Calculus Examples

$y = (2 x^{7} - x^{2}) (\frac{x - 1}{x + 1})$

Step 1

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = 2 x^{7} - x^{2}$ and $g (x) = \frac{x - 1}{x + 1}$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{x - 1}{x + 1}] + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7} - x^{2}]$

Step 2

Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{f (x)}{g (x)}]$ is $\frac{g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)] - f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)]}{{g (x)}^{2}}$ where $f (x) = x - 1$ and $g (x) = x + 1$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{(x + 1) \frac{d}{d x} [x - 1] - (x - 1) \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7} - x^{2}]$

Step 3

Differentiate.

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Step 3.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x - 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 1]$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{(x + 1) (\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 1]) - (x - 1) \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7} - x^{2}]$

Step 3.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{(x + 1) (1 + \frac{d}{d x} [- 1]) - (x - 1) \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7} - x^{2}]$

Step 3.3

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- 1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{(x + 1) (1 + 0) - (x - 1) \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7} - x^{2}]$

Step 3.4

Simplify the expression.

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Step 3.4.1

Add $1$ and $0$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{(x + 1) \cdot 1 - (x - 1) \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7} - x^{2}]$

Step 3.4.2

Multiply $x + 1$ by $1$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1) \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7} - x^{2}]$

Step 3.5

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x + 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1) (\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1])}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7} - x^{2}]$

Step 3.6

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1) (1 + \frac{d}{d x} [1])}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7} - x^{2}]$

Step 3.7

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1) (1 + 0)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7} - x^{2}]$

Step 3.8

Simplify the expression.

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Step 3.8.1

Add $1$ and $0$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1) \cdot 1}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7} - x^{2}]$

Step 3.8.2

Multiply $- 1$ by $1$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7} - x^{2}]$

Step 3.9

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $2 x^{7} - x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{2}]$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (\frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{7}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{2}])$

Step 3.10

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2 x^{7}$ with respect to $x$ is $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{7}]$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (2 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{7}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{2}])$

Step 3.11

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 7$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (2 (7 x^{6}) + \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{2}])$

Step 3.12

Multiply $7$ by $2$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (14 x^{6} + \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{2}])$

Step 3.13

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $- \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (14 x^{6} - \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}])$

Step 3.14

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (14 x^{6} - (2 x))$

Step 3.15

Multiply $2$ by $- 1$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - (x - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (14 x^{6} - 2 x)$

Step 4

Simplify.

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Step 4.1

Apply the distributive property.

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - x - - 1}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (14 x^{6} - 2 x)$

Step 4.2

Combine terms.

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Step 4.2.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{x + 1 - x + 1}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (14 x^{6} - 2 x)$

Step 4.2.2

Subtract $x$ from $x$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{0 + 1 + 1}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (14 x^{6} - 2 x)$

Step 4.2.3

Add $0$ and $1$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{1 + 1}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (14 x^{6} - 2 x)$

Step 4.2.4

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{2}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (14 x^{6} - 2 x)$

Step 4.3

Reorder terms.

$(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \frac{2}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + (14 x^{6} - 2 x) \frac{x - 1}{x + 1}$

Step 4.4

Simplify each term.

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Step 4.4.1

Multiply $2 x^{7} - x^{2}$ by $\frac{2}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$ .

$\frac{(2 x^{7} - x^{2}) \cdot 2}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + (14 x^{6} - 2 x) \frac{x - 1}{x + 1}$

Step 4.4.2

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $2 x^{7} - x^{2}$ .

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Step 4.4.2.1

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $2 x^{7}$ .

$\frac{(x^{2} (2 x^{5}) - x^{2}) \cdot 2}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + (14 x^{6} - 2 x) \frac{x - 1}{x + 1}$

Step 4.4.2.2

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $- x^{2}$ .

$\frac{(x^{2} (2 x^{5}) + x^{2} \cdot - 1) \cdot 2}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + (14 x^{6} - 2 x) \frac{x - 1}{x + 1}$

Step 4.4.2.3

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $x^{2} (2 x^{5}) + x^{2} \cdot - 1$ .

