Calculus Examples

$\int (\frac{8}{2} x^{8} - x^{6} + 7 x^{- 4} + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + 10) d x$

Step 1

Remove parentheses.

$\int \frac{8}{2} x^{8} - x^{6} + 7 x^{- 4} + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + 10 d x$

Step 2

Cancel the common factor of $8$ and $2$ .

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Step 2.1

Factor $2$ out of $8$ .

$\int \frac{2 \cdot 4}{2} x^{8} - x^{6} + 7 x^{- 4} + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + 10 d x$

Step 2.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 2.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$\int \frac{2 \cdot 4}{2 (1)} x^{8} - x^{6} + 7 x^{- 4} + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + 10 d x$

Step 2.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\int \frac{2 \cdot 4}{2 \cdot 1} x^{8} - x^{6} + 7 x^{- 4} + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + 10 d x$

Step 2.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\int \frac{4}{1} x^{8} - x^{6} + 7 x^{- 4} + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + 10 d x$

Step 2.2.4

Divide $4$ by $1$ .

$\int 4 x^{8} - x^{6} + 7 x^{- 4} + \frac{1}{2} x^{2} + 10 d x$

Step 3

Split the single integral into multiple integrals.

$\int 4 x^{8} d x + \int - x^{6} d x + \int 7 x^{- 4} d x + \int \frac{1}{2} x^{2} d x + \int 10 d x$

Step 4

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $4$ out of the integral.

$4 \int x^{8} d x + \int - x^{6} d x + \int 7 x^{- 4} d x + \int \frac{1}{2} x^{2} d x + \int 10 d x$

Step 5

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x^{8}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{9} x^{9}$ .

$4 (\frac{1}{9} x^{9} + C) + \int - x^{6} d x + \int 7 x^{- 4} d x + \int \frac{1}{2} x^{2} d x + \int 10 d x$

Step 6

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $- 1$ out of the integral.

$4 (\frac{1}{9} x^{9} + C) - \int x^{6} d x + \int 7 x^{- 4} d x + \int \frac{1}{2} x^{2} d x + \int 10 d x$

Step 7

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x^{6}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{7} x^{7}$ .

$4 (\frac{1}{9} x^{9} + C) - (\frac{1}{7} x^{7} + C) + \int 7 x^{- 4} d x + \int \frac{1}{2} x^{2} d x + \int 10 d x$

Step 8

Since $7$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $7$ out of the integral.

$4 (\frac{1}{9} x^{9} + C) - (\frac{1}{7} x^{7} + C) + 7 \int x^{- 4} d x + \int \frac{1}{2} x^{2} d x + \int 10 d x$

Step 9

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x^{- 4}$ with respect to $x$ is $- \frac{1}{3} x^{- 3}$ .

$4 (\frac{1}{9} x^{9} + C) - (\frac{1}{7} x^{7} + C) + 7 (- \frac{1}{3} x^{- 3} + C) + \int \frac{1}{2} x^{2} d x + \int 10 d x$

Step 10

Since $\frac{1}{2}$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $\frac{1}{2}$ out of the integral.

$4 (\frac{1}{9} x^{9} + C) - (\frac{1}{7} x^{7} + C) + 7 (- \frac{1}{3} x^{- 3} + C) + \frac{1}{2} \int x^{2} d x + \int 10 d x$

Step 11

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{3} x^{3}$ .

$4 (\frac{1}{9} x^{9} + C) - (\frac{1}{7} x^{7} + C) + 7 (- \frac{1}{3} x^{- 3} + C) + \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C) + \int 10 d x$

Step 12

Apply the constant rule.

$4 (\frac{1}{9} x^{9} + C) - (\frac{1}{7} x^{7} + C) + 7 (- \frac{1}{3} x^{- 3} + C) + \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C) + 10 x + C$

Step 13

Simplify.

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Step 13.1

Simplify.

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Step 13.1.1

Combine $\frac{1}{9}$ and $x^{9}$ .

$4 (\frac{x^{9}}{9} + C) - (\frac{1}{7} x^{7} + C) + 7 (- \frac{1}{3} x^{- 3} + C) + \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C) + 10 x + C$

Step 13.1.2

Combine $\frac{1}{7}$ and $x^{7}$ .

$4 (\frac{x^{9}}{9} + C) - (\frac{x^{7}}{7} + C) + 7 (- \frac{1}{3} x^{- 3} + C) + \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C) + 10 x + C$

Step 13.1.3

Combine $x^{- 3}$ and $\frac{1}{3}$ .

$4 (\frac{x^{9}}{9} + C) - (\frac{x^{7}}{7} + C) + 7 (- \frac{x^{- 3}}{3} + C) + \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C) + 10 x + C$

Step 13.1.4

Move $x^{- 3}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$4 (\frac{x^{9}}{9} + C) - (\frac{x^{7}}{7} + C) + 7 (- \frac{1}{3 x^{3}} + C) + \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{3} x^{3} + C) + 10 x + C$

Step 13.2

Simplify.

$\frac{4 x^{9}}{9} - \frac{x^{7}}{7} - \frac{7}{3 x^{3}} + \frac{x^{3}}{6} + 10 x + C$

Step 14

Reorder terms.

$\frac{4}{9} x^{9} - \frac{1}{7} x^{7} - \frac{7}{3 x^{3}} + \frac{1}{6} x^{3} + 10 x + C$