Calculus Examples

\int x {(4 x - 1)}^{4} d x

$\int x {(4 x - 1)}^{4} d x$

Step 1

This integral could not be completed using u-substitution. Mathway will use another method.

Step 2

Simplify.

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Step 2.1

Use the Binomial Theorem.

\int x ({(4 x)}^{4} + 4 {(4 x)}^{3} \cdot - 1 + 6 {(4 x)}^{2} {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x

$\int x ({(4 x)}^{4} + 4 {(4 x)}^{3} \cdot - 1 + 6 {(4 x)}^{2} {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2

Simplify each term.

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Step 2.2.1

Apply the product rule to

$4 x$ .

$\int x (4^{4} x^{4} + 4 {(4 x)}^{3} \cdot - 1 + 6 {(4 x)}^{2} {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.2

Raise

$4$ to the power of

$4$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} + 4 {(4 x)}^{3} \cdot - 1 + 6 {(4 x)}^{2} {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.3

Apply the product rule to

$4 x$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} + 4 (4^{3} x^{3}) \cdot - 1 + 6 {(4 x)}^{2} {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.4

Multiply

$4$ by

$4^{3}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 2.2.4.1

Move

$4^{3}$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} + 4^{3} \cdot 4 x^{3} \cdot - 1 + 6 {(4 x)}^{2} {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.4.2

Multiply

$4^{3}$ by

$4$ .

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Step 2.2.4.2.1

Raise

$4$ to the power of

$1$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} + 4^{3} \cdot 4^{1} x^{3} \cdot - 1 + 6 {(4 x)}^{2} {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.4.2.2

Use the power rule

$a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\int x (256 x^{4} + 4^{3 + 1} x^{3} \cdot - 1 + 6 {(4 x)}^{2} {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.4.3

Add

$3$ and

$1$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} + 4^{4} x^{3} \cdot - 1 + 6 {(4 x)}^{2} {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.5

Raise

$4$ to the power of

$4$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} + 256 x^{3} \cdot - 1 + 6 {(4 x)}^{2} {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.6

Multiply

$- 1$ by

$256$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} - 256 x^{3} + 6 {(4 x)}^{2} {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.7

Apply the product rule to

$4 x$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} - 256 x^{3} + 6 (4^{2} x^{2}) {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.8

Raise

$4$ to the power of

$2$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} - 256 x^{3} + 6 (16 x^{2}) {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.9

Multiply

$16$ by

$6$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} - 256 x^{3} + 96 x^{2} {(- 1)}^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.10

Raise

$- 1$ to the power of

$2$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} - 256 x^{3} + 96 x^{2} \cdot 1 + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.11

Multiply

$96$ by

$1$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} - 256 x^{3} + 96 x^{2} + 4 (4 x) {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.12

Multiply

$4$ by

$4$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} - 256 x^{3} + 96 x^{2} + 16 x {(- 1)}^{3} + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.13

Raise

$- 1$ to the power of

$3$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} - 256 x^{3} + 96 x^{2} + 16 x \cdot - 1 + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.14

Multiply

$- 1$ by

$16$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} - 256 x^{3} + 96 x^{2} - 16 x + {(- 1)}^{4}) d x$

Step 2.2.15

Raise

$- 1$ to the power of

$4$ .

$\int x (256 x^{4} - 256 x^{3} + 96 x^{2} - 16 x + 1) d x$

Step 2.3

Apply the distributive property.

$\int x (256 x^{4}) + x (- 256 x^{3}) + x (96 x^{2}) + x (- 16 x) + x \cdot 1 d x$

Step 2.4

Simplify.

