Calculus Examples

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{5 x^{3} - 6 x^{2} - 9 x - 10}{4 x^{4} - 3 x^{2} + 4 x + 7}$

Step 1

Divide the numerator and denominator by the highest power of $x$ in the denominator, which is $x^{4}$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5 x^{3}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 6 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 9 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2

Evaluate the limit.

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Step 2.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 2.1.1

Cancel the common factor of $x^{3}$ and $x^{4}$ .

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Step 2.1.1.1

Factor $x^{3}$ out of $5 x^{3}$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{x^{3} \cdot 5}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 6 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 9 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.1.1.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 2.1.1.2.1

Factor $x^{3}$ out of $x^{4}$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{x^{3} \cdot 5}{x^{3} x} + \frac{- 6 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 9 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.1.1.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

Step 2.1.1.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} + \frac{- 6 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 9 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.1.2

Cancel the common factor of $x^{2}$ and $x^{4}$ .

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Step 2.1.2.1

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $- 6 x^{2}$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} + \frac{x^{2} \cdot - 6}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 9 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.1.2.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 2.1.2.2.1

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $x^{4}$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} + \frac{x^{2} \cdot - 6}{x^{2} x^{2}} + \frac{- 9 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.1.2.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

Step 2.1.2.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} + \frac{- 6}{x^{2}} + \frac{- 9 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.1.3

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} + \frac{- 9 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.1.4

Cancel the common factor of $x$ and $x^{4}$ .

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Step 2.1.4.1

Factor $x$ out of $- 9 x$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} + \frac{x \cdot - 9}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.1.4.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 2.1.4.2.1

Factor $x$ out of $x^{4}$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} + \frac{x \cdot - 9}{x \cdot x^{3}} + \frac{- 10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.1.4.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

Step 2.1.4.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} + \frac{- 9}{x^{3}} + \frac{- 10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.1.5

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} + \frac{- 10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.1.6

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.2

Simplify each term.

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Step 2.2.1

Cancel the common factor of $x^{4}$ .

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Step 2.2.1.1

Cancel the common factor.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{\frac{4 x^{4}}{x^{4}} + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.2.1.2

Divide $4$ by $1$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{4 + \frac{- 3 x^{2}}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.2.2

Cancel the common factor of $x^{2}$ and $x^{4}$ .

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Step 2.2.2.1

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $- 3 x^{2}$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{4 + \frac{x^{2} \cdot - 3}{x^{4}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.2.2.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 2.2.2.2.1

Factor $x^{2}$ out of $x^{4}$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{4 + \frac{x^{2} \cdot - 3}{x^{2} x^{2}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.2.2.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{4 + \frac{x^{2} \cdot - 3}{x^{2} x^{2}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.2.2.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{4 + \frac{- 3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.2.3

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4 x}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.2.4

Cancel the common factor of $x$ and $x^{4}$ .

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Step 2.2.4.1

Factor $x$ out of $4 x$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{x \cdot 4}{x^{4}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.2.4.2

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 2.2.4.2.1

Factor $x$ out of $x^{4}$ .

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{x \cdot 4}{x \cdot x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.2.4.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{x \cdot 4}{x \cdot x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.2.4.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{\frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4}{x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.3

Split the limit using the Limits Quotient Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{5}{x} - \frac{6}{x^{2}} - \frac{9}{x^{3}} - \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{lim_{x \to \infty} 4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4}{x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.4

Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{5}{x} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{6}{x^{2}} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{9}{x^{3}} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{lim_{x \to \infty} 4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4}{x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 2.5

Move the term $5$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{5 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{6}{x^{2}} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{9}{x^{3}} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{lim_{x \to \infty} 4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4}{x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 3

Since its numerator approaches a real number while its denominator is unbounded, the fraction $\frac{1}{x}$ approaches $0$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{6}{x^{2}} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{9}{x^{3}} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{lim_{x \to \infty} 4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4}{x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 4

Move the term $6$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x^{2}} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{9}{x^{3}} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{lim_{x \to \infty} 4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4}{x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 5

Since its numerator approaches a real number while its denominator is unbounded, the fraction $\frac{1}{x^{2}}$ approaches $0$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{9}{x^{3}} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{lim_{x \to \infty} 4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4}{x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 6

Move the term $9$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x^{3}} - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{lim_{x \to \infty} 4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4}{x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 7

Since its numerator approaches a real number while its denominator is unbounded, the fraction $\frac{1}{x^{3}}$ approaches $0$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{10}{x^{4}}}{lim_{x \to \infty} 4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4}{x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 8

Move the term $10$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - 10 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x^{4}}}{lim_{x \to \infty} 4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4}{x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 9

Since its numerator approaches a real number while its denominator is unbounded, the fraction $\frac{1}{x^{4}}$ approaches $0$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - 10 \cdot 0}{lim_{x \to \infty} 4 - \frac{3}{x^{2}} + \frac{4}{x^{3}} + \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 10

Evaluate the limit.

