Calculus Examples

$\sqrt[3]{x^{2}} (2 x - x^{2})$

Step 1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt[3]{x^{2}}$ as $x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 x - x^{2})]$

Step 2

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ and $g (x) = 2 x - x^{2}$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [2 x - x^{2}] + (2 x - x^{2}) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{2}{3}}]$

Step 3

Differentiate.

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Step 3.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $2 x - x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [2 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{2}]$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (\frac{d}{d x} [2 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{2}]) + (2 x - x^{2}) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{2}{3}}]$

Step 3.2

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2 x$ with respect to $x$ is $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 \frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{2}]) + (2 x - x^{2}) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{2}{3}}]$

Step 3.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 \cdot 1 + \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{2}]) + (2 x - x^{2}) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{2}{3}}]$

Step 3.4

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 + \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{2}]) + (2 x - x^{2}) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{2}{3}}]$

Step 3.5

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $- \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 - \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]) + (2 x - x^{2}) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{2}{3}}]$

Step 3.6

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 - (2 x)) + (2 x - x^{2}) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{2}{3}}]$

Step 3.7

Multiply $2$ by $- 1$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 - 2 x) + (2 x - x^{2}) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{2}{3}}]$

Step 3.8

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{2}{3}$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 - 2 x) + (2 x - x^{2}) (\frac{2}{3} x^{\frac{2}{3} - 1})$

Step 4

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 - 2 x) + (2 x - x^{2}) (\frac{2}{3} x^{\frac{2}{3} - 1 \cdot \frac{3}{3}})$

Step 5

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 - 2 x) + (2 x - x^{2}) (\frac{2}{3} x^{\frac{2}{3} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 3}{3}})$

Step 6

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 - 2 x) + (2 x - x^{2}) (\frac{2}{3} x^{\frac{2 - 1 \cdot 3}{3}})$

Step 7

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 7.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $3$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 - 2 x) + (2 x - x^{2}) (\frac{2}{3} x^{\frac{2 - 3}{3}})$

Step 7.2

Subtract $3$ from $2$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 - 2 x) + (2 x - x^{2}) (\frac{2}{3} x^{\frac{- 1}{3}})$

Step 8

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 - 2 x) + (2 x - x^{2}) (\frac{2}{3} x^{- \frac{1}{3}})$

Step 9

Combine $\frac{2}{3}$ and $x^{- \frac{1}{3}}$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 - 2 x) + (2 x - x^{2}) \frac{2 x^{- \frac{1}{3}}}{3}$

Step 10

Move $x^{- \frac{1}{3}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} (2 - 2 x) + (2 x - x^{2}) \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11

Simplify.

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Step 11.1

Apply the distributive property.

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} \cdot 2 + x^{\frac{2}{3}} (- 2 x) + (2 x - x^{2}) \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.2

Apply the distributive property.

$x^{\frac{2}{3}} \cdot 2 + x^{\frac{2}{3}} (- 2 x) + 2 x \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3

Combine terms.

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Step 11.3.1

Move $2$ to the left of $x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ .

$2 \cdot x^{\frac{2}{3}} + x^{\frac{2}{3}} (- 2 x) + 2 x \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.2

Multiply $x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ by $x$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 11.3.2.1

Move $x$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} + x \cdot x^{\frac{2}{3}} \cdot - 2 + 2 x \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.2.2

Multiply $x$ by $x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ .

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Step 11.3.2.2.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} + x^{1} x^{\frac{2}{3}} \cdot - 2 + 2 x \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.2.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} + x^{1 + \frac{2}{3}} \cdot - 2 + 2 x \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.2.3

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} + x^{\frac{3}{3} + \frac{2}{3}} \cdot - 2 + 2 x \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.2.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} + x^{\frac{3 + 2}{3}} \cdot - 2 + 2 x \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.2.5

Add $3$ and $2$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} + x^{\frac{5}{3}} \cdot - 2 + 2 x \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.3

Move $- 2$ to the left of $x^{\frac{5}{3}}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 \cdot x^{\frac{5}{3}} + 2 x \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.4

Combine $2$ and $\frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + x \frac{2 \cdot 2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.5

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + x \frac{4}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.6

Combine $x$ and $\frac{4}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{x \cdot 4}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.7

Move $4$ to the left of $x$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 \cdot x}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.8

Move $x^{\frac{1}{3}}$ to the numerator using the negative exponent rule $\frac{1}{b^{n}} = b^{- n}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x \cdot x^{- \frac{1}{3}}}{3} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.9

Multiply $x$ by $x^{- \frac{1}{3}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 11.3.9.1

Move $x^{- \frac{1}{3}}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 (x^{- \frac{1}{3}} x)}{3} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.9.2

Multiply $x^{- \frac{1}{3}}$ by $x$ .

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Step 11.3.9.2.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 (x^{- \frac{1}{3}} x^{1})}{3} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.9.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{- \frac{1}{3} + 1}}{3} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.9.3

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{- \frac{1}{3} + \frac{3}{3}}}{3} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.9.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{- 1 + 3}{3}}}{3} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.9.5

Add $- 1$ and $3$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - x^{2} \frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.10

Combine $\frac{2}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$ and $x^{2}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{2}}{3 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 11.3.11

Move $x^{\frac{1}{3}}$ to the numerator using the negative exponent rule $\frac{1}{b^{n}} = b^{- n}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{2} x^{- \frac{1}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.12

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $x^{- \frac{1}{3}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 11.3.12.1

Move $x^{- \frac{1}{3}}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 (x^{- \frac{1}{3}} x^{2})}{3}$

Step 11.3.12.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{- \frac{1}{3} + 2}}{3}$

Step 11.3.12.3

To write $2$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{- \frac{1}{3} + 2 \cdot \frac{3}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.12.4

Combine $2$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{- \frac{1}{3} + \frac{2 \cdot 3}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.12.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{\frac{- 1 + 2 \cdot 3}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.12.6

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 11.3.12.6.1

Multiply $2$ by $3$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{\frac{- 1 + 6}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.12.6.2

Add $- 1$ and $6$ .

$2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.13

To write $2 x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$- 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + 2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} \cdot \frac{3}{3} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.14

Combine $2 x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$- 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} \cdot 3}{3} + \frac{4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.15

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{2 x^{\frac{2}{3}} \cdot 3 + 4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.16

Multiply $3$ by $2$ .

$- 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{6 x^{\frac{2}{3}} + 4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.17

Add $6 x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ and $4 x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ .

$- 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} + \frac{10 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.18

To write $- 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$- 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} \cdot \frac{3}{3} - \frac{2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3} + \frac{10 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.19

Combine $- 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$\frac{- 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} \cdot 3}{3} - \frac{2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3} + \frac{10 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.20

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}} \cdot 3 - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3} + \frac{10 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.21

Multiply $3$ by $- 2$ .

$\frac{- 6 x^{\frac{5}{3}} - 2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3} + \frac{10 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.22

Subtract $2 x^{\frac{5}{3}}$ from $- 6 x^{\frac{5}{3}}$ .

$\frac{- 8 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3} + \frac{10 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.3.23

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{8 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3} + \frac{10 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3}$

Step 11.4

Reorder terms.

$\frac{10 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3} - \frac{8 x^{\frac{5}{3}}}{3}$