{x} y^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{x} y^{2}]$ .

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Step 2.2.1

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x^{x}$ and $g (x) = y^{2}$ .

$x^{x} \frac{d}{d x} [y^{2}] + y^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{x}] + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{2}$ and $g (x) = y$ .

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Step 2.2.2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{1}$ as $y$ .

$x^{x} (\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{2}] \frac{d}{d x} [y]) + y^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{x}] + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{1}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$x^{x} (2 u_{1} \frac{d}{d x} [y]) + y^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{x}] + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $y$ .

$x^{x} (2 y \frac{d}{d x} [y]) + y^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{x}] + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.3

Rewrite $\frac{d}{d x} [y]$ as $y'$ .

$x^{x} (2 y y') + y^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{x}] + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.4

Use the properties of logarithms to simplify the differentiation.

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Step 2.2.4.1

Rewrite $x^{x}$ as $e^{\ln (x^{x})}$ .

$x^{x} (2 y y') + y^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{\ln (x^{x})}] + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.4.2

Expand $\ln (x^{x})$ by moving $x$ outside the logarithm.

$x^{x} (2 y y') + y^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x \ln (x)}] + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.5

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = x \ln (x)$ .

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Step 2.2.5.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{2}$ as $x \ln (x)$ .

$x^{x} (2 y y') + y^{2} (\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [e^{u_{2}}] \frac{d}{d x} [x \ln (x)]) + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.5.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [a^{u_{2}}]$ is $a^{u_{2}} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$x^{x} (2 y y') + y^{2} (e^{u_{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x \ln (x)]) + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.5.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with $x \ln (x)$ .

$x^{x} (2 y y') + y^{2} (e^{x \ln (x)} \frac{d}{d x} [x \ln (x)]) + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.6

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x$ and $g (x) = \ln (x)$ .

$x^{x} (2 y y') + y^{2} (e^{x \ln (x)} (x \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)] + \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.7

The derivative of $\ln (x)$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{x}$ .

$x^{x} (2 y y') + y^{2} (e^{x \ln (x)} (x \frac{1}{x} + \ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.8

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$x^{x} (2 y y') + y^{2} (e^{x \ln (x)} (x \frac{1}{x} + \ln (x) \cdot 1)) + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.9

Move $2$ to the left of $x^{x}$ .

$2 \cdot x^{x} y y' + y^{2} (e^{x \ln (x)} (x \frac{1}{x} + \ln (x) \cdot 1)) + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.10

Combine $x$ and $\frac{1}{x}$ .

$2 x^{x} y y' + y^{2} (e^{x \ln (x)} (\frac{x}{x} + \ln (x) \cdot 1)) + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.11

Cancel the common factor of $x$ .

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Step 2.2.11.1

Cancel the common factor.

$2 x^{x} y y' + y^{2} (e^{x \ln (x)} (\frac{x}{x} + \ln (x) \cdot 1)) + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.11.2

Rewrite the expression.

$2 x^{x} y y' + y^{2} (e^{x \ln (x)} (1 + \ln (x) \cdot 1)) + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.2.12

Multiply $\ln (x)$ by $1$ .

$2 x^{x} y y' + y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} (1 + \ln (x)) + \frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$

Step 2.3

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [3 y]$ .

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Step 2.3.1

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $3 y$ with respect to $x$ is $3 \frac{d}{d x} [y]$ .

$2 x^{x} y y' + y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} (1 + \ln (x)) + 3 \frac{d}{d x} [y]$

Step 2.3.2

Rewrite $\frac{d}{d x} [y]$ as $y'$ .

$2 x^{x} y y' + y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} (1 + \ln (x)) + 3 y'$

Step 2.4

Simplify.

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Step 2.4.1

Apply the distributive property.

$2 x^{x} y y' + y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} \cdot 1 + y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} \ln (x) + 3 y'$

Step 2.4.2

Multiply $y^{2}$ by $1$ .

$2 x^{x} y y' + y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} \ln (x) + 3 y'$

Step 2.4.3

Reorder terms.

$2 x^{x} y y' + e^{x \ln (x)} y^{2} + e^{x \ln (x)} y^{2} \ln (x) + 3 y'$

Step 3

Differentiate the right side of the equation.

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Step 3.1

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $4 x$ with respect to $x$ is $4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$

Step 3.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$4 \cdot 1$

Step 3.3

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$4$

Step 4

Reform the equation by setting the left side equal to the right side.

