Calculus Examples

$y = \frac{(x + 3) x}{x + 1}$

Step 1

Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{f (x)}{g (x)}]$ is $\frac{g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)] - f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)]}{{g (x)}^{2}}$ where $f (x) = (x + 3) x$ and $g (x) = x + 1$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) \frac{d}{d x} [(x + 3) x] - (x + 3) x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 2

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x + 3$ and $g (x) = x$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) ((x + 3) \frac{d}{d x} [x] + x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) - (x + 3) x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3

Differentiate.

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Step 3.1

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) ((x + 3) \cdot 1 + x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) - (x + 3) x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3.2

Multiply $x + 3$ by $1$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) (x + 3 + x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) - (x + 3) x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3.3

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x + 3$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3]$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) (x + 3 + x (\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3])) - (x + 3) x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) (x + 3 + x (1 + \frac{d}{d x} [3])) - (x + 3) x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3.5

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $3$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) (x + 3 + x (1 + 0)) - (x + 3) x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3.6

Simplify by adding terms.

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Step 3.6.1

Add $1$ and $0$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) (x + 3 + x \cdot 1) - (x + 3) x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3.6.2

Multiply $x$ by $1$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) (x + 3 + x) - (x + 3) x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3.6.3

Add $x$ and $x$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) (2 x + 3) - (x + 3) x \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1]}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3.7

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x + 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) (2 x + 3) - (x + 3) x (\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1])}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3.8

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) (2 x + 3) - (x + 3) x (1 + \frac{d}{d x} [1])}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3.9

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) (2 x + 3) - (x + 3) x (1 + 0)}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3.10

Simplify the expression.

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Step 3.10.1

Add $1$ and $0$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) (2 x + 3) - (x + 3) x \cdot 1}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 3.10.2

Multiply $- 1$ by $1$ .

$\frac{(x + 1) (2 x + 3) - (x + 3) x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4

Simplify.

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Step 4.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{(x + 1) (2 x + 3) + (- x - 1 \cdot 3) x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{(x + 1) (2 x + 3) - x \cdot x - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 4.3.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 4.3.1.1

Expand $(x + 1) (2 x + 3)$ using the FOIL Method.

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Step 4.3.1.1.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x (2 x + 3) + 1 (2 x + 3) - x \cdot x - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.1.1.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x (2 x) + x \cdot 3 + 1 (2 x + 3) - x \cdot x - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.1.1.3

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{x (2 x) + x \cdot 3 + 1 (2 x) + 1 \cdot 3 - x \cdot x - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.1.2

Simplify and combine like terms.

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Step 4.3.1.2.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 4.3.1.2.1.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\frac{2 x \cdot x + x \cdot 3 + 1 (2 x) + 1 \cdot 3 - x \cdot x - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.1.2.1.2

Multiply $x$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.3.1.2.1.2.1

Move $x$ .

$\frac{2 (x \cdot x) + x \cdot 3 + 1 (2 x) + 1 \cdot 3 - x \cdot x - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.1.2.1.2.2

Multiply $x$ by $x$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} + x \cdot 3 + 1 (2 x) + 1 \cdot 3 - x \cdot x - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.1.2.1.3

Move $3$ to the left of $x$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} + 3 \cdot x + 1 (2 x) + 1 \cdot 3 - x \cdot x - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.1.2.1.4

Multiply $2 x$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} + 3 x + 2 x + 1 \cdot 3 - x \cdot x - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.1.2.1.5

Multiply $3$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} + 3 x + 2 x + 3 - x \cdot x - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.1.2.2

Add $3 x$ and $2 x$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} + 5 x + 3 - x \cdot x - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.1.3

Multiply $x$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 4.3.1.3.1

Move $x$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} + 5 x + 3 - (x \cdot x) - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.1.3.2

Multiply $x$ by $x$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} + 5 x + 3 - x^{2} - 1 \cdot 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.1.4

Multiply $- 1$ by $3$ .

$\frac{2 x^{2} + 5 x + 3 - x^{2} - 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.2

Subtract $x^{2}$ from $2 x^{2}$ .

$\frac{x^{2} + 5 x + 3 - 3 x}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$

Step 4.3.3

Subtract $3 x$ from $5 x$ .

$\frac{x^{2} + 2 x + 3}{{(x + 1)}^{2}}$