Calculus Examples

$\frac{x + 1}{4^{x}}$

Step 1

Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{f (x)}{g (x)}]$ is $\frac{g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)] - f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)]}{{g (x)}^{2}}$ where $f (x) = x + 1$ and $g (x) = 4^{x}$ .

$\frac{4^{x} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1] - (x + 1) \frac{d}{d x} [4^{x}]}{{(4^{x})}^{2}}$

Step 2

Differentiate.

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Step 2.1

Multiply the exponents in ${(4^{x})}^{2}$ .

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Step 2.1.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\frac{4^{x} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1] - (x + 1) \frac{d}{d x} [4^{x}]}{4^{x \cdot 2}}$

Step 2.1.2

Move $2$ to the left of $x$ .

$\frac{4^{x} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 1] - (x + 1) \frac{d}{d x} [4^{x}]}{4^{2 x}}$

Step 2.2

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x + 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$ .

$\frac{4^{x} (\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]) - (x + 1) \frac{d}{d x} [4^{x}]}{4^{2 x}}$

Step 2.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$\frac{4^{x} (1 + \frac{d}{d x} [1]) - (x + 1) \frac{d}{d x} [4^{x}]}{4^{2 x}}$

Step 2.4

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{4^{x} (1 + 0) - (x + 1) \frac{d}{d x} [4^{x}]}{4^{2 x}}$

Step 2.5

Simplify the expression.

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Step 2.5.1

Add $1$ and $0$ .

$\frac{4^{x} \cdot 1 - (x + 1) \frac{d}{d x} [4^{x}]}{4^{2 x}}$

Step 2.5.2

Multiply $4^{x}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{4^{x} - (x + 1) \frac{d}{d x} [4^{x}]}{4^{2 x}}$

Step 3

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [a^{x}]$ is $a^{x} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $4$ .

$\frac{4^{x} - (x + 1) (4^{x} \ln (4))}{4^{2 x}}$

Step 4

Simplify.

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Step 4.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{4^{x} + (- x - 1 \cdot 1) (4^{x} \ln (4))}{4^{2 x}}$

Step 4.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{4^{x} - x (4^{x} \ln (4)) - 1 \cdot 1 (4^{x} \ln (4))}{4^{2 x}}$

Step 4.3

Simplify each term.

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Step 4.3.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $1$ .

$\frac{4^{x} - x (4^{x} \ln (4)) - 1 (4^{x} \ln (4))}{4^{2 x}}$

Step 4.3.2

Rewrite $- 1 (4^{x} \ln (4))$ as $- (4^{x} \ln (4))$ .

$\frac{4^{x} - x (4^{x} \ln (4)) - 4^{x} \ln (4)}{4^{2 x}}$

$\frac{4^{x} - x \cdot 4^{x} \ln (4) - 4^{x} \ln (4)}{4^{2 x}}$

Step 4.4

Reorder terms.

$\frac{- 4^{x} x \ln (4) - 4^{x} \ln (4) + 4^{x}}{4^{2 x}}$