$2 x^{x} y y' + e^{x \ln (x)} y^{2} + e^{x \ln (x)} y^{2} \ln (x) + 3 y' = 4$

Step 5

Solve for $y'$ .

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Step 5.1

Move all the terms containing a logarithm to the left side of the equation.

$e^{x \ln (x)} y^{2} + e^{x \ln (x)} y^{2} \ln (x) = - 2 x^{x} y y' - 3 y' + 4$

Step 5.2

Reorder factors in $e^{x \ln (x)} y^{2} + e^{x \ln (x)} y^{2} \ln (x)$ .

$y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} \ln (x) = - 2 x^{x} y y' - 3 y' + 4$

Step 5.3

Reorder factors in $- 2 x^{x} y y' - 3 y' + 4$ .

$y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} \ln (x) = - 2 y y' x^{x} - 3 y' + 4$

Step 5.4

Rewrite the equation as $- 2 y y' x^{x} - 3 y' + 4 = y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} \ln (x)$ .

$- 2 y y' x^{x} - 3 y' + 4 = y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} \ln (x)$

Step 5.5

Reorder factors in $y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} \ln (x)$ .

$- 2 y y' x^{x} - 3 y' + 4 = y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)}$

Step 5.6

Subtract $4$ from both sides of the equation.

$- 2 y y' x^{x} - 3 y' = y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4$

Step 5.7

Factor $y'$ out of $- 2 y y' x^{x} - 3 y'$ .

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Step 5.7.1

Factor $y'$ out of $- 2 y y' x^{x}$ .

$y' (- 2 y x^{x}) - 3 y' = y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4$

Step 5.7.2

Factor $y'$ out of $- 3 y'$ .

$y' (- 2 y x^{x}) + y' \cdot - 3 = y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4$

Step 5.7.3

Factor $y'$ out of $y' (- 2 y x^{x}) + y' \cdot - 3$ .

$y' (- 2 y x^{x} - 3) = y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4$

Step 5.8

Divide each term in $y' (- 2 y x^{x} - 3) = y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4$ by $- 2 y x^{x} - 3$ and simplify.

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Step 5.8.1

Divide each term in $y' (- 2 y x^{x} - 3) = y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4$ by $- 2 y x^{x} - 3$ .

$\frac{y' (- 2 y x^{x} - 3)}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3} = \frac{y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)}}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3} + \frac{y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)}}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3} + \frac{- 4}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3}$

Step 5.8.2

Simplify the left side.

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Step 5.8.2.1

Cancel the common factor of $- 2 y x^{x} - 3$ .

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Step 5.8.2.1.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{y' (- 2 y x^{x} - 3)}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3} = \frac{y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)}}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3} + \frac{y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)}}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3} + \frac{- 4}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3}$

Step 5.8.2.1.2

Divide $y'$ by $1$ .

$y' = \frac{y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)}}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3} + \frac{y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)}}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3} + \frac{- 4}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3}$

Step 5.8.3

Simplify the right side.

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Step 5.8.3.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$y' = \frac{y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)}}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3} + \frac{y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)}}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3} - \frac{4}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3}$

Step 5.8.3.2

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$y' = \frac{y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)}}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3} - \frac{4}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3}$

Step 5.8.3.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$y' = \frac{y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4}{- 2 y x^{x} - 3}$

Step 5.8.3.4

Factor $- 1$ out of $- 2 y x^{x}$ .

$y' = \frac{y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4}{- (2 y x^{x}) - 3}$

Step 5.8.3.5

Rewrite $- 3$ as $- 1 (3)$ .

$y' = \frac{y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4}{- (2 y x^{x}) - 1 (3)}$

Step 5.8.3.6

Factor $- 1$ out of $- (2 y x^{x}) - 1 (3)$ .

$y' = \frac{y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4}{- (2 y x^{x} + 3)}$

Step 5.8.3.7

Rewrite negatives.

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Step 5.8.3.7.1

Rewrite $- (2 y x^{x} + 3)$ as $- 1 (2 y x^{x} + 3)$ .

$y' = \frac{y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4}{- 1 (2 y x^{x} + 3)}$

Step 5.8.3.7.2

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$y' = - \frac{y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4}{2 y x^{x} + 3}$

Step 6

Replace $y'$ with $\frac{d y}{d x}$ .

$\frac{d y}{d x} = - \frac{y^{2} e^{x \ln (x)} + y^{2} \ln (x) e^{x \ln (x)} - 4}{2 y x^{x} + 3}$