Calculus Examples

$y = {\sin (9 x)}^{\ln (x)}$

Step 1

Use the properties of logarithms to simplify the differentiation.

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Step 1.1

Rewrite ${\sin (9 x)}^{\ln (x)}$ as $e^{\ln ({\sin (9 x)}^{\ln (x)})}$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [e^{\ln ({\sin (9 x)}^{\ln (x)})}]$

Step 1.2

Expand $\ln ({\sin (9 x)}^{\ln (x)})$ by moving $\ln (x)$ outside the logarithm.

$\frac{d}{d x} [e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))}]$

Step 2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = \ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))$ .

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Step 2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{1}$ as $\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))$ .

$\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [e^{u_{1}}] \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))]$

Step 2.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [a^{u_{1}}]$ is $a^{u_{1}} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$e^{u_{1}} \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))]$

Step 2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))]$

Step 3

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = \ln (x)$ and $g (x) = \ln (\sin (9 x))$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (\sin (9 x))] + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)])$

Step 4

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = \ln (x)$ and $g (x) = \sin (9 x)$ .

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Step 4.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{2}$ as $\sin (9 x)$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [\ln (u_{2})] \frac{d}{d x} [\sin (9 x)]) + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)])$

Step 4.2

The derivative of $\ln (u_{2})$ with respect to $u_{2}$ is $\frac{1}{u_{2}}$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (\frac{1}{u_{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [\sin (9 x)]) + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)])$

Step 4.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with $\sin (9 x)$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (\frac{1}{\sin (9 x)} \frac{d}{d x} [\sin (9 x)]) + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)])$

Step 5

Convert from $\frac{1}{\sin (9 x)}$ to $\csc (9 x)$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (\csc (9 x) \frac{d}{d x} [\sin (9 x)]) + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)])$

Step 6

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = \sin (x)$ and $g (x) = 9 x$ .

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Step 6.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{3}$ as $9 x$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (\csc (9 x) (\frac{d}{d u_{3}} [\sin (u_{3})] \frac{d}{d x} [9 x])) + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)])$

Step 6.2

The derivative of $\sin (u_{3})$ with respect to $u_{3}$ is $\cos (u_{3})$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (\csc (9 x) (\cos (u_{3}) \frac{d}{d x} [9 x])) + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)])$

Step 6.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{3}$ with $9 x$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (\csc (9 x) (\cos (9 x) \frac{d}{d x} [9 x])) + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)])$

Step 7

Differentiate.

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Step 7.1

Since $9$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $9 x$ with respect to $x$ is $9 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (\csc (9 x) \cos (9 x) (9 \frac{d}{d x} [x])) + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)])$

Step 7.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (\csc (9 x) \cos (9 x) (9 \cdot 1)) + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)])$

Step 7.3

Simplify the expression.

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Step 7.3.1

Multiply $9$ by $1$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (\csc (9 x) \cos (9 x) \cdot 9) + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)])$

Step 7.3.2

Move $9$ to the left of $\csc (9 x) \cos (9 x)$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (9 \cdot (\csc (9 x) \cos (9 x))) + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{d}{d x} [\ln (x)])$

Step 8

The derivative of $\ln (x)$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{x}$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (9 \csc (9 x) \cos (9 x)) + \ln (\sin (9 x)) \frac{1}{x})$

Step 9

Combine $\ln (\sin (9 x))$ and $\frac{1}{x}$ .

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (9 \csc (9 x) \cos (9 x)) + \frac{\ln (\sin (9 x))}{x})$

Step 10

Simplify.

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Step 10.1

Apply the distributive property.

$e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} (\ln (x) (9 \csc (9 x) \cos (9 x))) + e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} \frac{\ln (\sin (9 x))}{x}$

Step 10.2

Combine terms.

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Step 10.2.1

Move $9$ to the left of $e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} \ln (x)$ .

$9 \cdot (e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} \ln (x)) \csc (9 x) \cos (9 x) + e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} \frac{\ln (\sin (9 x))}{x}$

Step 10.2.2

Combine $e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))}$ and $\frac{\ln (\sin (9 x))}{x}$ .

$9 e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} \ln (x) \csc (9 x) \cos (9 x) + \frac{e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} \ln (\sin (9 x))}{x}$

Step 10.3

Reorder terms.

$9 e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} \cos (9 x) \csc (9 x) \ln (x) + \frac{e^{\ln (x) \ln (\sin (9 x))} \ln (\sin (9 x))}{x}$