Calculus Examples

$\int \frac{1}{x^{13}} d x$

Step 1

Apply basic rules of exponents.

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Step 1.1

Move $x^{13}$ out of the denominator by raising it to the $- 1$ power.

$\int {(x^{13})}^{- 1} d x$

Step 1.2

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{13})}^{- 1}$ .

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Step 1.2.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\int x^{13 \cdot - 1} d x$

Step 1.2.2

Multiply $13$ by $- 1$ .

$\int x^{- 13} d x$

Step 2

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x^{- 13}$ with respect to $x$ is $- \frac{1}{12} x^{- 12}$ .

$- \frac{1}{12} x^{- 12} + C$

Step 3

Simplify the answer.

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Step 3.1

Rewrite $- \frac{1}{12} x^{- 12} + C$ as $- \frac{1}{12} \cdot \frac{1}{x^{12}} + C$ .

$- \frac{1}{12} \cdot \frac{1}{x^{12}} + C$

Step 3.2

Simplify.

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Step 3.2.1

Multiply $\frac{1}{x^{12}}$ by $\frac{1}{12}$ .

$- \frac{1}{x^{12} \cdot 12} + C$

Step 3.2.2

Move $12$ to the left of $x^{12}$ .

$- \frac{1}{12 x^{12}} + C$