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Step 2.4.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\int 256 x \cdot x^{4} + x (- 256 x^{3}) + x (96 x^{2}) + x (- 16 x) + x \cdot 1 d x$

Step 2.4.2

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\int 256 x \cdot x^{4} - 256 x \cdot x^{3} + x (96 x^{2}) + x (- 16 x) + x \cdot 1 d x$

Step 2.4.3

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\int 256 x \cdot x^{4} - 256 x \cdot x^{3} + 96 x \cdot x^{2} + x (- 16 x) + x \cdot 1 d x$

Step 2.4.4

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\int 256 x \cdot x^{4} - 256 x \cdot x^{3} + 96 x \cdot x^{2} - 16 x \cdot x + x \cdot 1 d x$

Step 2.4.5

Multiply

$x$ by

$1$ .

$\int 256 x \cdot x^{4} - 256 x \cdot x^{3} + 96 x \cdot x^{2} - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5

Simplify each term.

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Step 2.5.1

Multiply

$x$ by

$x^{4}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 2.5.1.1

Move

$x^{4}$ .

$\int 256 (x^{4} x) - 256 x \cdot x^{3} + 96 x \cdot x^{2} - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5.1.2

Multiply

$x^{4}$ by

$x$ .

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Step 2.5.1.2.1

Raise

$x$ to the power of

$1$ .

$\int 256 (x^{4} x^{1}) - 256 x \cdot x^{3} + 96 x \cdot x^{2} - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5.1.2.2

Use the power rule

$a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\int 256 x^{4 + 1} - 256 x \cdot x^{3} + 96 x \cdot x^{2} - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5.1.3

Add

$4$ and

$1$ .

$\int 256 x^{5} - 256 x \cdot x^{3} + 96 x \cdot x^{2} - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5.2

Multiply

$x$ by

$x^{3}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 2.5.2.1

Move

$x^{3}$ .

$\int 256 x^{5} - 256 (x^{3} x) + 96 x \cdot x^{2} - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5.2.2

Multiply

$x^{3}$ by

$x$ .

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Step 2.5.2.2.1

Raise

$x$ to the power of

$1$ .

$\int 256 x^{5} - 256 (x^{3} x^{1}) + 96 x \cdot x^{2} - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5.2.2.2

Use the power rule

$a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\int 256 x^{5} - 256 x^{3 + 1} + 96 x \cdot x^{2} - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5.2.3

Add

$3$ and

$1$ .

$\int 256 x^{5} - 256 x^{4} + 96 x \cdot x^{2} - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5.3

Multiply

$x$ by

$x^{2}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 2.5.3.1

Move

$x^{2}$ .

$\int 256 x^{5} - 256 x^{4} + 96 (x^{2} x) - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5.3.2

Multiply

$x^{2}$ by

$x$ .

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Step 2.5.3.2.1

Raise

$x$ to the power of

$1$ .

$\int 256 x^{5} - 256 x^{4} + 96 (x^{2} x^{1}) - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5.3.2.2

Use the power rule

$a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\int 256 x^{5} - 256 x^{4} + 96 x^{2 + 1} - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5.3.3

Add

$2$ and

$1$ .

$\int 256 x^{5} - 256 x^{4} + 96 x^{3} - 16 x \cdot x + x d x$

Step 2.5.4

Multiply

$x$ by

$x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 2.5.4.1

Move

$x$ .

$\int 256 x^{5} - 256 x^{4} + 96 x^{3} - 16 (x \cdot x) + x d x$

Step 2.5.4.2

Multiply

$x$ by

$x$ .

$\int 256 x^{5} - 256 x^{4} + 96 x^{3} - 16 x^{2} + x d x$

Step 3

Split the single integral into multiple integrals.

$\int 256 x^{5} d x + \int - 256 x^{4} d x + \int 96 x^{3} d x + \int - 16 x^{2} d x + \int x d x$

Step 4

Since

$256$ is constant with respect to

$x$ , move

$256$ out of the integral.

$256 \int x^{5} d x + \int - 256 x^{4} d x + \int 96 x^{3} d x + \int - 16 x^{2} d x + \int x d x$

Step 5

By the Power Rule, the integral of

$x^{5}$ with respect to

$x$ is

$\frac{1}{6} x^{6}$ .

