Calculus Examples

$y = \sin^{4} (x^{2} + 3 x)$

Step 1

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{4}$ and $g (x) = \sin (x^{2} + 3 x)$ .

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Step 1.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{1}$ as $\sin (x^{2} + 3 x)$ .

$\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{4}] \frac{d}{d x} [\sin (x^{2} + 3 x)]$

Step 1.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{1}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = 4$ .

$4 {u_{1}}^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [\sin (x^{2} + 3 x)]$

Step 1.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $\sin (x^{2} + 3 x)$ .

$4 \sin^{3} (x^{2} + 3 x) \frac{d}{d x} [\sin (x^{2} + 3 x)]$

Step 2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = \sin (x)$ and $g (x) = x^{2} + 3 x$ .

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Step 2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{2}$ as $x^{2} + 3 x$ .

$4 \sin^{3} (x^{2} + 3 x) (\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [\sin (u_{2})] \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 3 x])$

Step 2.2

The derivative of $\sin (u_{2})$ with respect to $u_{2}$ is $\cos (u_{2})$ .

$4 \sin^{3} (x^{2} + 3 x) (\cos (u_{2}) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 3 x])$

Step 2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with $x^{2} + 3 x$ .

$4 \sin^{3} (x^{2} + 3 x) (\cos (x^{2} + 3 x) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 3 x])$

Step 3

Differentiate.

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Step 3.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x^{2} + 3 x$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [3 x]$ .

$4 \sin^{3} (x^{2} + 3 x) \cos (x^{2} + 3 x) (\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [3 x])$

Step 3.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$4 \sin^{3} (x^{2} + 3 x) \cos (x^{2} + 3 x) (2 x + \frac{d}{d x} [3 x])$

Step 3.3

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $3 x$ with respect to $x$ is $3 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$4 \sin^{3} (x^{2} + 3 x) \cos (x^{2} + 3 x) (2 x + 3 \frac{d}{d x} [x])$

Step 3.4

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$4 \sin^{3} (x^{2} + 3 x) \cos (x^{2} + 3 x) (2 x + 3 \cdot 1)$

Step 3.5

Multiply $3$ by $1$ .

$4 \sin^{3} (x^{2} + 3 x) \cos (x^{2} + 3 x) (2 x + 3)$