Calculus Examples

Find the Inflection Points 1/10x^5-2x^4+12x^3
Step 1
Write as a function.
Step 2
Find the second derivative.
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Step 2.1
Find the first derivative.
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Step 2.1.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.1.2
Evaluate .
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Step 2.1.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.1.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.1.2.3
Combine and .
Step 2.1.2.4
Combine and .
Step 2.1.2.5
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 2.1.2.5.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.1.2.5.2
Cancel the common factors.
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Step 2.1.2.5.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.1.2.5.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.1.2.5.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 2.1.3
Evaluate .
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Step 2.1.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.1.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.1.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.1.4
Evaluate .
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Step 2.1.4.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.1.4.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.1.4.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.2
Find the second derivative.
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Step 2.2.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.2
Evaluate .
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Step 2.2.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.2.3
Combine and .
Step 2.2.2.4
Combine and .
Step 2.2.2.5
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 2.2.2.5.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.2.2.5.2
Cancel the common factors.
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Step 2.2.2.5.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.2.2.5.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.2.2.5.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 2.2.2.5.2.4
Divide by .
Step 2.2.3
Evaluate .
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Step 2.2.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.2.4
Evaluate .
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Step 2.2.4.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.4.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.4.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.3
The second derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3
Set the second derivative equal to then solve the equation .
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Step 3.1
Set the second derivative equal to .
Step 3.2
Factor the left side of the equation.
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Step 3.2.1
Factor out of .
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Step 3.2.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.1.4
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.1.5
Factor out of .
Step 3.2.2
Factor using the perfect square rule.
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Step 3.2.2.1
Rewrite as .
Step 3.2.2.2
Check that the middle term is two times the product of the numbers being squared in the first term and third term.
Step 3.2.2.3
Rewrite the polynomial.
Step 3.2.2.4
Factor using the perfect square trinomial rule , where and .
Step 3.3
If any individual factor on the left side of the equation is equal to , the entire expression will be equal to .
Step 3.4
Set equal to .
Step 3.5
Set equal to and solve for .
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Step 3.5.1
Set equal to .
Step 3.5.2
Solve for .
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Step 3.5.2.1
Set the equal to .
Step 3.5.2.2
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 3.6
The final solution is all the values that make true.
Step 4
Find the points where the second derivative is .
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Step 4.1
Substitute in to find the value of .
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Step 4.1.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 4.1.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 4.1.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 4.1.2.1.1
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 4.1.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.1.3
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 4.1.2.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.1.5
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 4.1.2.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.2.2
Simplify by adding numbers.
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Step 4.1.2.2.1
Add and .
Step 4.1.2.2.2
Add and .
Step 4.1.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 4.2
The point found by substituting in is . This point can be an inflection point.
Step 4.3
Substitute in to find the value of .
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Step 4.3.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 4.3.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 4.3.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 4.3.2.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.3.2.1.2
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 4.3.2.1.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.3.2.1.2.2
Factor out of .
Step 4.3.2.1.2.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.3.2.1.2.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.3.2.1.3
Combine and .
Step 4.3.2.1.4
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.3.2.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.2.1.6
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.3.2.1.7
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.2.2
Find the common denominator.
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Step 4.3.2.2.1
Write as a fraction with denominator .
Step 4.3.2.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.2.2.3
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.2.2.4
Write as a fraction with denominator .
Step 4.3.2.2.5
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.2.2.6
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.2.3
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 4.3.2.4
Simplify each term.
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Step 4.3.2.4.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.2.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.2.5
Simplify by adding and subtracting.
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Step 4.3.2.5.1
Subtract from .
Step 4.3.2.5.2
Add and .
Step 4.3.2.6
The final answer is .
Step 4.4
The point found by substituting in is . This point can be an inflection point.
Step 4.5
Determine the points that could be inflection points.
Step 5
Split into intervals around the points that could potentially be inflection points.
Step 6
Substitute a value from the interval into the second derivative to determine if it is increasing or decreasing.
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Step 6.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 6.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 6.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 6.2.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 6.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 6.2.1.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 6.2.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 6.2.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 6.2.2
Simplify by subtracting numbers.
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Step 6.2.2.1
Subtract from .
Step 6.2.2.2
Subtract from .
Step 6.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 6.3
At , the second derivative is . Since this is negative, the second derivative is decreasing on the interval
Decreasing on since
Decreasing on since
Step 7
Substitute a value from the interval into the second derivative to determine if it is increasing or decreasing.
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Step 7.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 7.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 7.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 7.2.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 7.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 7.2.1.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 7.2.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 7.2.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 7.2.2
Simplify by adding and subtracting.
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Step 7.2.2.1
Subtract from .
Step 7.2.2.2
Add and .
Step 7.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 7.3
At , the second derivative is . Since this is positive, the second derivative is increasing on the interval .
Increasing on since
Increasing on since
Step 8
Substitute a value from the interval into the second derivative to determine if it is increasing or decreasing.
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Step 8.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 8.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 8.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 8.2.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 8.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 8.2.1.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 8.2.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 8.2.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 8.2.2
Simplify by adding and subtracting.
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Step 8.2.2.1
Subtract from .
Step 8.2.2.2
Add and .
Step 8.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 8.3
At , the second derivative is . Since this is positive, the second derivative is increasing on the interval .
Increasing on since
Increasing on since
Step 9
An inflection point is a point on a curve at which the concavity changes sign from plus to minus or from minus to plus. The inflection point in this case is .
Step 10