Calculus Examples

$y = (x^{2} - 3 x + 3) e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$

Step 1

Differentiate both sides of the equation.

$\frac{d}{d x} (y) = \frac{d}{d x} ((x^{2} - 3 x + 3) e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})$

Step 2

The derivative of $y$ with respect to $x$ is $y'$ .

$y'$

Step 3

Differentiate the right side of the equation.

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Step 3.1

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x^{2} - 3 x + 3$ and $g (x) = e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) \frac{d}{d x} [e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}] + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} - 3 x + 3]$

Step 3.2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = \frac{5 x}{3}$ .

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Step 3.2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $\frac{5 x}{3}$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) (\frac{d}{d u} [e^{u}] \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 x}{3}]) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} - 3 x + 3]$

Step 3.2.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u} [a^{u}]$ is $a^{u} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) (e^{u} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 x}{3}]) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} - 3 x + 3]$

Step 3.2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $\frac{5 x}{3}$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) (e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 x}{3}]) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} - 3 x + 3]$

Step 3.3

Differentiate.

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Step 3.3.1

Since $\frac{5}{3}$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $\frac{5 x}{3}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{5}{3} \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (\frac{5}{3} \frac{d}{d x} [x]) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} - 3 x + 3]$

Step 3.3.2

Combine $\frac{5}{3}$ and $e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} \frac{d}{d x} [x] + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} - 3 x + 3]$

Step 3.3.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} \cdot 1 + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} - 3 x + 3]$

Step 3.3.4

Multiply $x^{2} - 3 x + 3$ by $1$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} - 3 x + 3]$

Step 3.3.5

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x^{2} - 3 x + 3$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 3 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3]$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 3 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3])$

Step 3.3.6

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x + \frac{d}{d x} [- 3 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3])$

Step 3.3.7

Since $- 3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- 3 x$ with respect to $x$ is $- 3 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x - 3 \frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3])$

Step 3.3.8

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x - 3 \cdot 1 + \frac{d}{d x} [3])$

Step 3.3.9

Multiply $- 3$ by $1$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x - 3 + \frac{d}{d x} [3])$

Step 3.3.10

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $3$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x - 3 + 0)$

Step 3.3.11

Add $2 x - 3$ and $0$ .

$(x^{2} - 3 x + 3) \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x - 3)$

Step 3.4

Simplify.

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Step 3.4.1

Apply the distributive property.

$x^{2} \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} - 3 x \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + 3 \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x - 3)$

Step 3.4.2

Apply the distributive property.

$x^{2} \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} - 3 x \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + 3 \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3

Combine terms.

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Step 3.4.3.1

Combine $x^{2}$ and $\frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} - 3 x \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + 3 \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.2

Combine $- 3$ and $\frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + x \frac{- 3 (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + 3 \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.3

Multiply $5$ by $- 3$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + x \frac{- 15 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + 3 \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.4

Combine $x$ and $\frac{- 15 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + \frac{x (- 15 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + 3 \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.5

Cancel the common factor of $- 15$ and $3$ .

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Step 3.4.3.5.1

Factor $3$ out of $x (- 15 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + \frac{3 (x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}))}{3} + 3 \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.5.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 3.4.3.5.2.1

Factor $3$ out of $3$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + \frac{3 (x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}))}{3 (1)} + 3 \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.5.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + \frac{3 (x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}))}{3 \cdot 1} + 3 \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.5.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + \frac{x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{1} + 3 \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.5.2.4

Divide $x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})$ by $1$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}) + 3 \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.6

Combine $3$ and $\frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}) + \frac{3 (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.7

Multiply $5$ by $3$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}) + \frac{15 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.8

Cancel the common factor of $15$ and $3$ .

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Step 3.4.3.8.1

Factor $3$ out of $15 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}) + \frac{3 (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.8.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 3.4.3.8.2.1

Factor $3$ out of $3$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}) + \frac{3 (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3 (1)} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.8.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}) + \frac{3 (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3 \cdot 1} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.8.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}) + \frac{5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{1} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.8.2.4

Divide $5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}) + 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} \cdot - 3$

Step 3.4.3.9

Move $- 3$ to the left of $e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} + x (- 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}) + 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} + e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} (2 x) - 3 \cdot e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$

Step 3.4.3.10

Move $e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} - 5 \cdot x e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} + 2 x e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} + 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} - 3 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$

Step 3.4.3.11

Add $- 5 x e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$ and $2 x e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} - 3 x e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} + 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} - 3 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$

Step 3.4.3.12

Subtract $3 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$ from $5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} - 3 x e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} + 2 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$

Step 3.4.4

Reorder terms.

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} - 3 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} x + 2 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$

Step 3.4.5

Simplify each term.

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Step 3.4.5.1

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 3.4.5.1.1

Rewrite.

$\frac{x^{2} (5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}})}{3} - 3 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} x + 2 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$

Step 3.4.5.1.2

Remove unnecessary parentheses.

$\frac{x^{2} \cdot 5 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} - 3 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} x + 2 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$

Step 3.4.5.2

Move $5$ to the left of $x^{2}$ .

$\frac{5 x^{2} e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} - 3 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} x + 2 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$

Step 3.4.6

Reorder factors in $\frac{5 x^{2} e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} - 3 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} x + 2 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$ .

$\frac{5 x^{2} e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} - 3 x e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} + 2 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$

Step 4

Reform the equation by setting the left side equal to the right side.

$y' = \frac{5 x^{2} e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} - 3 x e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} + 2 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$

Step 5

Replace $y'$ with $\frac{d y}{d x}$ .

$\frac{d y}{d x} = \frac{5 x^{2} e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}}{3} - 3 x e^{\frac{5 x}{3}} + 2 e^{\frac{5 x}{3}}$