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Step 10.1

Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - 10 \cdot 0}{lim_{x \to \infty} 4 - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{3}{x^{2}} + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{4}{x^{3}} + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 10.2

Evaluate the limit of $4$ which is constant as $x$ approaches $\infty$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - 10 \cdot 0}{4 - lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{3}{x^{2}} + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{4}{x^{3}} + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 10.3

Move the term $3$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - 10 \cdot 0}{4 - 3 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x^{2}} + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{4}{x^{3}} + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 11

Since its numerator approaches a real number while its denominator is unbounded, the fraction $\frac{1}{x^{2}}$ approaches $0$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - 10 \cdot 0}{4 - 3 \cdot 0 + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{4}{x^{3}} + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 12

Move the term $4$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - 10 \cdot 0}{4 - 3 \cdot 0 + 4 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x^{3}} + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 13

Since its numerator approaches a real number while its denominator is unbounded, the fraction $\frac{1}{x^{3}}$ approaches $0$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - 10 \cdot 0}{4 - 3 \cdot 0 + 4 \cdot 0 + lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{7}{x^{4}}}$

Step 14

Move the term $7$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - 10 \cdot 0}{4 - 3 \cdot 0 + 4 \cdot 0 + 7 lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{x^{4}}}$

Step 15

Since its numerator approaches a real number while its denominator is unbounded, the fraction $\frac{1}{x^{4}}$ approaches $0$ .

$\frac{5 \cdot 0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - 10 \cdot 0}{4 - 3 \cdot 0 + 4 \cdot 0 + 7 \cdot 0}$

Step 16

Simplify the answer.

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Step 16.1

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 16.1.1

Multiply $5$ by $0$ .

$\frac{0 - 6 \cdot 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - 10 \cdot 0}{4 - 3 \cdot 0 + 4 \cdot 0 + 7 \cdot 0}$

Step 16.1.2

Multiply $- 6$ by $0$ .

$\frac{0 + 0 - 9 \cdot 0 - 10 \cdot 0}{4 - 3 \cdot 0 + 4 \cdot 0 + 7 \cdot 0}$

Step 16.1.3

Multiply $- 9$ by $0$ .

$\frac{0 + 0 + 0 - 10 \cdot 0}{4 - 3 \cdot 0 + 4 \cdot 0 + 7 \cdot 0}$

Step 16.1.4

Multiply $- 10$ by $0$ .

$\frac{0 + 0 + 0 + 0}{4 - 3 \cdot 0 + 4 \cdot 0 + 7 \cdot 0}$

Step 16.1.5

Add $0 + 0 + 0$ and $0$ .

$\frac{0 + 0 + 0}{4 - 3 \cdot 0 + 4 \cdot 0 + 7 \cdot 0}$

Step 16.1.6

Add $0 + 0$ and $0$ .

$\frac{0 + 0}{4 - 3 \cdot 0 + 4 \cdot 0 + 7 \cdot 0}$

Step 16.1.7

Add $0$ and $0$ .

$\frac{0}{4 - 3 \cdot 0 + 4 \cdot 0 + 7 \cdot 0}$

Step 16.2

Simplify the denominator.

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Step 16.2.1

Multiply $- 3$ by $0$ .

$\frac{0}{4 + 0 + 4 \cdot 0 + 7 \cdot 0}$

Step 16.2.2

Multiply $4$ by $0$ .

$\frac{0}{4 + 0 + 0 + 7 \cdot 0}$

Step 16.2.3

Multiply $7$ by $0$ .

$\frac{0}{4 + 0 + 0 + 0}$

Step 16.2.4

Add $4 + 0 + 0$ and $0$ .

$\frac{0}{4 + 0 + 0}$

Step 16.2.5

Add $4 + 0$ and $0$ .

$\frac{0}{4 + 0}$

Step 16.2.6

Add $4$ and $0$ .

$\frac{0}{4}$

Step 16.3

Divide $0$ by $4$ .

$0$