Calculus Examples

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (x^{2} - 4)$

Step 1

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{1}{3}}$ and $g (x) = x^{2} - 4$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} - 4] + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 2

Differentiate.

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Step 2.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x^{2} - 4$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 4]$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 4]) + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (2 x + \frac{d}{d x} [- 4]) + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 2.3

Since $- 4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- 4$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (2 x + 0) + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 2.4

Add $2 x$ and $0$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (2 x) + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 3

Multiply $x^{\frac{1}{3}}$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 3.1

Move $x$ .

$x \cdot x^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot 2 + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 3.2

Multiply $x$ by $x^{\frac{1}{3}}$ .

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Step 3.2.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$x^{1} x^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot 2 + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 3.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$x^{1 + \frac{1}{3}} \cdot 2 + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 3.3

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$x^{\frac{3}{3} + \frac{1}{3}} \cdot 2 + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 3.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$x^{\frac{3 + 1}{3}} \cdot 2 + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 3.5

Add $3$ and $1$ .

$x^{\frac{4}{3}} \cdot 2 + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 4

Move $2$ to the left of $x^{\frac{4}{3}}$ .

$2 \cdot x^{\frac{4}{3}} + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 5

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{3}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + (x^{2} - 4) (\frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{1}{3} - 1})$

Step 6

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + (x^{2} - 4) (\frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{1}{3} - 1 \cdot \frac{3}{3}})$

Step 7

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + (x^{2} - 4) (\frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 3}{3}})$

Step 8

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + (x^{2} - 4) (\frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 3}{3}})$

Step 9

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 9.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $3$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + (x^{2} - 4) (\frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{1 - 3}{3}})$

Step 9.2

Subtract $3$ from $1$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + (x^{2} - 4) (\frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{- 2}{3}})$

Step 10

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + (x^{2} - 4) (\frac{1}{3} x^{- \frac{2}{3}})$

Step 11

Combine $\frac{1}{3}$ and $x^{- \frac{2}{3}}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{x^{- \frac{2}{3}}}{3}$

Step 12

Move $x^{- \frac{2}{3}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + (x^{2} - 4) \frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13

Simplify.

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Step 13.1

Apply the distributive property.

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + x^{2} \frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}} - 4 \frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2

Combine terms.

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Step 13.2.1

Combine $x^{2}$ and $\frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + \frac{x^{2}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}} - 4 \frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.2

Move $x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ to the numerator using the negative exponent rule $\frac{1}{b^{n}} = b^{- n}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + \frac{x^{2} x^{- \frac{2}{3}}}{3} - 4 \frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.3

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $x^{- \frac{2}{3}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 13.2.3.1

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + \frac{x^{2 - \frac{2}{3}}}{3} - 4 \frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.3.2

To write $2$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + \frac{x^{2 \cdot \frac{3}{3} - \frac{2}{3}}}{3} - 4 \frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.3.3

Combine $2$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + \frac{x^{\frac{2 \cdot 3}{3} - \frac{2}{3}}}{3} - 4 \frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.3.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + \frac{x^{\frac{2 \cdot 3 - 2}{3}}}{3} - 4 \frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.3.5

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 13.2.3.5.1

Multiply $2$ by $3$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + \frac{x^{\frac{6 - 2}{3}}}{3} - 4 \frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.3.5.2

Subtract $2$ from $6$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + \frac{x^{\frac{4}{3}}}{3} - 4 \frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.4

Combine $- 4$ and $\frac{1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + \frac{x^{\frac{4}{3}}}{3} + \frac{- 4}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.5

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + \frac{x^{\frac{4}{3}}}{3} - \frac{4}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.6

To write $2 x^{\frac{4}{3}}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} \cdot \frac{3}{3} + \frac{x^{\frac{4}{3}}}{3} - \frac{4}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.7

Combine $2 x^{\frac{4}{3}}$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} \cdot 3}{3} + \frac{x^{\frac{4}{3}}}{3} - \frac{4}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.8

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{4}{3}} \cdot 3 + x^{\frac{4}{3}}}{3} - \frac{4}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.9

Multiply $3$ by $2$ .

$\frac{6 x^{\frac{4}{3}} + x^{\frac{4}{3}}}{3} - \frac{4}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 13.2.10

Add $6 x^{\frac{4}{3}}$ and $x^{\frac{4}{3}}$ .

$\frac{7 x^{\frac{4}{3}}}{3} - \frac{4}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$