$256 (\frac{1}{6} x^{6} + C) + \int - 256 x^{4} d x + \int 96 x^{3} d x + \int - 16 x^{2} d x + \int x d x$

Step 6

Since

$- 256$ is constant with respect to

$x$ , move

$- 256$ out of the integral.

$256 (\frac{1}{6} x^{6} + C) - 256 \int x^{4} d x + \int 96 x^{3} d x + \int - 16 x^{2} d x + \int x d x$

Step 7

By the Power Rule, the integral of

$x^{4}$ with respect to

$x$ is

$\frac{1}{5} x^{5}$ .

$256 (\frac{1}{6} x^{6} + C) - 256 (\frac{1}{5} x^{5} + C) + \int 96 x^{3} d x + \int - 16 x^{2} d x + \int x d x$

Step 8

Since

$96$ is constant with respect to

$x$ , move

$96$ out of the integral.

$256 (\frac{1}{6} x^{6} + C) - 256 (\frac{1}{5} x^{5} + C) + 96 \int x^{3} d x + \int - 16 x^{2} d x + \int x d x$

Step 9

By the Power Rule, the integral of

$x^{3}$ with respect to

$x$ is

$\frac{1}{4} x^{4}$ .

$256 (\frac{1}{6} x^{6} + C) - 256 (\frac{1}{5} x^{5} + C) + 96 (\frac{1}{4} x^{4} + C) + \int - 16 x^{2} d x + \int x d x$

Step 10

Since

$- 16$ is constant with respect to

$x$ , move

$- 16$ out of the integral.

$256 (\frac{1}{6} x^{6} + C) - 256 (\frac{1}{5} x^{5} + C) + 96 (\frac{1}{4} x^{4} + C) - 16 \int x^{2} d x + \int x d x$

Step 11

By the Power Rule, the integral of

$x^{2}$ with respect to

$x$ is

$\frac{1}{3} x^{3}$ .

$256 (\frac{1}{6} x^{6} + C) - 256 (\frac{1}{5} x^{5} + C) + 96 (\frac{1}{4} x^{4} + C) - 16 (\frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C) + \int x d x$

Step 12

By the Power Rule, the integral of

$x$ with respect to

$x$ is

$\frac{1}{2} x^{2}$ .

$256 (\frac{1}{6} x^{6} + C) - 256 (\frac{1}{5} x^{5} + C) + 96 (\frac{1}{4} x^{4} + C) - 16 (\frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C) + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + C$

Step 13

Simplify.

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Step 13.1

Simplify.

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Step 13.1.1

Combine

$\frac{1}{6}$ and

$x^{6}$ .

$256 (\frac{x^{6}}{6} + C) - 256 (\frac{1}{5} x^{5} + C) + 96 (\frac{1}{4} x^{4} + C) - 16 (\frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C) + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + C$

Step 13.1.2

Combine

$\frac{1}{5}$ and

$x^{5}$ .

$256 (\frac{x^{6}}{6} + C) - 256 (\frac{x^{5}}{5} + C) + 96 (\frac{1}{4} x^{4} + C) - 16 (\frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C) + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + C$

Step 13.1.3

Combine

$\frac{1}{4}$ and

$x^{4}$ .

$256 (\frac{x^{6}}{6} + C) - 256 (\frac{x^{5}}{5} + C) + 96 (\frac{x^{4}}{4} + C) - 16 (\frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C) + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + C$

Step 13.1.4

Combine

$\frac{1}{3}$ and

$x^{3}$ .

$256 (\frac{x^{6}}{6} + C) - 256 (\frac{x^{5}}{5} + C) + 96 (\frac{x^{4}}{4} + C) - 16 (\frac{x^{3}}{3} + C) + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + C$

Step 13.2

Simplify.

$\frac{128 x^{6}}{3} - \frac{256 x^{5}}{5} + 24 x^{4} - \frac{16 x^{3}}{3} + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + C$

Step 14

Reorder terms.

$\frac{128}{3} x^{6} - \frac{256}{5} x^{5} + 24 x^{4} - \frac{16}{3} x^{3} + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + C$