Calculus Examples

$\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x}} - \sqrt{x} d x$

Step 1

Split the single integral into multiple integrals.

$\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x}} d x + \int - \sqrt{x} d x$

Step 2

Apply basic rules of exponents.

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Step 2.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{x}$ as $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} d x + \int - \sqrt{x} d x$

Step 2.2

Move $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ out of the denominator by raising it to the $- 1$ power.

$\int {(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{- 1} d x + \int - \sqrt{x} d x$

Step 2.3

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{- 1}$ .

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Step 2.3.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\int x^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot - 1} d x + \int - \sqrt{x} d x$

Step 2.3.2

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $- 1$ .

$\int x^{\frac{- 1}{2}} d x + \int - \sqrt{x} d x$

Step 2.3.3

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\int x^{- \frac{1}{2}} d x + \int - \sqrt{x} d x$

Step 3

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ with respect to $x$ is $2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} + C + \int - \sqrt{x} d x$

Step 4

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $- 1$ out of the integral.

$2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} + C - \int \sqrt{x} d x$

Step 5

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{x}$ as $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} + C - \int x^{\frac{1}{2}} d x$

Step 6

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{2}{3} x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

$2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} + C - (\frac{2}{3} x^{\frac{3}{2}} + C)$

Step 7

Simplify.

$2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - \frac{2}{3} x^{\frac{3}{2}} + C$