Calculus Examples

$\int_{1}^{500} 13^{x} - 11^{x} d x + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1

Evaluate $\int_{1}^{500} 13^{x} - 11^{x} d x$ .

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Step 1.1

Split the single integral into multiple integrals.

$\int_{1}^{500} 13^{x} d x + \int_{1}^{500} - 11^{x} d x + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.2

The integral of $13^{x}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{13^{x}}{\ln (13)}$ .

$\frac{13^{x}}{\ln (13)}]_{1}^{500} + \int_{1}^{500} - 11^{x} d x + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.3

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $- 1$ out of the integral.

$\frac{13^{x}}{\ln (13)}]_{1}^{500} - \int_{1}^{500} 11^{x} d x + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.4

The integral of $11^{x}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{11^{x}}{\ln (11)}$ .

$\frac{13^{x}}{\ln (13)}]_{1}^{500} - (\frac{11^{x}}{\ln (11)}]_{1}^{500}) + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.5

Substitute and simplify.

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Step 1.5.1

Evaluate $\frac{13^{x}}{\ln (13)}$ at $500$ and at $1$ .

$(\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)}) - \frac{13^{1}}{\ln (13)} - (\frac{11^{x}}{\ln (11)}]_{1}^{500}) + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.5.2

Evaluate $\frac{11^{x}}{\ln (11)}$ at $500$ and at $1$ .

$\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{13^{1}}{\ln (13)} - (\frac{11^{500}}{\ln (11)} - \frac{11^{1}}{\ln (11)}) + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.5.3

Simplify.

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Step 1.5.3.1

Evaluate the exponent.

$\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{13}{\ln (13)} - (\frac{11^{500}}{\ln (11)} - \frac{11^{1}}{\ln (11)}) + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.5.3.2

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{13^{500} - 13}{\ln (13)} - (\frac{11^{500}}{\ln (11)} - \frac{11^{1}}{\ln (11)}) + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.5.3.3

Evaluate the exponent.

$\frac{13^{500} - 13}{\ln (13)} - (\frac{11^{500}}{\ln (11)} - \frac{11}{\ln (11)}) + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.5.3.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{13^{500} - 13}{\ln (13)} - \frac{11^{500} - 11}{\ln (11)} + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.5.3.5

To write $\frac{13^{500} - 13}{\ln (13)}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{\ln (11)}{\ln (11)}$ .

$\frac{13^{500} - 13}{\ln (13)} \cdot \frac{\ln (11)}{\ln (11)} - \frac{11^{500} - 11}{\ln (11)} + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.5.3.6

To write $- \frac{11^{500} - 11}{\ln (11)}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{\ln (13)}{\ln (13)}$ .

$\frac{13^{500} - 13}{\ln (13)} \cdot \frac{\ln (11)}{\ln (11)} - \frac{11^{500} - 11}{\ln (11)} \cdot \frac{\ln (13)}{\ln (13)} + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.5.3.7

Write each expression with a common denominator of $\ln (13) \ln (11)$ , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of $1$ .

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Step 1.5.3.7.1

Multiply $\frac{13^{500} - 13}{\ln (13)}$ by $\frac{\ln (11)}{\ln (11)}$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11)}{\ln (13) \ln (11)} - \frac{11^{500} - 11}{\ln (11)} \cdot \frac{\ln (13)}{\ln (13)} + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.5.3.7.2

Multiply $\frac{11^{500} - 11}{\ln (11)}$ by $\frac{\ln (13)}{\ln (13)}$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11)}{\ln (13) \ln (11)} - \frac{(11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.5.3.7.3

Reorder the factors of $\ln (13) \ln (11)$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} - \frac{(11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 1.5.3.8

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 2

Evaluate $\int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} - 13^{x} d x$ .

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Step 2.1

Split the single integral into multiple integrals.

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \int_{2}^{500} 11^{x} d x + \int_{2}^{500} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 2.2

The integral of $11^{x}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{11^{x}}{\ln (11)}$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \frac{11^{x}}{\ln (11)}]_{2}^{500} + \int_{2}^{500} - 13^{x} d x$

Step 2.3

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $- 1$ out of the integral.

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \frac{11^{x}}{\ln (11)}]_{2}^{500} - \int_{2}^{500} 13^{x} d x$

Step 2.4

The integral of $13^{x}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{13^{x}}{\ln (13)}$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \frac{11^{x}}{\ln (11)}]_{2}^{500} - (\frac{13^{x}}{\ln (13)}]_{2}^{500})$

Step 2.5

Substitute and simplify.

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Step 2.5.1

Evaluate $\frac{11^{x}}{\ln (11)}$ at $500$ and at $2$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + (\frac{11^{500}}{\ln (11)}) - \frac{11^{2}}{\ln (11)} - (\frac{13^{x}}{\ln (13)}]_{2}^{500})$

Step 2.5.2

Evaluate $\frac{13^{x}}{\ln (13)}$ at $500$ and at $2$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \frac{11^{500}}{\ln (11)} - \frac{11^{2}}{\ln (11)} - (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{13^{2}}{\ln (13)})$

Step 2.5.3

Simplify.

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Step 2.5.3.1

Raise $11$ to the power of $2$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \frac{11^{500}}{\ln (11)} - \frac{121}{\ln (11)} - (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{13^{2}}{\ln (13)})$

Step 2.5.3.2

Raise $13$ to the power of $2$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \frac{11^{500}}{\ln (11)} - \frac{121}{\ln (11)} - (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{169}{\ln (13)})$

Step 2.5.3.3

To write $- (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{169}{\ln (13)})$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{\ln (11)}{\ln (11)}$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \frac{11^{500}}{\ln (11)} - (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{169}{\ln (13)}) \cdot \frac{\ln (11)}{\ln (11)} - \frac{121}{\ln (11)}$

Step 2.5.3.4

Combine $- (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{169}{\ln (13)})$ and $\frac{\ln (11)}{\ln (11)}$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \frac{11^{500}}{\ln (11)} + \frac{- (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{169}{\ln (13)}) \ln (11)}{\ln (11)} - \frac{121}{\ln (11)}$

Step 2.5.3.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \frac{11^{500} - (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{169}{\ln (13)}) \ln (11)}{\ln (11)} - \frac{121}{\ln (11)}$

Step 2.5.3.6

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \frac{11^{500} - (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{169}{\ln (13)}) \ln (11) - 121}{\ln (11)}$

Step 3

Simplify.

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Step 3.1

To write $\frac{11^{500} - (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{169}{\ln (13)}) \ln (11) - 121}{\ln (11)}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{\ln (13)}{\ln (13)}$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \frac{11^{500} - (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{169}{\ln (13)}) \ln (11) - 121}{\ln (11)} \cdot \frac{\ln (13)}{\ln (13)}$

Step 3.2

Multiply $\frac{11^{500} - (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{169}{\ln (13)}) \ln (11) - 121}{\ln (11)}$ by $\frac{\ln (13)}{\ln (13)}$ .

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)} + \frac{(11^{500} - (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{169}{\ln (13)}) \ln (11) - 121) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)}$

Step 3.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{(13^{500} - 13) \ln (11) - (11^{500} - 11) \ln (13) + (11^{500} - (\frac{13^{500}}{\ln (13)} - \frac{169}{\ln (13)}) \ln (11) - 121) \ln (13)}{\ln (11) \ln (13)}$