Calculus Examples

$\int 5 x^{3} - \frac{3}{x} + \frac{1}{2 \sqrt[3]{x}} d x$

Step 1

Split the single integral into multiple integrals.

$\int 5 x^{3} d x + \int - \frac{3}{x} d x + \int \frac{1}{2 \sqrt[3]{x}} d x$

Step 2

Since $5$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $5$ out of the integral.

$5 \int x^{3} d x + \int - \frac{3}{x} d x + \int \frac{1}{2 \sqrt[3]{x}} d x$

Step 3

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x^{3}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{4} x^{4}$ .

$5 (\frac{1}{4} x^{4} + C) + \int - \frac{3}{x} d x + \int \frac{1}{2 \sqrt[3]{x}} d x$

Step 4

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $- 1$ out of the integral.

$5 (\frac{1}{4} x^{4} + C) - \int \frac{3}{x} d x + \int \frac{1}{2 \sqrt[3]{x}} d x$

Step 5

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $3$ out of the integral.

$5 (\frac{1}{4} x^{4} + C) - (3 \int \frac{1}{x} d x) + \int \frac{1}{2 \sqrt[3]{x}} d x$

Step 6

Simplify.

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Step 6.1

Combine $\frac{1}{4}$ and $x^{4}$ .

$5 (\frac{x^{4}}{4} + C) - (3 \int \frac{1}{x} d x) + \int \frac{1}{2 \sqrt[3]{x}} d x$

Step 6.2

Multiply $3$ by $- 1$ .

$5 (\frac{x^{4}}{4} + C) - 3 \int \frac{1}{x} d x + \int \frac{1}{2 \sqrt[3]{x}} d x$

Step 7

The integral of $\frac{1}{x}$ with respect to $x$ is $\ln (| x |)$ .

$5 (\frac{x^{4}}{4} + C) - 3 (\ln (| x |) + C) + \int \frac{1}{2 \sqrt[3]{x}} d x$

Step 8

Since $\frac{1}{2}$ is constant with respect to $x$ , move $\frac{1}{2}$ out of the integral.

$5 (\frac{x^{4}}{4} + C) - 3 (\ln (| x |) + C) + \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}} d x$

Step 9

Apply basic rules of exponents.

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Step 9.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt[3]{x}$ as $x^{\frac{1}{3}}$ .

$5 (\frac{x^{4}}{4} + C) - 3 (\ln (| x |) + C) + \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{3}}} d x$

Step 9.2

Move $x^{\frac{1}{3}}$ out of the denominator by raising it to the $- 1$ power.

$5 (\frac{x^{4}}{4} + C) - 3 (\ln (| x |) + C) + \frac{1}{2} \int {(x^{\frac{1}{3}})}^{- 1} d x$

Step 9.3

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{\frac{1}{3}})}^{- 1}$ .

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Step 9.3.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$5 (\frac{x^{4}}{4} + C) - 3 (\ln (| x |) + C) + \frac{1}{2} \int x^{\frac{1}{3} \cdot - 1} d x$

Step 9.3.2

Combine $\frac{1}{3}$ and $- 1$ .

$5 (\frac{x^{4}}{4} + C) - 3 (\ln (| x |) + C) + \frac{1}{2} \int x^{\frac{- 1}{3}} d x$

Step 9.3.3

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$5 (\frac{x^{4}}{4} + C) - 3 (\ln (| x |) + C) + \frac{1}{2} \int x^{- \frac{1}{3}} d x$

Step 10

By the Power Rule, the integral of $x^{- \frac{1}{3}}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ .

$5 (\frac{x^{4}}{4} + C) - 3 (\ln (| x |) + C) + \frac{1}{2} (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{2}{3}} + C)$

Step 11

Simplify.

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Step 11.1

Simplify.

$\frac{5 x^{4}}{4} - 3 \ln (| x |) + \frac{1}{2} (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{2}{3}}) + C$

Step 11.2

Simplify.

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Step 11.2.1

Combine $\frac{3}{2}$ and $x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ .

$\frac{5 x^{4}}{4} - 3 \ln (| x |) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{2} + C$

Step 11.2.2

Multiply $\frac{1}{2}$ by $\frac{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{2}$ .

$\frac{5 x^{4}}{4} - 3 \ln (| x |) + \frac{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{2 \cdot 2} + C$

Step 11.2.3

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{5 x^{4}}{4} - 3 \ln (| x |) + \frac{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{4} + C$

Step 11.3

Reorder terms.

$\frac{5}{4} x^{4} - 3 \ln (| x |) + \frac{3}{4} x^{\frac{2}{3}} + C$