$\frac{x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1) \cdot 2}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + (14 x^{6} - 2 x) \frac{x - 1}{x + 1}$

Step 4.4.3

Move $2$ to the left of $x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1)$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot (x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + (14 x^{6} - 2 x) \frac{x - 1}{x + 1}$

Step 4.4.4

Multiply $14 x^{6} - 2 x$ by $\frac{x - 1}{x + 1}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{(14 x^{6} - 2 x) (x - 1)}{x + 1}$

Step 4.4.5

Factor $2 x$ out of $14 x^{6} - 2 x$ .

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Step 4.4.5.1

Factor $2 x$ out of $14 x^{6}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{(2 x (7 x^{5}) - 2 x) (x - 1)}{x + 1}$

Step 4.4.5.2

Factor $2 x$ out of $- 2 x$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{(2 x (7 x^{5}) + 2 x (- 1)) (x - 1)}{x + 1}$

Step 4.4.5.3

Factor $2 x$ out of $2 x (7 x^{5}) + 2 x (- 1)$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)}{x + 1}$

Step 4.5

To write $\frac{2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)}{x + 1}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{x + 1}{x + 1}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)}{x + 1} \cdot \frac{x + 1}{x + 1}$

Step 4.6

Write each expression with a common denominator of ${(x + 1)}^{2}$ , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of $1$ .

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Step 4.6.1

Multiply $\frac{2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)}{x + 1}$ by $\frac{x + 1}{x + 1}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1) (x + 1)}{(x + 1) (x + 1)}$

Step 4.6.2

Raise $x + 1$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1) (x + 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{1} (x + 1)}$

Step 4.6.3

Raise $x + 1$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1) (x + 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{1} {(x + 1)}^{1}}$

Step 4.6.4

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1) (x + 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{1 + 1}}$

Step 4.6.5

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}} + \frac{2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1) (x + 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.7

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1) + 2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1) (x + 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 4.8.1

Factor $2 x$ out of $2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1) + 2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1) (x + 1)$ .

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Step 4.8.1.1

Factor $2 x$ out of $2 x^{2} (2 x^{5} - 1)$ .

$\frac{2 x (x (2 x^{5} - 1)) + 2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1) (x + 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.1.2

Factor $2 x$ out of $2 x (7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1) (x + 1)$ .

$\frac{2 x (x (2 x^{5} - 1)) + 2 x (((7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.1.3

Factor $2 x$ out of $2 x (x (2 x^{5} - 1)) + 2 x (((7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)) (x + 1))$ .

$\frac{2 x (x (2 x^{5} - 1) + ((7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{2 x (x (2 x^{5}) + x \cdot - 1 + ((7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.3

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\frac{2 x (2 x \cdot x^{5} + x \cdot - 1 + ((7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.4

Move $- 1$ to the left of $x$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x \cdot x^{5} - 1 \cdot x + ((7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.5

Simplify each term.

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Step 4.8.5.1

Multiply $x$ by $x^{5}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.8.5.1.1

Move $x^{5}$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 (x^{5} x) - 1 \cdot x + ((7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.5.1.2

Multiply $x^{5}$ by $x$ .

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Step 4.8.5.1.2.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 (x^{5} x^{1}) - 1 \cdot x + ((7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.5.1.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{5 + 1} - 1 \cdot x + ((7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.5.1.3

Add $5$ and $1$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - 1 \cdot x + ((7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.5.2

Rewrite $- 1 x$ as $- x$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + ((7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.6

Expand $(7 x^{5} - 1) (x - 1)$ using the FOIL Method.

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Step 4.8.6.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + (7 x^{5} (x - 1) - 1 (x - 1)) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.6.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + (7 x^{5} x + 7 x^{5} \cdot - 1 - 1 (x - 1)) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.6.3

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + (7 x^{5} x + 7 x^{5} \cdot - 1 - 1 x - 1 \cdot - 1) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.7

Simplify each term.

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Step 4.8.7.1

Multiply $x^{5}$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.8.7.1.1

Move $x$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + (7 (x \cdot x^{5}) + 7 x^{5} \cdot - 1 - 1 x - 1 \cdot - 1) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.7.1.2

Multiply $x$ by $x^{5}$ .

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Step 4.8.7.1.2.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + (7 (x^{1} x^{5}) + 7 x^{5} \cdot - 1 - 1 x - 1 \cdot - 1) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.7.1.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + (7 x^{1 + 5} + 7 x^{5} \cdot - 1 - 1 x - 1 \cdot - 1) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.7.1.3

Add $1$ and $5$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + (7 x^{6} + 7 x^{5} \cdot - 1 - 1 x - 1 \cdot - 1) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.7.2

Multiply $- 1$ by $7$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + (7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} - 1 x - 1 \cdot - 1) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.7.3

Rewrite $- 1 x$ as $- x$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + (7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} - x - 1 \cdot - 1) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.7.4

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + (7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} - x + 1) (x + 1))}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.8

Expand $(7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} - x + 1) (x + 1)$ by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{6} x + 7 x^{6} \cdot 1 - 7 x^{5} x - 7 x^{5} \cdot 1 - x \cdot x - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9

Simplify each term.

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Step 4.8.9.1

Multiply $x^{6}$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.8.9.1.1

Move $x$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 (x \cdot x^{6}) + 7 x^{6} \cdot 1 - 7 x^{5} x - 7 x^{5} \cdot 1 - x \cdot x - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.1.2

Multiply $x$ by $x^{6}$ .

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Step 4.8.9.1.2.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 (x^{1} x^{6}) + 7 x^{6} \cdot 1 - 7 x^{5} x - 7 x^{5} \cdot 1 - x \cdot x - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.1.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{1 + 6} + 7 x^{6} \cdot 1 - 7 x^{5} x - 7 x^{5} \cdot 1 - x \cdot x - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.1.3

Add $1$ and $6$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} \cdot 1 - 7 x^{5} x - 7 x^{5} \cdot 1 - x \cdot x - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.2

Multiply $7$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} x - 7 x^{5} \cdot 1 - x \cdot x - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.3

Multiply $x^{5}$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.8.9.3.1

Move $x$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} - 7 (x \cdot x^{5}) - 7 x^{5} \cdot 1 - x \cdot x - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.3.2

Multiply $x$ by $x^{5}$ .

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Step 4.8.9.3.2.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} - 7 (x^{1} x^{5}) - 7 x^{5} \cdot 1 - x \cdot x - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.3.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{1 + 5} - 7 x^{5} \cdot 1 - x \cdot x - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.3.3

Add $1$ and $5$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} \cdot 1 - x \cdot x - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.4

Multiply $- 7$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} - x \cdot x - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.5

Multiply $x$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.8.9.5.1

Move $x$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} - (x \cdot x) - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.5.2

Multiply $x$ by $x$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} - x^{2} - x \cdot 1 + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.6

Multiply $- 1$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} - x^{2} - x + 1 x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.7

Multiply $x$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} - x^{2} - x + x + 1 \cdot 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.9.8

Multiply $1$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} - x^{2} - x + x + 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.10

Combine the opposite terms in $7 x^{7} + 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} - x^{2} - x + x + 1$ .

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Step 4.8.10.1

Subtract $7 x^{6}$ from $7 x^{6}$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} + 0 - 7 x^{5} - x^{2} - x + x + 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.10.2

Add $7 x^{7}$ and $0$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} - 7 x^{5} - x^{2} - x + x + 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.10.3

Add $- x$ and $x$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} - 7 x^{5} - x^{2} + 0 + 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.10.4

Add $7 x^{7} - 7 x^{5} - x^{2}$ and $0$ .

$\frac{2 x (2 x^{6} - x + 7 x^{7} - 7 x^{5} - x^{2} + 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.8.11

Reorder terms.

$\frac{2 x (7 x^{7} + 2 x^{6} - 7 x^{5} - x^{2} - x + 1)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$